部分相干光在大气湍流中传输的闪烁指数

实验测量了不同空间相干度的部分相干光在实际大气湍流中传输的闪烁指数。结果表明：随着入射光空间相干度的降低,闪烁随光传输距离增长而增加的趋势变得缓慢,甚至出现减小的情况。此外,与完全相干光的闪烁指数随着径向距离的增加而增加不同,部分相干光的闪烁指数沿着光斑径向距离的增加不一定增加,而有可能出现降低。相干度越低,该效应越明显。     

单链表在离子发动机光学系统粒子模拟中的应用

 目前离子发动机光学系统数值模拟大多采用PIC方法,由于该方法需要跟踪单个粒子的运动,因此需要存储每个粒子的位置信息与运动信息。传统的粒子模拟程序中,保存粒子信息大多采用数组的方式,但是采用这种方式存在弊端,例如对粒子总数变化的自适应不好。基于此开发了一种使用链式存储结构的粒子模拟程序,该程序使用带头节点的单向链表存储粒子信息。使用基于链式存储结构的PIC方法对离子发动机光学系统进行了粒子模拟,验证了链式粒子信息存储方法在粒子模拟中的可用性。模拟表明：（1）在粒子模拟中采用链式存储结构存储粒子信息,无需预先指定最大粒子总数,程序可自适应粒子总数的变化,因此无需进行试算,节省了计算时间;（2）在粒子模拟中采用链式存储结构,由于不存在内存资源的浪费,因而可显著提高程序的存储效率与计算效率。     

电子束激励KrF激光放大器稳定运行的重要技术问题

介绍了用于天光一号高功率氟化氪(KrF)准分子激光系统中的电子束双向激励主放大器稳定运行中必须解决的一些重要技术问题：水介质脉冲传输线中的绝缘支撑击穿问题;大面积电子束二极管阳极膜的安装;与压力膜接触处Hibachi筋的形状;二极管后脉冲的形成及其对阳极膜和阴极发射体造成的损害等问题。还着重描述了主开关导通时刻对二极管后脉冲的影响及最佳导通时刻的确定。     

余弦高斯光束在梯度折射率介质中的传输特性

为了研究光束在梯度折射率介质中的传输规律,利用广义惠更斯-菲涅耳衍射积分法,推导出余弦高斯光束在梯度折射率介质中传输的解析表达式,对余弦高斯光束在梯度折射率介质中的传输特性进行了分析,并进一步讨论了介质梯度折射率系数和调制参数对传输特性的影响。结果表明,余弦高斯光束在梯度折射率介质中传输时,轴上光强分布呈现周期性变化,横向光强分布受梯度折射率系数和调制参数影响较大。余弦高斯光束传输时具有不稳定性,通过适当调节参数,可在空间某位置实现余弦高斯光束的整形。     

测量行波管电子注的法拉第筒的热分析

利用ANSYS软件对测量行波管电子注截面的法拉第筒探头进行了热分析研究。分析了在单脉冲情况下,测量各种直径的不同脉冲功率密度的电子注、不同脉冲宽度对法拉第筒温度的影响,研究了测量不同功率密度的电子注可以使用的脉冲宽度。结果表明,仅法拉第筒上的注斑区域温度迅速上升,温度梯度较大,其它部分温度基本不变,为保证法拉第筒能够持续正常工作,在单脉冲情况下,对于功率密度大于5×106 W/cm2的电子注,需使用宽度小于0.5 μs的脉冲,最好是0.1 μs和0.2 μs的脉冲进行测量,与文献结果相符。测量一定功率密度的电子注,需选择合适的脉冲宽度。另外,考虑热量的累积效应,分析了脉冲重复频率对法拉第筒工作温度和散热情况的影响。结果表明,脉冲重复频率设为10~100 Hz是比较合适的。     

线性变压器源驱动相对论速调管放大器的初步实验

利用新研制的紧凑型线性变压器驱动源（LTD）脉冲功率源二极管产生的电子束源,开展了S波段长脉冲相对论速调管放大器（RKA）的初步实验研究。采用无箔空心阴极和0.9 T恒流源引导磁场从LTD二极管引出了电压600 kV、束流6 kA、脉宽150 ns的环形电子束,该电子束经过1个同轴输入腔和2个同轴调制腔的调制后,产生了幅度5 kA、脉宽110 ns的基波调制束流,采用该调制束流驱动同轴微波提取腔,辐射输出了峰值功率820 MW/110 ns的辐射微波,效率28％,增益36 dB。同时,开展了重复脉冲RKA和相位特性的实验研究,重复频率10 Hz运行时,辐射微波达到800 MW/100 ns,相位抖动小于 20°。     

