吖啶橙-罗丹明B能量转移荧光猝灭法测定叶酸

研究了吖啶橙(AO)与罗丹明B(RB)间发生能量转移的最佳条件,在pH=6.80的Britton-Robinson(B-R)缓冲溶液,十二烷基苯磺酸钠的介质中,AO-RB间发生有效能量转移,使RB荧光大大增强,叶酸(FA)的加入使能量转移体系的RB的荧光强度降低,即发生猝灭.以此建立了利用AO-RB能量转移荧光猝灭法测...     

Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Navel Oranges from Different Geographical Regions of China by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry

There are three major production bases of navel oranges in China, including Southern Jiangxi Province, Southern Hunan Province, and the Three Gorges District of the Yangtze River. Southern Jiangxi and Southern Hunan are also famous for rare earth elements that are ionic, making them easily passed from soil to plants and fruits. To test the relative enrichment of rare earth elements in navel oranges from these production sites, ICP-MS analysis was performed following a microwave digestion procedure. The concentrations of La, Ce, Pr, and Nd in navel orange peels from Southern Jiangxi and Southern Hunan (1.26–1.86 µg g^?1) were much higher than results from the Three Gorges (0.23–0.46 µg g^?1). Moreover, yttrium is relatively enriched (0.25–0.29 µg g^?1) in navel orange peels from Southern Jiangxi at concentrations almost twice that from Southern Hunan (0.15 µg g^?1). The various concentrations and distribution of rare earth elements offers the possibility of traceability and authentication of navel oranges. Meanwhile, navel orange peels from Southern Jiangxi posed no risk in consumption, based on the maximum limit level (≤0.7 µg g^?1, wet weight) of rare earth elements in food issued in China (GB 2762-2005).     

Ion-Exchange Separtion and Determination of Mn,Co, Zn and Ni with Xylenol Orange as Post-Column Reagent

ABSTRACT

A method for the simultaneous determination of Mn, Co, Zn and Ni which combines Ion-chromatography and a post column reaction with xylenol orange is described. Using 0.07 M oxalic acid (pH adjusted to 5.5 with lithium hydroxide) as eluent, Mn, Co, Zn and Ni were first separated on a 4x250mm IonpacCS-5 column having both sulphonic acid and Alkyl quaternary ammonia functional groups and then transferred to a post-column reaction coil, where the elements react with xylenol orange. The coloured complexes formed were spectrophotometrically measured at 570 nm. The procedure has been successfully applied for the determination of Co, Zn and Ni in Al-bronze.     

Synthesis of a Cationic Polymer-Bentonite Composite Utilizing a Simple and Green Process for the Adsorption of Acid Orange 7 from Aqueous Solution

A one-step, green process is reported for synthesis of poly([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride) (PMETAC) modified bentonite (Bent-PMETAC). The Bent-PMETAC was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicated that large amounts of PMETAC were successfully grafted on the surface and interlayers of bentonite, and changed the Zeta potential of the sample from negative to positive. Acid Orange 7 (AO 7), as adsorbate, was used to test the anionic dye adsorption of the samples. The batch adsorption results implied that this novel Bent-PMETAC adsorbent exhibited a much higher removal (95%) of AO 7 than bentonite (10%). In addition, the adsorption process was hardly influenced by pH, which is in good agreement with the results of the Zeta potential analysis. The equilibrium adsorption isotherms and the adsorption kinetics of AO 7 fitted well to the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of AO 7 onto Bent-PMETAC was 208.6?mg·g^?1 at 298?K, which is much higher than for most other materials. Overall, the results indicated the Bent-PMETAC is a low-cost, simple synthesis and highly efficient adsorbent for anionic dye removal from aqueous solutions.     

高光谱荧光成像技术在识别早期腐烂脐橙中的应用研究

腐烂是发生在柑橘类水果中最普遍、最严重的病害,早期腐烂果的自动化检测有助于提高水果加工业的市场竞争力.然而,目前没有有效的自动化检测技术.以脐橙为研究对象,利用荧光高光谱成像检测早期腐烂果.最佳指数OIF理论用于识别腐烂果的最优波段组合(498.6和591.4 nm).基于最优波长的比图像及双阈值分割算法,识别率达到1...     

