白血病骨髓移植病人全血微量元素铜的变化及其意义

为了研究白血病骨髓移植病人全血微量元素铜的变化及其意义 ,用原子吸收光谱法检测了正常对照组与白血病骨髓移植患者预处理前及移植后骨髓空虚期全血微量元素铜的含量。结果表明 ,正常对照组全血铜浓度与白血病骨髓移植患者预处理前全血铜浓度差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ,而与骨髓空虚期全血铜浓度有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,说明白血病缓解后血铜接近正常对照组水平 ,而白血病骨髓移植患者预处理后骨髓空虚期全血铜含量高于正常对照组 ,说明预处理影响微量元素铜的代谢 ,本文就其影响机理进行了研究     

加味异功散对脾虚小白鼠全血Zn、Fe的影响

探讨加味异功能健脾补血的生化机理、对脾虚治疗组、脾虚组和对照组小白鼠全血Zn、Fe含量进行动态观测。结果显示，加味异功散明显提高脾虚治疗组小鼠全血Zn、Fe含量。     

Local and non-local sources of airborne particulate pollution at Beijing--The ratio of Mg/Al as an element tracer for estimating the contributions of mineral aerosols from outside Beijing

A new element tracer technique has firstly been established to estimate the contributions of mineral aerosols from both inside and outside Beijing. The ratio of Mg/Al in aerosol is a feasible element tracer to distinguish between the sources of inside and outside Beijing. Mineral aerosol, inorganic pollution aerosol mainly as sulfate and nitrate, and organic aerosol are the major components of airborne particulates in Beijing, of which mineral aerosol accounted for 32%―67% of total suspended particles (TSP), 10%―70% of fine particles (PM2.5), and as high as 74% and 90% of TSP and PM2.5, respectively, in dust storm. The sources from outside Beijing contributed 62% (38%―86%) of the total mineral aerosols in TSP, 69% (52%―90%) in PM10, and 76% (59%―93%) in PM2.5 in spring, and 69% (52%―83%), 79% (52%―93%), and 45% (7%―79%) in TSP, PM10, and PM2.5, respectively, in winter, while only ～20% in summer and autumn. The sources from outside Beijing contributed as high as 97% during dust storm and were the dominant source of airborne particulates in Beijing. The contributions from outside Beijing in spring and winter are higher than those in summer, indicating clearly that it was related to the various meteorological factors.     

微量元素与中医辩证分型

通过对两间小学639名学生进行微量元素检测及体格检查，并进行中医辩证分型，发现广州市部份小学生体内微量元素缺乏较严重，占体检总人数的62．3％，同时也存在营养不良，贫血、佝偻病，急慢性上呼吸道炎等、按中医辩证分型有肝热、脾气虚弱、肝血不足、肾气虚等，本文试从微量元素缺乏与中医辩证中找出两者之间的联系，以便于指导治疗，提高小学生的健康水平，增强体质和智力。     

警惕锌剂治疗的毒性和副作用

临床实践证明某些疾病补锌治疗有效，但也发现1％左右的人出现副作用，人类对锌过量虽具有耐受性，但据报道不管是急性中毒量，治疗量，还是常用的自选补充量，均可出现中毒症状。原因是锌与其它元素间有相互作用，特别是与铜的拮抗作用，所以用锌剂一定要严格掌握适应症、剂量、疗程，以免引起不良反应，影响儿童健康。     

微量元素对人体健康的影响

阐述了微量元素的生理作用以及对人体健康的影响和微量元素平衡的重要性，对临床医学及日常生活有一定的参考价值。     

Das Düsenschwellphänomen beim Austritt einer wandhaftenden anorganischen Glasschmelze aus Strangpreßwerkzeugen mit nichtkreisförmigem Öffnungsquerschnitt

Zusammenfassung Eine ausgeprägte Strangaufweitung tritt bei anorganischen Glasschmelzen dann auf, wenn bei schleichender Strömung eine Haftung zwischen der Wand des Matrizenkanals und dem strömenden Medium gegeben ist. Sie rührt dabei von der Umorientierung der Geschwindigkeitsverteilung von einem parabelförmigen zu einem kastenförmigen Profil her.In den experimentellen Untersuchungen konnte festgestellt werden, daß oberhalb einer bestimmten Kanallänge, d. h. bei ausgeprägten Strömungsverhältnissen im Preßwerkzeug die flächenbezogene Strangaufweitung konstant und dabei insbesondere unabhängig von der Profilform etwa 29% beträgt. Daraus wird gefolgert, daß dieser Betrag dem linearen Wert für den zweidimensionalen Fall des unendlich ausgedehnten Spaltes entsprechen muß.In einer theoretischen Analyse wurde die Berechnung dieses Falles ausgehend von der Stokes-Gleichung mit Hilfe der Methode der finiten Elemente durchgeführt. Aus der sich daraus ergebenden Druck- und Geschwindigkeitsverteilung konnte schließlich die Kontur des austretenden Stranges sowie dessen Endhöhe ermittelt werden.Ein Vergleich der experimentell und rechnerisch ermittelten Werte für die Strangaufweitung zeigt dabei eine recht gute Übereinstimmung und bestätigt dadurch auch die weitgehende Unabhängigkeit der flächenbezogenen Aufweitung von der Querschnittsform des Stranges.