双曲余弦高斯列阵光束通过湍流大气传输的角扩展及方向性

采用积分变换,推导出了双曲余弦高斯（ChG）列阵光束通过湍流大气传输的二阶矩束宽和角扩展的解析公式,给出了ChG列阵光束与一束高斯光束具有相同角扩展的条件。研究表明:相干合成的ChG列阵光束的角扩展比非相干合成的小,但是,非相干合成的ChG列阵光束的角扩展受湍流影响比相干合成ChG光束小;相干合成情况下,ChG列阵光束的角扩展随离心参数、束腰宽度和相对子光束间距的变化均出现振荡,但在湍流中的振荡减弱,非相干合成情况下,ChG列阵光束的角扩展与相对子光束间距和光束数无关。     

Effects of physics change in Monte Carlo code on electron pencil beam dose distributions

Pencil beam algorithms used in computerized electron beam dose planning are usually described using the small angle multiple scattering theory. Alternatively, the pencil beams can be generated by Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport. In a previous work, the 4th version of the Electron Gamma Shower (EGS) Monte Carlo code was used to obtain dose distributions from monoenergetic electron pencil beam, with incident energy between 1 MeV and 50 MeV, interacting at the surface of a large cylindrical homogeneous water phantom. In 2000, a new version of this Monte Carlo code has been made available by the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), which includes various improvements in its electron-transport algorithms. In the present work, we were interested to see if the new physics in this version produces pencil beam dose distributions very different from those calculated with oldest one. The purpose of this study is to quantify as well as to understand these differences. We have compared a series of pencil beam dose distributions scored in cylindrical geometry, for electron energies between 1 MeV and 50 MeV calculated with two versions of the Electron Gamma Shower Monte Carlo Code. Data calculated and compared include isodose distributions, radial dose distributions and fractions of energy deposition. Our results for radial dose distributions show agreement within 10% between doses calculated by the two codes for voxels closer to the pencil beam central axis, while the differences are up to 30% for longer distances. For fractions of energy deposition, the results of the EGS4 are in good agreement (within 2%) with those calculated by EGSnrc at shallow depths for all energies, whereas a slightly worse agreement (15%) is observed at deeper distances. These differences may be mainly attributed to the different multiple scattering for electron transport adopted in these two codes and the inclusion of spin effect, which produces an increase of the effective range of electrons.     

Relation between Airy beams and triple-cusp beams

Airy beams and triple-cusp beams are two kinds of accelerating beams. The propagation characteristics and internal topological structures of accelerating Airy beams are well understood because of the developed mathematical theory about Airy function. However, limited information is available about the optical characteristics of accelerating triple-cusp beams. In this work, the relationship between Airy beams and triple-cusp beams is examined theoretically and experimentally. Results reveal some important optical characteristics of triple-cusp beams based on the optical characteristics of Airy beams. These findings are expected to provide a foundation for future applications of triple-cusp beams.     

Screening of aromatase inhibitors in traditional Chinese medicines by electrophoretically mediated microanalysis in a partially filled capillary

An electrophoretically mediated microanalysis method with partial filling technique was developed for screening aromatase inhibitors in traditional Chinese medicine. The in‐capillary enzymatic reaction was performed in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), and sodium phosphate buffer (20 mM, pH 8.0) was used as a background electrolyte. A long plug of coenzyme reduced β‐nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2′‐phosphate hydrate dissolved in the reaction buffer was hydrodynamically injected into a fused silica capillary followed by the injection of reaction buffer, enzyme, and substrate solution. The reaction was initiated with a voltage of 5 kV applied to the capillary for 40 s. The voltage was turned off for 20 min to increase the product amount and again turned on at a constant voltage of 20 kV to separate all the components. Direct detection was performed at 260 nm. The enzyme activity was directly assayed by measuring the peak area of the produced β‐nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and the decreased peak area indicated the aromatase inhibition. Using the Lineweaver–Burk equation, the Michaelis–Menten constant was calculated to be 50 ± 4.5 nM. The method was applied to the screening of aromatase inhibitors from 15 natural products. Seven compounds were found to have potent AR inhibitory activity.