橙汁中卡拉胶的荧光光谱检测

应用多功能荧光光谱仪测得三种市售100%橙汁和鲜榨橙汁的三维荧光光谱并提取其特征参数,比较发现其三维荧光光谱及特征参数存在较为明显的差异,特别是在683 nm处。推断可能是三种市售100%橙汁中加入了食品添加剂的原因。在鲜榨橙汁中加入卡拉胶,检测得卡拉胶及加入卡拉胶的鲜榨橙汁的三维荧光光谱,发现卡拉胶为荧光物质。将加入卡拉胶的鲜榨橙汁的三维荧光光谱与三种市售100%橙汁的三维荧光光谱相比较,发现它们基本一致,并且其特征参数也基本一致,由此可推断三种市售100%橙汁均含有卡拉胶。本实验可为卡拉胶在橙汁中的定量检测提供一定帮助。     

橙皮中橙皮苷的分光光度法测定

建立了分光光度测定橙皮中橙皮苷含量的简便方法。橙皮苷和Al(NO3)3水溶液反应后生成的络合物在420nm处有最大吸收,在0—100μg/mL的浓度范围内吸光度具有良好的线性关系。可用于分光光度测定橙皮中橙皮苷。方法简单、快速,具有处理量大的优点。     

特征变量提取方法对脐橙皮中Cu元素LIBS检测精度的影响

食品重金属污染日趋严重,常规的实验室化学分析方法难以满足现代农业发展的需求。激光诱导击穿光谱是一种新兴的快速无损检测新方法,但该技术存在检测稳定性、灵敏度和精确度不高的瓶颈问题。本工作以江西特色水果赣南脐橙中的Cu元素为研究对象,探讨采用LIBS技术检测的可行性问题。首先对脐橙样品进行实验室污染处理,再利用优化的试验参数(激光能量120 mJ、光谱采集延迟时间1.14 μs、采集积分时间2 ms)采集样品表皮的LIBS光谱信息,然后利用AAS对激光击打部位果皮进行Cu元素真实含量检测。提取Cu Ⅰ324.7 nm与Cu Ⅰ 327.4 nm作为Cu元素定量分析特征光谱,建立Cu元素真实浓度与Cu Ⅰ 324.7强度、Cu Ⅰ 327.4强度、Cu Ⅰ 324.7与Cu Ⅰ 327.4强度之和的关系模型,并对模型的灵敏度和预测准确度进行了分析。结果显示,三个关系模型的浓度预测相对误差均在7.01%以下,最小分别达到了0.02%,0.01%和0.02%,平均相对误差分别为2.33%,3.10%和2.63%。试验表明,寻找合适的特征变量能明显提高定量分析结果的精确度。此外,该研究有助于为重金属元素在果皮果肉中的传输规律提供理论依据。     

果皮对脐橙可溶性固形物可见/近红外检测精度的影响

利用可见/近红外半透射光谱技术对未剥皮(完整)和剥皮脐橙的可溶性固形物(SSC)进行检测,探索果皮对脐橙SSC检测精度的影响。采用QualitySpec型光谱仪获取未剥皮和剥皮脐橙在350~1 000 nm波段的可见/近红外光谱,并从光谱和模型性能两方面分析果皮的影响。对未剥皮和剥皮脐橙平均光谱进行比较,并提取前20个主成分进行多元方差分析;应用偏最小二乘(PLS)回归结合不同预处理方法分别建立未剥皮和剥皮脐橙SSC的预测模型,对预测模型性能进行比较,并对预测集样本的预测残差平方进行方差分析。结果表明,在5%置信水平下,果皮对脐橙SSC检测精度的影响是显著的。未剥皮和剥皮脐橙SSC的最优PLS模型的预测集相关系数和预测均方根误差分别为0.888,0.456%和0.944,0.324%。     

催化光度法测定痕量钼──钼(Ⅵ)－盐酸联氨－橙黄Ⅳ催化光度新体系

基于盐酸介质中,钼(Ⅵ)催化盐酸联氨还原橙黄Ⅳ的反应,建立了动力学分光光度法测定痕量钼的新方法。本法检出限为3.7×10^-3μg/mL,测定钼量范围为0.025～1.8μg/mL;已将此法用于测定绿豆中的钼及钼酸铅和钼酸钡的溶度积。