军用光电侦察装备的发展

本文简要介绍了军用光电侦察装备在现代军事侦察中的作用和地位,几种主要军用光电侦察装备的发展趋势,提出了应该采取的技术对策和重点研究的课题。     

Economic evaluation for the optimal introduction of flexible manufacturing technology under rivalry

Unless procedures for the economic evaluation of flexible manufacturing technology are revamped, much of U.S. industry could repeat the experience of American automobile and steel companies from the recent past. The dynamic character of flexible manufacturing technology in terms of associated developments in microelectronics, a trend toward equipment modularity, and the increasing diversity of relevant markets make flexible manufacturing especially vulnerable to the weaknesses of conventional procedures for the justification of capital expenditures. Building on the work of V. Smith, M.I. Kamien and N.L. Schwartz, this paper presents optimization models from which economically reasonable plans can be derived for the implementation of flexible manufacturing technology. Although the assumptions of these models are not focused on the situation of a specific plant, model implications and the overall perspectives here on the economic evaluation of flexible system options should provide general guidance for manufacturing planners.     

塑料复制光栅研究

本文介绍塑料溶液流延技术复制光栅,用于灯具、电扇、舞台等,成本廉价、工艺简便、适于批量生产,为全息光栅在民用领域中推广具有广泛应用价值。     

人造卫星相对论中间轨道的积分

由于激光技术可使人造卫星轨道测量精度大大提高,因此轨道计算必须考虑广义相对论效应.本文将中间轨道理论推广到考虑广义相对论效应的人造卫星轨道计算中,给出了相对论中间轨道的积分,并导出了以轨道参数为变量的相对论摄动运动方程.     

A new method for modelling the space variability of significant wave height

Significant wave height, , is a measure of the variability of the ocean surface and is defined to be four times the standard deviation of the height of the ocean surface. In this paper, we present a methodology for modelling estimates of over space and time, using data obtained from satellite measurements. These estimates can be thought of as a random surface in space which develops over time. For each fixed time and over some limited region in space, the field consisting of the estimates may be considered stationary. Furthermore, it is reasonable to assume that the (natural) logarithms of the estimates are normally distributed. Under these assumptions and for each fixed time, the marginal distribution over space of the random field of the logarithms of the estimates is fitted by estimating its mean and covariance function, where the form of the covariance function is chosen to allow for correlation patterns at different spatial scales in the data. Both the mean and the covariance function of this model are allowed to be time dependent. A new methodology is developed for estimating the parameters of the chosen covariance structure. The proposed model is validated along the TOPEX-Poseidon satellite tracks by computing distributions of different quantities for the fitted model and comparing these to empirical estimates. Finally, the fitted model is used to compute the distribution of the global maximum over a certain region in the North Atlantic and to reconstruct the field.The research of Anastassia Baxevani is partially supported by the Gothenburg Stochastic Center.     

大学物理实验教学改革探索——谈“少台套大循环”教学模式与管理

教学改革的最终目标都是为了有益于学生的全面发展以及实践能力的提高。以大学物理实验改革为例,介绍了＂少台套大循环＂的实验改革与教学管理方法。经过两年多＂少台套大循环＂的运行,这种改革不仅提高了学生的实验操作能力,而且在教学资源有效配置方面探索出一种可行的运行模式。     

Simulation of earth background radiation characteristic for satellite borne laser warning system

The earth background radiation is a kind of main background interference for satellite borne laser warning system in the space environment, and it is so necessary that the radiation characteristic be studied. In this paper, the mathematic model of the earth background radiation is established, the input parameters of 6S model are analyzed and set, and the simulation of earth background radiation is carried on aiming at the alarm wavelength 1.315 μm and the waveband 0.9-1.7 μm which is the responsive bandwidth of the detector. The results show that: with the increase of zenith angle, the irradiance from ground reflection increases, but the irradiances of atmospheric path radiation and surface-atmosphere interaction at the satellite level decrease; comparing with other two parts, the irradiance from ground reflection weighs most, and the corresponding percentages for 1.315 μm and 0.9-1.7 μm are 75.89% and 73.99%, respectively. The total irradiance at the satellite level from earth background radiation has exceeded the detection sensitivity of the system (about 1 mW/cm²), which may arouse the false alarm. So, the special technique of background suppression must be studied.     

基于可用度的复杂结构装备检修时机决策模型

为最大限度地提高装备的可用度水平,检修工作十分必要,而检修时机的确定即成为一个重要的决策问题。对于复杂结构装备,组成部件的数量、寿命分布及对应的维修策略等都是可用度的影响因素。在采取预防性维修和修复性维修相结合策略的基础上,推导出了单装备任务周期内可用度关于检修时机的表达式,以此获得了装备群系统的检修时机决策模型,并充分考虑了部件工作年龄的影响。通过实例分析,验证了模型的合理性和实用性。     

基于系统动力学的场外核应急洗消设备配置问题研究

洗消设备配置问题是场外核应急准备工作的重要环节之一,论文根据核辐射洗消过程运行特点,考虑系统内人群密度对洗消进程的影响关系,建立洗消系统系统动力学模型。在不同核辐射超标率场景中,设计不同设备配置方案,模拟并观察系统内等待人数和总洗消时间的变化。仿真结果表明,检测I设备与洗消设备的配置数量及比例,影响洗消进度;在综合考虑设备投入和洗消站占地面积的条件下,该方法可为场外核应急洗消设备配置提供决策依据。     

基于惩罚与补贴的再制造闭环供应链网络均衡模型

为研究我国废旧电子产品(WEEE)立法的问题,分析了供应商、制造商、零售商、需求市场及回收商的行为,分别建立了变分不等式模型,并在此基础上建立了五级再制造闭环供应链网络均衡模型。模型考虑了政府对于制造商的惩罚政策与对于回收商的补贴政策。通过修正投影算法求解算例,仿真分析了旧材料转化率、回收率、惩罚及补贴政策对闭环供应链网络均衡结果的影响。结果表明,随着政府对于回收商的补贴的增加,不但回收商的回收量提高,闭环供应链的新材料需求量、旧材料需求量、销售量均增加;相反,随着政府对于制造商未完成的回收量的罚款增加,回收量、新材料需求量、旧材料需求量、销售量均降低;追求高回收率的政策并不总是有效的;而提高WEEE的旧材料转化率对于闭环供应链有利。