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Inorganic glass melts are showing a characteristic die swell, when in the case of slow motion a strong adhesion between the streaming fluid and the wall of the die channel exists. The reason for this phenomenon is the rearrangement of the velocity profile from a parabolic to a box-type design form.The experimental investigations have demonstrated, that above a certain channel length, this means at distinct flow conditions inside the die channel, the value for the extension of the cross-sectional area is constant of about 29%. Particularly it is independent of the shape of the used die profiles. From this result, it is to deduce that this value must correspond to that of the two-dimensional case of the infinite extended slit.In a theoretical analysis the computation of this case was performed, starting from the Stokes-equation by the finite element method. By means of the resulting pressure and velocity distribution, the contour of the emerging rod and its final thickness could be determined.A comparison between experimental and computational results shows good agreement. So the appreciable independence of the magnitude of the die swell from the profile of the extruded rod is confirmed.

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A Fläche - a ^p ,a ^u Knotenpunktsvariablen für Druck bzw. Geschwindigkeit - a, b Seitenlängen des Rechteckprofils - B =L · N ^u Matrix - D Viskositätsmatrix - f Kräftematrix - K Schwerkraftvektor - K ^p ,K ^u Elementdruckmatrix, Elementgeschwindigkeitsmatrix - L Transformationsmatrix für den ebenen Fall - m Kronecker-Symbol für den zweidimensionalen Strömungszustand - N ^p ,N ^u Ansatzfunktionsmatrizen für Druck bzw. Geschwindigkeit - p Preßdruck - R Radius - T Preßtemperatur - t Lastvektor - u = (w, v) Geschwindigkeitsvektor - _A flächenbezogene Strangaufweitung - _R Aufweitung einer linearen QuerschnittsabmessungR - dynamische Viskosität - Dichte - D u/Dt Substantielle Ableitung der Geschwindigkeit nach der Zeit - T Transponierte einer Matrix (oberer Index) Vorgetragen auf der Jahrestagung der Deutschen Rheologischen Gesellschaft in Berlin vom 13.–15. Mai 1985     

L—氨基酸氧化酶电极的制作及电极特性的研究

报道了一种新的Ｌ－氨基酸氧化酶电极，这种酶电极系由氨气敏电极和以氨基化玻璃布为载体的酶膜所组成；研究了固定化条件对酶膜活性的影响以及底物浓度、温度和ｐＨ对电极响应特性的影响。该电极在６．０×１０＾－５～４．０×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的底物浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系，检测下限为５．０×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。在最宜条件下，酶电极具有良好的稳定性。     

Theoretical prediction of the contact distance dependence of the electron transfer reactivity of the ClO/ClO− coupling system

On the basis of the structures and properties of the ClO/ClO^? system obtained at the density functional theory (DFT) (UB3LYP) level, employing the 6‐311+G(3df) standard basis set, the electron transfer reactivity of this system is investigated. The results indicate that there are five possible stable coupling complexes that correspond to the generous minima on the global potential energy surfaces (PES). The most stable coupling complex is planar EC4, in which there is a O? O linkage with two trans‐Cl atoms. Their stabilization energies are calculated to be 20.57 (EC1: C₁), 20.54 (EC2: C₂, ²B), 20.69 (EC3: C₁), 20.70 (EC4: C_s, ²A′), and 20.69 (EC.5: C_2h, ²B_u) kcal/mol at the B3LYP/6‐311+G(3df) level; with the correction of the basis set superposition error (BSSE), the stability order of these encounter complexes is EC4 > EC.5 > EC3 > EC1 > EC2. Based on the five encounter complexes, five coupling modes are designed for the study of the electron transfer reactivity of this system. The dissociation energy curves at the activated states and the corresponding activation energies of these five coupling modes are obtained and are compared at the B3LYP/6‐311+G(3df) and MP2/6‐311+G* levels. The inapplicability of DFT methods has also been discussed in this article in predicting the energy curves, especially with a long contact distance, in which DFT methods give the abnormal behavior for the dissociations of the complexes caused by the “inverse symmetry breaking” problem. On the basis of the golden rule of the time‐dependent perturbation theory, the electron transfer reactivity and the contact distance dependence of the various electron transfer kinetics parameters (e.g., activation energy, coupling matrix element) have been analyzed at the UMP2(full)/6‐311+G* level. The electron transfer can take place over a range of contact distances, but the most effective coupling distance corresponds to only a small range. The coupling orientation analyses also indicate that the most favorable coupling mode to the electron transfer does not always correspond to the most stable encounter complex mechanism. Some highly energetic coupling modes are more favorable for the electron transfer. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005     

Biomimetic piezoelectric quartz sensor for caffeine based on a molecularly imprinted polymer

A piezoelectric quartz sensor coated with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for caffeine was developed. The MIP was prepared by co-polymerizing methacrylic acid (MAA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) in the presence of azobis(isobutyronitrile) as initiator, caffeine as template molecule, and chloroform as solvent. The MIP suspension in polyvinyl chloride/tetrahydrofuran (6:2:1 w/w/v) solution was spin coated onto the surface of the electrode of a 10 MHz AT-cut quartz crystal. The sensor exhibited a linear relationship between the frequency shift and caffeine concentration in the range of 1×10^–7 mg mL^–1 up to 1x10^–3 mg mL^–1 [correlation coefficient (r)=0.9935] in a stopped flow measurement mode. It has a sensitivity of about 24 Hz/ln(concentration, mg mL^–1). A steady-state response was achieved in less than 10 min. The performance characteristic of the sensor shows a promising and inexpensive alternative method of detecting caffeine. Surface studies were carried out for the reagent phase of the sensor using SEM, AFM, and XPS analysis in order to elucidate the imprinting of the caffeine molecule. The SEM micrograph, AFM image, and XPS spectra confirmed the removal of caffeine by Soxhlet extraction in the imprinting process and the rebinding of caffeine to the MIP sensing layer during measurement.