Measurement of tropospheric CO2 and aerosol extinction profiles with Raman lidar

A prototype Raman lidar was designed for monitoring tropospheric CO2 profile and other scientific investigatious.The third harmonic of Nd:YAG laser (354.7-nm wavelength) was used as stimulated light source to provide nighttime measurements.Filter with high rejection ratio performance was used to extract CO2 Raman signals from Rayleigh-Mie scattering signals effectively.To improve the real time monitoring function,a two-channel signal collection system was designed to collect CO2 and N2 Raman scattering signals simultaneously. The N2 Raman scattering signals were used to retrieve aerosol extinction coefficient.Typical features of CO2 concentration profile and aerosol extinction coefficient in Herei were presented.The mixing ratio of atmospheric CO2 in Hefei can reach about 360-400 ppmv.     

用于制作光纤光栅的Talbot干涉仪的分析与建模

对用于制作光纤光栅的Talbot干涉仪进行了分析.当考虑准分子激光器的空间相干性和时间相干性时,几何光学中的光线法并不能给出Talbot干涉仪干涉场的真实强度分布情况,而通过光的电磁理论,则可以提供对干涉场的详细描述.基于电磁理论,建立了一个Talbot干涉仪干涉场计算模型,并首次将Talbot干涉仪的反射镜转角作为模型计算参数加以考虑,随后进行了一系列的计算.计算结果显示了干涉场的分布,同时表明空间相干性对Talbot干涉仪的近场干涉和远场干涉影响都很大,其中远场干涉对空间相干性的要求更严格,且对于远场干涉,反射镜转角的影响不可忽视.     

具有退化工件和老化效应的单机可拒绝排序问题

研究同时具有退化工件和老化效应的单机可拒绝排序问题,即工件的实际加工时间是与其开工时间和所在位置有关的函数,同时生产商可以通过支付一定的处罚费用而拒绝加工某些工件。在生产加工过程中,考虑对机器进行选择性维修活动来提高加工的效率;机器进行维修活动后将恢复到初始状态,老化效应也将重新开始。目标是确定拒绝哪些工件、何时进行维修活动以及接受工件集中工件的次序,以便极小化接受加工工件的最大完工时间与拒绝加工工件总处罚费用的和。证明得到了所研究的问题是NP-难解的,并给出了解决问题的一个全多项式时间近似方案(FPTAS)算法。     

惯性稳定平台扩张状态观测器/PD复合控制

为提高惯性稳定平台控制系统的稳定精度,在常规PID控制的基础上提出了一种扩张状态观测器与PID相结合的复合控制算法。利用扩张状态观测器将惯性稳定平台的各种内部扰动和外部扰动都视为总和扰动并观测出来,然后通过PID控制器进行误差反馈控制,从而提高控制系统的扰动抑制能力与稳定精度。以Lu Gre摩擦模型加入控制模型进行仿真分析,并通过北航自研的惯性稳定平台进行实验验证。结果表明:扩张状态观测器/PD复合控制方法具有高的扰动抑制能力,可显著提高稳定平台稳定精度。相比常规PID方法,扩张状态观测器/PD复合控制使横滚框和俯仰框的稳定精度分别提高了33.23%和55.01%。     

Analysis of the faster-than-Nyquist optimal linear multicarrier system

Faster-than-Nyquist signalization enables a better spectral efficiency at the expense of an increased computational complexity. Regarding multicarrier communications, previous work mainly relied on the study of non-linear systems exploiting coding and/or equalization techniques, with no particular optimization of the linear part of the system. In this article, we analyze the performance of the optimal linear multicarrier system when used together with non-linear receiving structures (iterative decoding and direct feedback equalization), or in a standalone fashion. We also investigate the limits of the normality assumption of the interference, used for implementing such non-linear systems. The use of this optimal linear system leads to a closed-form expression of the bit-error probability that can be used to predict the performance and help the design of coded systems. Our work also highlights the great performance/complexity trade-off offered by decision feedback equalization in a faster-than-Nyquist context.     

Common-mode noise rejection using fringe-locking method in WEP test by simultaneous dual-species atom interferometers

We theoretically investigate the application of the fringe-locking method(FLM) in the dual-species quantum test of the weak equivalence principle(WEP).With the FLM,the measurement is performed invariably at the midfringe,and the extraction of the phase shift for atom interferometers is linearized.For the simultaneous interferometers,this linearization enables a good common-mode rejection of vibration noise,which is usually the main limit for high precision WEP tests of the dual-species kind.We note that this method also allows for an unbiased determination of the gravity accelerations difference,which meanwhile is ready to be implemented.     

HL-2M 装置上汤姆逊散射系统中多色光谱仪的优化设计

设计并优化了一种新型多色仪。该方案中滤光片和探测器更加易于安装,缩短了光程长度,提高了对散射信号的探测本领,减少了透镜的使用数量,提高了多色光谱仪的传输率。通过数值计算,得到在200~20000eV 温度范围内多色光谱仪的通道数为7 是最优化结果。最后,对7 通道多色仪的相关参数进行优化设计,使用模拟退火法计算优化各通道干涉滤光片的波长范围。     

Dynamic controller design for a class of nonlinear uncertain systems subjected to time-varying disturbance

Inheriting advantages of both proportional-integral-derivative controller and standard sliding mode control theory, a synthetic controller design for a class of nonlinear system is presented. Regarding the architecture of the developed controller, it does not include model-based nominal control term so that the method eliminates complicated processes for system parameters identification and design of extra compensators. With simple gain tuning rules, the proposed control algorithm provides global asymptotical stability and is capable of alleviating discontinuous control switching considerably. A self-sustained oscillations phenomenon caused by the proposed control configuration is also further addressed. Simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility and applicability of the proposed approach.     

Quantum-like microeconomics: Statistical model of distribution of investments and production

In this paper we demonstrate that the probabilistic quantum-like (QL) behavior-the Born’s rule, interference of probabilities, violation of Bell’s inequality, representation of variables by in general noncommutative self-adjoint operators, Schrödinger’s dynamics-can be exhibited not only by processes in the micro world, but also in economics. In our approach the QL-behavior is induced not by properties of systems. Here systems (commodities) are macroscopic. They could not be superpositions of two different states. In our approach the QL-behavior of economical statistics is a consequence of the organization of the process of production as well as investments. In particular, Hamiltonian (“financial energy”) is determined by rate of return.     

声纳中具方向性宽带强干扰的实时抑制方法

声纳中具方向性的宽带强干扰严重影响远处舰船的检测。本文针对此问题,提出一种能实时抑制此类干扰的方法,它以保证干扰方向输出功率最小为约束条件,本文还研究了此方法对目标信号的性能影响情况。最后,通过对海试数据的处理,证明此方法在实践中比较有效。