Commutativity conditions for rings: 1950–2005

During the last 55 years there have been many results concerning conditions that force a ring to be commutative. These results were stimulated by Jacobson's famous result and were extensively developed by Herstein. This paper will survey the area by organizing the results according to whether they come from variations on Herstein's conditions, depend on general polynomial conditions, depend on the presence of a derivation, or whether a ring has special properties that make commutativity more easily accessible. Finally, the most recent conditions concern product sets and lead to results in a new area of inquiry.     

全变差有界函数列的一致(R)可积性

给出了一致有界单调函数列一致可积性定理 ,由此得出全变差序列有界的收敛函数列的一致可积性 .说明了该结论可判断一些非一致收敛函数列的逐项积分性质 .     

Lower Bounds for the Height and Size of the Ideal Class Group in CM-Fields

 We prove that, under the assumption of the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, the exponent of the ideal class group of a CM-field goes to infinity with its absolute discriminant. This gives a positive answer to a question raised by Louboutin and Okazaki [4]. Received September 10, 2001; in revised form April 5, 2002     

Separable free quadratic algebras over quadratic integers

The aim of the paper is to determine all free separable quadratic algebras over the rings of integers of quadratic fields in terms of the properties of the fundamental unit in the real case. The paper corrects some earlier published results on the subject.     

Global solution to a phase transition model based on a microforce balance

Our aim in this article is to prove the existence and the uniqueness of a global solution to a nonisothermal Ginzburg-Landau (Allen-Cahn) system. This system is obtained by considering, in addition to the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, a balance law for internal microforces proposed by M. Gurtin.     

Complete caps in projective spaces PG (n, q)

A computer search in the finite projective spaces PG(n, q) for the spectrum of possible sizes k of complete k-caps is done. Randomized greedy algorithms are applied. New upper bounds on the smallest size of a complete cap are given for many values of n and q. Many new sizes of complete caps are obtained.     

Local units and Gauss sums

In this paper, we will determine the structure of a certain module which is related to the plus part of the ideal class groups in terms of the divisibility of Gauss sums in some local fields. This result is a generalization of a result of Iwasawa and the previous work of Ichimura and Hachimori.     

Tangent circle bundles admit positive open book decompositions along arbitrary links

In the present paper we generalize the divide lying in the unit disk, introduced by A'Campo, to compact, oriented, smooth surfaces, and prove a fibration theorem for generalized divides. As a consequence, we will show that, for any link L in the tangent circle bundle Y to the compact surface, there exists an additional knot K such that the link L∪K is the binding of a “positive” open book decomposition of Y.     

Double complex and gamma-monomials in global function fields

We investigate Γ-monomials of positive characteristic Γ-functions in the global function fields by using Anderson's double complex method. The results are the generalizations of those in the rational function field case.     

Thermoelastoplastic deformation of a thick-walled cylinder with a radial crack

The thermoelastoplastic fracture mechanics problem of a thick-walled cylinder subjected to internal pressure and a nonuniform temperature field is solved by the method of elastic solutions combined with the finite-element method. The correctness of the solution is provided by using the Barenblatt crack model, in which the stress and strain fields are regular. The elastoplastic problem of a cracked cylinder subjected to internal pressure and a nonuniform temperature field are solved. The calculation results are compared with available data. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 173–183, May–June, 2008.