基于FPGA的近红外实时透雾成像方法

针对雾天图像的退化现象,提出采用近红外波段成像和视频图像处理技术相结合的透雾成像方法。根据视频图像相邻两场直方图相似性特点,提出了改进的直方图均衡化算法处理雾天降质图像。改进算法简化系统结构,降低逻辑设计复杂度,节约了高速存储器部分硬件资源。算法经过MATLAB仿真验证,并在FPGA视频图像处理平台上硬件实现。实验证明改进算法增强雾天图像的同时满足标准视频图像处理25帧/秒的实时性要求,结合近红外波段透雾能力使雾天能见距离提高1.5倍以上。     

异面腔四频差动激光陀螺的色散平衡

为了减小异面腔四频差动激光陀螺(DLG)腔长变动导致的零漂,对DLG的色散平衡进行了研究.利用气体激光的经典理论,推导了DLG零偏与工作点和轴向磁场的函数关系,给出了色散平衡的理论证明.利用在DLG增益管上缠绕通电线圈,给增益介质施加大小可控的轴向磁场,通过驱动腔平移镜上的压电换能器调节腔长来改变工作点,做出了零偏随腔长和线圈电流的变化曲线.结果表明,零偏对腔长变化的灵敏度是轴向磁场的函数,当增益曲线的塞曼分裂量等于非互易分裂量时零偏对腔长变动不敏感.色散平衡技术减小了腔变动对DLG的影响,有利于提高DLG精度.     

电负性/价电子轨道能拓扑指数与MgB_2体系转变温度的关系

利用电负性拓扑指数mF和价电子轨道能量拓扑指数mX的0阶指数0F和0V分别计算了MgB2及其掺杂MgB2体系的0F、0V发现其与超导转变温度Tc之间有良好的规律性,转变温度高的物质在最佳掺杂范围对应的0F和0V分别为2.9034-2.9509和3.9218-3.8613内。因此本文就以0F0、V作为掺杂MgB2体系超导电性的一个判据来选取掺杂物及浓度以提高转变温度,为实验工作者今后探索更好的掺杂MgB2体系超导物提供了一个很好的经验借鉴。     

Optimally gain-flattened and dispersion-managed C + L-band hybrid amplifier using a single-wavelength pump laser

We propose a hybrid C-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and L-band Raman fiber amplifier (RFA) using a single pump laser diode. The optimum pump sharing ratio to EDFA/RFA is 1/10 with a total pump power of 660 mW. Using multiple fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with various reflectivities at different positions along the dispersion compensation fiber, the optimum dispersion compensation and power equalization for C + L-band channels are simultaneously realized. With an input power of −20 dBm/ch, the signal power variation among the channels is reduced from 9.8 dB to less than ±0.5 dB. Two pump reflectors are introduced to increase the pumping efficiency.     

一种水声信道均衡器的混合算法

水声高速相干通信中使用自适应均衡对抗信道在接收信号中产生的码间串扰。目前,1/2分数间隔采样的判决反馈均衡器结构得到了广泛的应用。本文分析了几种自适应算法在此种均衡器结构下的性能,结合浅海水声信道的特点,提出了一种快速卡尔曼滤波和快速自优化最小均方的混合算法,模拟及海试结果表明,该混合算法在计算复杂度、收敛速度以及稳定性方面都有很好的性能,已经应用到了水声实时高速通信系统当中。     

Performance of a Two-Bed Pressure Swing Adsorption Process with Incomplete Pressure Equalization

