基于流量测点的热网变动阻力系数优化辨识

随着供热计量系统的普及,系统可以根据负荷的变化进行调整,管网的阻力系数随即发生变化。对变动阻力系数进行优化辨识是了解供热管网实时运行状况的有效手段。提出一种基于流量监测数据的供热管网变动阻力系数优化辨识方法,并利用遗传算法进行求解。对洛阳市某小区供暖季管网实际运行数据进行验证,辨识结果的相对误差在5%以内。结果表明：该方法可以在只有流量观测数据时得到精度较高的供热管网变动阻力系数,为供热系统的运行调节提供指导。     

Event-based state estimation for a class of complex networks with time-varying delays: A comparison principle approach

The paper is concerned with the state estimation problem for a class of time-delayed complex networks with event-triggering communication protocol. A novel event generator function, which is dependent not only on the measurement output but also on a predefined positive constant, is proposed with hope to reduce the communication burden. A new concept of exponentially ultimate boundedness is provided to quantify the estimation performance. By means of the comparison principle, some sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee that the estimation error is exponentially ultimately bounded, and then the estimator gains are obtained in terms of the solution of certain matrix inequalities. Furthermore, a rigorous proof is proposed to show that the designed triggering condition is free of the Zeno behavior. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed event-based estimator.     

电阻应变测试技术中的温度补偿功能辨析

针对基于温度应变补偿的结构电阻应变测试技术,分析了结构温度应变的产生原理与结构温度应变的补偿原理,辨析了结构温度应变与补偿块温度应变二者的相互关联与差异.在此基础上,指出了基于温度应变补偿模式的结构电阻应变测试技术的错误在于:概念上混淆了结构的温度应变与补偿块的温度应变,导致了结构温度应变的错误补偿.同时,给出了正确实现工程结构应变测试的环境条件,以最大限度地保证了结构应变测试数据的客观性与可靠性.     

水溶液中Cr^3＋的火焰原子吸收光谱法测试条件的优化

为优化火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水溶液中的Cr^3＋的测试条件,分别采用单因素简单比较法、正交实验设计极差分析及正交实验回归方法考察了光谱通带n,空心阴极灯电流I,燃烧器高度h以及乙炔/空气流量比P对于仪器灵敏度的影响。结果表明单因素简单比较法获得的实验条件最优。乙炔/空气流量比P对火焰原子吸收仪器灵敏度影响最大、其次是光谱通带n,燃烧器高度h和灯电流I的影响很小。测定水溶液中的Cr^3＋时仪器灵敏度最佳的实验条件为：乙炔/空气流量比P=0.4;光谱通带n=0.2nm;灯电流I=5mA;燃烧器高度h=5cm。     

蒸发器出口状态热式测量的实验研究

根据热式感应原理,专门设计热式感应传感器,用于测量蒸汽压缩制冷循环中干式蒸发器出口的气液两相流动状态;热式感应传感器的测量数据与蒸发器出口流型、过热度等参数的综合比较分析表明:热式感应传感器可以辨识出蒸发器出口过热蒸汽、雾状流和二者交替三种流动状态.同时,实验数据表明蒸发器出口处于过热蒸汽、雾状流二者交替的过渡区时其换热效率最佳,因此热式感应传感器可以用于作为膨胀阀-干式蒸发器调节回路的反馈信号.应用热式感应传感器对蒸发器出口状态的随机性和周期性波动的测量证明:热式感应传感器动态性能良好,可以实时反映蒸发器出口状态变化.     

多通道扫描型红外光纤气体测量系统研究

提出了一种将声光可调滤光器技术应用于气体浓度测量的红外光谱系统。该系统以氙灯作为光源,TeO2晶体作为声光介质的色散元件,InGaAs光电二极管阵列作为多通道检测器,利用光纤探测和传输光信号,由计算机处理数据和显示结果。通过声光调制将宽带光变为单色光,通过超声射频的变化实现光谱扫描,可对不同气体进行快速测量,无机械调谐机构,结构简单。通过对甲烷气体的实验表明,该系统的有效光谱测量范围为900~1900nm,光谱分辨率为60nm,可用于对有害气体的在线检测。     

三线摆法测刚体的转动惯量所用近似方法对测量结果的影响

讨论了在推导转动惯量的测量公式时采用的近似方法对测量结果带来的影响,指出了减小其影响的途径.     

一种测量微量有机材料磁化率各向异性的光学方法

提出了一种测量有机材料的磁化率各向异性的方法。原理是利用掺杂对丝状液晶磁场扭曲费雷德里克兹转变影响的现象,将待测有机材料作为掺杂物,采用光学相位延迟法测量掺杂丝状液晶磁场扭曲费雷德里克兹转变阈值和过程,从而获得待测有机材料的磁化率各向异性。通过实验测量,从原理和方法上验证了测量方法的可行性。测得有机材料磁化率各向异性的同时也为有机材料的表征提供了一种方法。测量方法适用于无固有磁矩的有机材料。     

Runge–Kutta methods for first-order periodic boundary value differential equations with piecewise constant arguments

In this paper we deal with the numerical solutions of Runge–Kutta methods for first-order periodic boundary value differential equations with piecewise constant arguments. The numerical solution is given by the numerical Green’s function. It is shown that Runge–Kutta methods preserve their original order for first-order periodic boundary value differential equations with piecewise constant arguments. We give the conditions under which the numerical solutions preserve some properties of the analytic solutions, e.g., uniqueness and comparison theorems. Finally, some experiments are given to illustrate our results.     

Oscillation criteria for second order linear matrix differential systems with damping

Using a generalization of Sturm’s comparison theorem, some new oscillation criteria are established for the matrix differential system with damping

(P(t)Y^′)^′+R(t)Y^′+Q(t)Y=0${\left(P\left(t\right)Y^{\prime }\right)}^{\prime }+R\left(t\right)Y^{\prime }+Q\left(t\right)Y=0$