Inter-layer edge tunneling and transport properties in separately contacted double-layer quantum-Hall systems

A theory of transport in the quantum-Hall regime is developed for separately contacted double-layer electron systems. Inter-layer tunneling provides a channel for equilibration of the distribution functions in the two layers at the edge states. Resistances and transresistances for various configurations of the electrodes are calculated as functions of the inter-layer tunneling amplitude. Induced current in one of the layer by a current in the other is also calculated. It is shown that reflection at the leads causes change in the results for some electrode configurations. The results obtained in this work is consistent with recent experiments.     

On star and caterpillar arboricity

We give new bounds on the star arboricity and the caterpillar arboricity of planar graphs with given girth. One of them answers an open problem of Gyárfás and West: there exist planar graphs with track number 4. We also provide new NP-complete problems.     

基于方向信息测度的最小模糊度准则边缘检测

将像素点的方向信息测度作为判别边缘点的特性指标,借用Huang等构造的自适应确定分割阈值的思想,本文提出了一种基于方向信息测度的最小模糊度准则边缘检测方法。文中提出的方法,一方面由于采用了方向信息测度,可以很好地将边缘点和非边缘点区分开来;另一方面通过最小化模糊度,自适应地将给定图像的所有像素点按照方向信息测度分成两类,从而达到提取边缘的目的。实验结果证明,我们提出的方法能够很好地判别边缘点,有效地提取图像的边缘。     

Structure of propagating edge diffusion flames in hydrocarbon fuel jets

Direct numerical simulations with a C₃-chemistry model have been performed to investigate the transient behavior and internal structure of flames propagating in an axisymmetric fuel jet of methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene, or propane in normal earth gravity (1g) and zero gravity (0g). The fuel issued from a 3-mm-i.d. tube into quasi-quiescent air for a fixed mixing time of 0.3 s before it was ignited along the centerline where the fuel–air mixture was at stoichiometry. The edge of the flame formed a vigorously burning peak reactivity spot, i.e., reaction kernel, and propagated through a flammable mixture layer, leaving behind a trailing diffusion flame. The reaction kernel broadened laterally across the flammable mixture layer and possessed characteristics of premixed flames in the direction of propagation and unique flame structure in the transverse direction. The reaction kernel grew wings on both fuel and air sides to form a triple-flame-like structure, particularly for ethylene and acetylene, whereas for alkanes, the fuel-rich wing tended to merge with the main diffusion flame zone, particularly methane. The topology of edge diffusion flames depend on the properties of fuels, particularly the rich flammability limit, and the mechanistic oxidation pathways. The transit velocity of edge diffusion flames, determined from a time series of calculated temperature field, equaled to the measured laminar flame speed of the stoichiometric fuel–air mixtures, available in the literature, independent of the gravity level.     

Edge colorings of graphs embeddable in a surface of low genus

In this paper, by using the Discharging Method, we show that any graph with maximum degree Δ 8 that is embeddable in a surface Σ of characteristic χ(Σ) 0 is class one and any graph with maximum degree Δ 9 that is embeddable in a surface Σ of characteristic χ(Σ) = − 1 is class one. For surfaces of characteristic 0 or −1, these results improve earlier results of Mel'nikov.     

Irregularity strength of trees

The main result of this paper establishes that the irregularity strength of any tree with no vertices of degree two is its number of pendant vertices.     

超声辅助电镀的仿真与实验*

为了提高镀层的表面质量,提出了一种超声辅助电镀的方法。超声的空化与搅拌作用可以影响电镀的电沉积过程。设计了合理的换能器结构,并搭建了超声辅助电镀装置。通过对模型进行压电声学场与电镀场耦合仿真分析,结果表明：在硫酸铜电解液,镀铜时间60s,电压300V条件下,进行超声辅助电镀,镀层厚度分布均匀,镀层中部电流密度分布均匀,边缘最大电流密度是未加超声的2倍左右 。基于仿真结果,进行相同的实验测试,结果表明：超声辅助电镀可以提高镀层的均匀性,减少铜颗粒表面的杂质,提高表面的光洁度。阴极样品距离换能器头部位置在60mm左右,镀层质量良好。     

Edge waves in asymmetrically laminated plates

We study edge waves propagating along the edge of an asymmetrically laminated elastic plate for which the out-of-plane component of displacement is coupled with the in-plane components. A Stroh-like formulation is used to show that such a plate can support at most two edge waves. An efficient method for computing the edge-wave speeds is proposed and explained through examples.     

Interaction between an edge dislocation and a circular inclusion with an inhomogeneously imperfect interface

This research presents an analytical study of the interaction problem of an edge dislocation with a circular inclusion with a circumferentially inhomogeneously imperfect interface. The interface, which is modeled as a spring (interphase) layer with vanishing thickness, is characterized by that in which there is a displacement jump across the interface in the same direction as the corresponding tractions, and the same degree of imperfection is realized in both the normal and tangential directions. Furthermore, the interface parameter is nonuniform along the interface. In order to arrive at an elementary form solution, we introduce a conformal mapping function. Then the stress field as well as the Peach–Koehler force acting on the edge dislocation can be obtained from the derived complex potentials. Calculations demonstrate that the nonuniform interface parameter has a significant influence on the stress field.     

Deformation and reverse snapping of a circular shallow shell under uniform edge tension

In this paper we study the deformation and stability of a shallow shell under uniform edge tension, both theoretically and experimentally. Von Karman’s plate model is adopted to formulate the equations of motion. For a shell with axisymmetrical initial shape, the equilibrium positions can be classified into axisymmetrical and unsymmetrical solutions. While there may exist both stable and unstable axisymmetrical solutions, all the unsymmetrical solutions are unstable. Since the unsymmetrical solutions will not affect the stability of the axisymmetrical solutions, it is concluded that for quasi-static analysis, there is no need to include unsymmetrical assumed modes in the calculation. If the shell is initially in the unstrained configuration, it will only be flattened smoothly when the edge tension is applied. No snap-through buckling is possible in this case. On the other hand, if the shell is initially in the strained position, it will be snapped back to the stable position on the other side of the base plane when the edge tension reaches a critical value. Experiment is conducted on several free brass shells of different initial heights to verify the theoretical predictions. Generally speaking, for the range of initial height H < 10 the experimental measurements of the deformation and the reverse snapping load agree well with theoretical predictions.