建筑用梳形共聚物分散剂溶液行为的光散射研究

采用激光光散射研究了一种主链为聚丙烯酸侧链为聚乙二醇的梳形共聚物分散剂的一些溶液行为.从静态光散射得出了较为合理的表观重均分子量、均方旋转半径等参数.动态光散射给出了流体力学半径分布及其角度和浓度依赖性.结合静态和动态光散射,上述梳形共聚物分散剂在溶液中的构象也得到初步的表征.通过与描述梳形聚合物的Gay-Raphae模型进行比较表明,这类梳形共聚物溶液在低盐离子和低pH值条件下存在聚集行为,形成以PAA主链为核PEG为壳层的类胶束聚集.     

光静态散射测试系统的研究与实现

随着科学技术的发展,对粒子的大小、浓度及其他特性的探测已经发展成为一个专门的研究领域和现代测量学中的一个重要分支,而光散射法已经成为一种常用的粒子测量方法。为了满足应用需求,文中提出了一种基于C8051F500单片机的光静态散射测试系统方案,详细介绍了该测试系统的设计理论原理、硬件电路的设计依据、固件程序的设计思想和测试系统的具体实现。选取一定浓度的样品溶液,运用该系统进行光散射的角度依赖性测试,实际测量值与理论依据基本相符;在不同激光功率下,对同一角度的散射光强进行测试,将测量得到的数据分析,线性度良好,满足设计要求。     

Portable paper‐based device for quantitative colorimetric assays relying on light reflectance principle

This paper presents a novel paper‐based analytical device based on the colorimetric paper assays through its light reflectance. The device is portable, low cost (<20 dollars), and lightweight (only 176 g) that is available to assess the cost‐effectiveness and appropriateness of the original health care or on‐site detection information. Based on the light reflectance principle, the signal can be obtained directly, stably and user‐friendly in our device. We demonstrated the utility and broad applicability of this technique with measurements of different biological and pollution target samples (BSA, glucose, Fe, and nitrite). Moreover, the real samples of Fe (II) and nitrite in the local tap water were successfully analyzed, and compared with the standard UV absorption method, the quantitative results showed good performance, reproducibility, and reliability. This device could provide quantitative information very conveniently and show great potential to broad fields of resource‐limited analysis, medical diagnostics, and on‐site environmental detection.     

Light-conversion phosphor nanoarchitectonics for improved light harvesting in sensitized solar cells

Photovoltaic technology provides a promising approach for solar energy conversion. One significant factor limiting the efficiency is the poor light harvesting of solar energy, which is related to the mismatch between the energy distribution of photons and the absorption of semiconductor materials or dye. Light-conversion phosphors have been explored as spectral converters to improve the light-harvesting ability in sensitized solar cells. Many progressive studies have been conducted to expand the family of light-conversion phosphors and exploit their application in sensitized solar cells, bringing emerging opportunities to develop commercial sensitized solar cells. In this review, we survey the development of light-conversion phosphors in sensitized solar cells. First, the application and conversion mechanism of light-conversion phosphors, including up-conversion phosphors, down-conversion phosphors, up/down conversion phosphors, and long-lasting phosphors, are summarized in detail. After that, the challenging problems and possible solutions of applying light-conversion phosphors to sensitized solar cells are discussed. The review also highlights some new ideas in the development of sensitized solar cells and the application of light-conversion phosphors in other solar technology.     

Supramolecular Engineering Strategy to Construct BODIPY-Based White Light Emission Materials

Two kinds of 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) dyads BDP-OH containing 4-hydroxystyrene groups and BDP-PY bearing pyridinyl units were prepared. In addition, a naphthalene derivative NAP-PY modified by pyridinyl moieties substituent was made. The above three dyads could be used to construct white-light emission (WLE) material by a supramolecular engineering strategy due to their three primary colors of blue, green and red. The supramolecular correlations between the hydroxyl group of BDP-OH and the pyridinyl groups of NAP-PY and BDP-PY were confirmed by ¹H NMR titration, 2D NOESY and FTIR. A fluorescence monitor application was carried out based on the realization of WLE. This work might be useful for designing other WLE supramolecular systems and image display.     

Upgrade of beamline BL08B at Taiwan Light Source from a photon‐BPM to a double‐grating SGM beamline

During the last 20 years, beamline BL08B has been upgraded step by step from a photon beam‐position monitor (BPM) to a testing beamline and a single‐grating beamline that enables experiments to record X‐ray photo‐emission spectra (XPS) and X‐ray absorption spectra (XAS) for research in solar physics, organic semiconductor materials and spinel oxides, with soft X‐ray photon energies in the range 300–1000 eV. Demands for photon energy to extend to the extreme ultraviolet region for applications in nano‐fabrication and topological thin films are increasing. The basic spherical‐grating monochromator beamline was again upgraded by adding a second grating that delivers photons of energy from 80 to 420 eV. Four end‐stations were designed for experiments with XPS, XAS, interstellar photoprocess systems (IPS) and extreme‐ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) in the scheduled beam time. The data from these experiments show a large count rate in core levels probed and excellent statistics on background normalization in the L‐edge adsorption spectrum.     

光生物节律因子计算模型的研究

通过实验测量额头温度拟合光生物节律因子-额温差曲线,对现有评价光生物效应作用大小的BioEq模型和CLA模型的计算结果进行分析比较.利用不同图片LCD屏幕的光谱计算节律因子,发现两种模型对于绿色波段的光抑制较强,而对红色波段的光则与实际不相符.通过对九种不同颜色的LED光源测试额头温度,比较模型计算结果与实际光生物效应的作用,发现光生物节律因子与生理体征变化线性递增,其中对BioEq模型的直线拟合相关度达到0.95.     

基于大功率LED扩展光源的均匀光斑光辐射模拟器设计

基于边缘光线原理和光学扩展量守恒思想,结合复合抛物面聚光器和轴对称自由曲面透镜,设计并研制了大功率发光二极管扩展光源的反射/折射准直器.运用Tracepro软件对系统进行光束追迹模拟仿真和实验,研制出均匀光斑的光辐射模拟器.模拟器输出发散角为±12°光束,测量距离出射面50cm处光屏的光斑,在尺寸为14cm×14cm的光照范围内,测得光斑水平方向中心线上的光度均匀度优于4.1%,竖直方向中心线上的光度均匀度优于3.8%.     

A generalised model of hydrogen diffusion in metals with multiple trap types

Continuum modelling of hydrogen diffusion in metals, which accounts for both trapping and an imposed force field, is revisited. A generalised model of hydrogen diffusion and trapping is developed as a continuous interpretation of the discrete random-walk theory. A system of nonlinear equations describing the phenomenon of diffusion with multiple types of traps is derived without the assumption of a local equilibrium among hydrogen populations in dissimilar positions. Lattice-trap interchange kinetics can degenerate into local equilibrium as a limit case. Moreover, certain terms in general equations may be negligible in specific situations. By removing these terms, known particularised models of hydrogen diffusion and trapping are recovered. Determining the terms, which are disregarded in reduced models, enables a straightforward assessment of the applicability of these models. The advantages and limitations of particularised models applied to hydrogen embrittlement analyses are discussed.