Incomplete pressure equalization (PE) is practiced in a commercial oxygen concentrator for medical use by adopting simultaneous PE and feed-pressurization for pressurizing an adsorption bed. In such a cycle configuration, extent of equalization during PE affects process performance. In order to assess the effect, performance of pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process with incomplete PE was determined by both simulations and experiments. In simulations, an equilibrium model was used with the assumptions of multicomponent Langmuir isotherms, isothermal operation, and no pressure drop through a bed. The required parameters for simulations were measured in separate experiments. PSA experiments were performed for a two-bed cycle with PE. Two kinds of pressurization, feed and product, were examined. Effects of purge amount and extent of equalization on process performance were assessed in view of productivity and light-component recovery. From the obtained results performance contours were constructed. 95 oxygen mole percent production from air with zeolite 13× was considered as a case study. In both pressurizations, an optimal specific purge and an extent of equalization for the productivity and recovery were observed, but with a different level of equalization. For a maximum productivity feed-pressurization favored incomplete PE, while a maximum recovery occurred at complete PE for both pressurizations. The simulations depicted well existence of optimum conditions, though they showed quantitative disagreement with experiments.     

Adaptive and efficient nonlinear channel equalization for underwater acoustic communication

We investigate underwater acoustic (UWA) channel equalization and introduce hierarchical and adaptive nonlinear (piecewise linear) channel equalization algorithms that are highly efficient and provide significantly improved bit error rate (BER) performance. Due to the high complexity of conventional nonlinear equalizers and poor performance of linear ones, to equalize highly difficult underwater acoustic channels, we employ piecewise linear equalizers. However, in order to achieve the performance of the best piecewise linear model, we use a tree structure to hierarchically partition the space of the received signal. Furthermore, the equalization algorithm should be completely adaptive, since due to the highly non-stationary nature of the underwater medium, the optimal mean squared error (MSE) equalizer as well as the best piecewise linear equalizer changes in time. To this end, we introduce an adaptive piecewise linear equalization algorithm that not only adapts the linear equalizer at each region but also learns the complete hierarchical structure with a computational complexity only polynomial in the number of nodes of the tree. Furthermore, our algorithm is constructed to directly minimize the final squared error without introducing any ad-hoc parameters. We demonstrate the performance of our algorithms through highly realistic experiments performed on practical field data as well as accurately simulated underwater acoustic channels.     

范围限制的自适应亮度保持多阈值直方图均衡算法研究

针对目前直方图均衡算法难以实现,且易造成亮度饱和等问题,本文提出了一种范围限制的自适应亮度保持多阈值直方图均衡算法。首先,对输入图像进行适当平滑,从而获得它的直方图峰值点个数（N+1）。然后,对Otsu算法进行N阈值扩展,并通过这种方法获得图像的N个分割阈值,从而按照此阈值对图像进行分割。为了能够最大程度地保持输入图像的亮度,利用输入图像和输出图像的均值亮度最小误差（AMBE）准则,重新计算了图像的均衡范围。最后,利用新的均衡范围分别对每一个子图像进行均衡。实验表明,使用本算法处理Lena图的绝对均值亮度误差为0.416 4,明显优于使用RLBHE算法的0.629 5。本算法能够获得更清晰的图像细节,同时图像的整体亮度保持的也较好。     

基于动态直方图均匀化的对比度增强方法

为增强显示设备进行视频信号显示时的图像对比度,提出了一种动态直方图均匀化算法,该算法根据对比度增强系数可实现在不同灰度范围内的直方图均匀化,达到不同程度的对比度增强效果。同时为减少进行对比度增强所需的帧存储器,开发出了一种快速简单的输入视频图像帧间相似性检测方法及电路实现,当判定输入视频图像具有相似性时,后续帧的图像采用前面输入图像的对比度增强映射函数。仿真结果表明,提出的对比度增强方法能根据对比度增强系数实现不同程度的对比度增强,有效地提高了显示设备的图像显示质量。     

基于平台直方图的红外图像自适应增强算法

针对红外图像的特点, 提出了一种基于平台直方图均衡化的自适应红外图像增强算法. 该算法通过自适应地选择平台阈值, 对红外图像进行增强处理, 克服了采用一般直方图均衡化增强红外图像的缺点, 同时算法的运算量远远小于其他平台直方图均衡化算法, 便于实时实现. 理论分析和仿真结果均表明, 该算法对红外图像具有很好的增强效果, 可较好的抑制背景的增强, 突出目标.