Biased and Unbiased Two-sided Wilcoxon Tests for Equal Sample Sizes

This paper answers the long-standing question of whether the two-sided Wilcoxon rank test for equal sample sizes is unbiased against a location parameter family of distributions by giving a counterexample. It is also shown that the nonrandomized two-sided Wilcoxon test for equal sample sizes with the least positive significance level is unbiased.     

Decision making in a fuzzy environment and its application to multicriteria power engineering problems

This paper presents results of research into the use of the Bellman–Zadeh approach to decision making in a fuzzy environment for solving multicriteria optimization problems. Its application conforms to the principle of guaranteed result and provides constructive lines in obtaining harmonious solutions on the basis of analyzing associated maxmin problems. The use of the Bellman–Zadeh approach has served as a basis for solving a problem of multicriteria allocation of resources (or their shortages) and developing a corresponding adaptive interactive decision making system (AIDMS1). AIDMS1 includes procedures for considering linguistic variables to reflect conditions that are difficult to formalize as well as procedures for constructing and correcting vectors of importance factors for goals. The use of these procedures permits one to realize an adaptive approach to processing information of a decision maker to provide successive improvment in solution quality. The results of the paper are universally applicable and are already being used to solve power engineering problems. It is illustrated by considering problems of multicriteria power and energy shortage allocation and multicriteria power system operation.     

Evolutionary hybrid approaches for generation scheduling in power systems

Generation scheduling (GS) in power systems is a tough optimisation problem which continues to present a challenge for efficient solution techniques. The solution is to define on/off decisions and generation levels for each electricity generator of a power system for each scheduling interval. The solution procedure requires simultaneous consideration of binary decision and continuous variables. In recent years researchers have focused much attention on developing new hybrid approaches using evolutionary and traditional exact methods for this type of mixed-integer problems. This paper investigates how the optimum or near optimum solution for the GS problem may be quickly identified. A design is proposed which uses a variety of metaheuristic, heuristics and mathematical programming techniques within a hybrid framework. The results obtained for two case studies are promising and show that the hybrid approach offers an effective alternative for solving the GS problems within a realistic timeframe.     

Accurate Small-Signal Model Extraction for pHEMT on GaAs

An accurate small-signal modeling approach applied to GaAs-based pHEMT devices is presented. The procedure for extracting equivalent-circuit model parameters is illustrated in detail. A genetic algorithm (GA) program is developed to optimize the model parameters in order to improve the modeling accuracy. The validity of modeling approach is verified by comparing the simulated and measured result of two pHEMTs and a fabricated ka-band power amplifier. The conclusion can be drawn that the proposed modeling method is rather accurate and efficient.     

On the nonlinear dynamics and control of flexible orbiting manipulators

The paper studies nonlinear dynamics and control of a class of space station based mobile flexible two-link manipulators, normally referred to as the Mobile Servicing System (MSS).The governing nonlinear, nonautonomous and coupled equations of motion are described first followed by the modal discretizations procedure. A parametric response study suggests situations with unacceptable levels of deflections and accelerations for certain proposed missions, as well as station libration and payload positioning errors.An inverse control technique is proposed to achieve high tracking accuracy of the MSS in presence of maneuver induced disturbances. The control strategy is so designed as to regulate the libration of the Space Station as well as to insure joints tracking of prescribed trajectories, while limiting the effect of the structural vibration during large slewing maneuvres of the MSS. Two different control schemes, both based on the feedback linearization technique, are developed and their relative merit assessed.This investigation was supported by the Centers of Excellence Program, Grant No. IRIS/C-8, 5-55380, and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Grant No. A-2181.     

Characterizations of the Deegan–Packel and Johnston power indices

In this paper, we provide a new characterization of the Deegan–Packel power index, which uses a new monotonicity property, and two characterizations of the Johnston power index by employing some usual properties of the literature and two new transfer properties. Finally, a real-world numerical example taken from the political field illustrates the main differences between these two indices.     

对《1972年国际海上避碰规则》有关号灯、号型的修改意见

本文针对《１９７２年国际海上避碰规则》号灯、号型提供的协助避碰的信息和海员作出避碰决策所需的避碰信息的关系，分析了规则号灯、号型的现状及存在问题，提出了修改号灯、号型有关内容的若干具体建议。     

BFEL高压脉冲调制器幅度稳定性的改进

 北京自由电子激光装置(BFEL)的高功率脉冲调制器中,采用de-Qing电路作为主要脉间稳幅手段,在不改变高压大功率元件的条件下,通过定量分析及细致实验,使稳幅精度 从0.5%提高到小于0.1%,从而提高了BFEL激光输出的稳定性。     

Randomized incremental construction of simple abstract Voronoi diagrams in 3-space

We introduce the simple abstract Voronoi diagram in 3-space as an abstraction of the usual Voronoi diagram. We show that the 3-dimensional simple abstract Voronoi diagram of n sites can be computed in O(n²) expected time using O(n²) expected space by a randomized algorithm. The algorithm is based on the randomized incremental construction technique of Clarkson and Shor (1989). We apply the algorithm to some concrete types of such diagrams: power diagrams, diagrams under ellipsoid convex distance functions, and diagrams under the Hausdorff distance for sites that are parallel segments all having the same length.     

Electrical Control of Urease Activity Immobilized to the Conducting Polymer on the Carbon Felt Electrode

The activity of urease varies by its redox reaction. Active urease has an SH group that is essential to exhibit its activity, however, oxidation agents such as quinone compounds can oxidize the SH group in urease and a S–S bond is produced, resulting in the loss of enzyme activity. The reduction potential of cystine was almost the same as that of the recovery of urease activity. In this work, it has been found that the SH group of urease can be oxidized by not only chemical reaction but also by the direct electrode oxidation of urease and the produced S–S bond can be reduced to SH group by chemical and electrode reactions, and the original enzyme activity is recovered. This research shows that the regulation of urease activity is easily possible by changing the electrode potential of the porous carbon felt immobilized urease. The variation of urease activity was monitored by ammonia or carbon dioxide electrode equipped with the urease immobilized carbon felt, and the ammonia or carbon oxide generated from urea can transfer through the carbon felt to reach the each gas permeable membrane. The combination of gas electrode with porous conducting material such as carbon can supply the novel device for the electrochemical investigation of enzyme activity.