络合氢化物Ti-NaAlH4的制备与储氢特性

采用Ti粉为催化剂前驱体、预处理Al粉和NaH为合成原料, 通过机械球磨-加氢方法合成出络合氢化物Ti-NaAlH4, 系统研究了球磨保护气氛、球磨时间和氢化加氢压力等制备参数对其储氢性能的影响. 结果表明, 制备方法对Ti-NaAlH4储氢特性有很大影响. 与氩气保护气氛相比, 在氢气气氛中球磨制备的复合物具有更高的吸放氢性能. 在氢气保护气氛下, 随着球磨时间从6 h增至24 h, 复合物的吸氢容量和吸氢速率先增后减, 12 h时达到最佳值, 而复合物的放氢容量和放氢速率则逐渐增高; 进一步延长球磨时间会使颗粒发生团聚, 从而导致吸氢性能下降. 随着氢化加氢压力从7.5 MPa升至13.5 MPa, 复合物的吸氢容量(质量分数)由2.83%逐渐增至4.21%. 复合物球磨后出现的Na3AlH6中间氢化物相表明, 在氢气下掺Ti球磨对NaH和Al的氢化反应起到很好的促进作用.     

Influence of Cycle Temperatures on the Thermochemical Heat Storage Densities in the Systems Water/Microporous and Water/Mesoporous Adsorbents

The adsorption equilibrium of water on microporous adsorbents (zeolites of NaA-, NaY- and NaX-type as well as their ion exchanged forms) and on mesoporous adsorbents (different silica gels and composite material i.e. silica gel + salt hydrate) has been studied experimentally and theoretically. Using the Dubinin theory of pore filling the characteristic curves of the adsorption systems and other relevant dependences such as isotherms, isobars, isosteres and the curve of the differential heat of adsorption were calculated. For all systems investigated the adsorption were calculated. A_ads and the desorption potential A_des of the closed heat storage system were estimated. These values define the working range of the adsorption/desorption cycle and allow to calculate the specific heat storage density Δ h_sp. On the basis of Δ h_sp the different adsorbents were compared in order to select the optimal porous storage material for a given application. The presented experimental and theoretical investigations show that the adsorption systems water-zeolite and water-composites are promising working pairs for thermochemical heat storage processes for hot tap water supply and space heating of single family dwellings. The advantage of the water-composite system is the low desorption temperature (solar energy) the main shortcoming the low temperature lift. The advantage of the water zeolite system is the high temperature lift, the shortcoming are the relative high desorption temperatures.     

CaS：Ce，Sm的制备及性能表征

采用碳还原法制备了CaS：Ce，Sm样品，并研究了反应机理、还原原理以及灼烧温度对CaS晶格形成和光激励发光的影响。样品的XRD测试表明，采用碳还原法制备的CaS：Ce，Sm样品，具有纯CaS的面心立方结构，晶格常数a=0.569 4 nm，样品的激发光谱是峰值分别位于295 nm和461 nm的宽带谱，样品的荧光光谱是峰值位于503 nm、560 nm、600 nm和655 nm带谱，光激励发光光谱是峰值分别位于500 nm，565 nm和605 nm的宽带谱，光激励激发光谱是峰值位于1 150 nm的宽带谱。     

The detection of oxygen in magneto-optical layers with SIMS

The detection of oxygen in magneto-optical layers is of fundamental importance for the characterization of the stability of RE-TM material. The magnetic properties are directly influenced by oxide formation. Oxygen depth profiles are carried out by using the SIMS technique. A comparison with magnetic measurements showed a clear conformity. We were able to study the oxidation behaviour of various layers at room temperature and at higher values up to 250° C for several hours. It could be shown that aluminum is a successful material for the protection of RE-films against oxidation. The difficulties of translating SIMS counting rates into concentration values were overcome by using EPMA. Specially prepared reference samples were measured by this technique and could then be used as standard samples for SIMS.     

硝酸、硫化钠溶液浸取冷原子荧光法选择性测定土壤及河流沉积物中硫化汞

本文研究了饱和硫化钠溶液对土壤样品中硫化汞的浸取效率(其加标回收率达100%),以及用硝酸和硫化钠溶液对样品中汞的选择性浸取并研究了土壤中硫化汞垂直分布。提出了利用硝酸、饱和硫化钠溶液浸取,由冷原子荧光法选择性测定土壤及河流沉积物中硫化汞的新方法。用该方法对同一样品进行8次测定,其相对标准偏差为7.1%。     

金属元素在氢能利用过程中的作用

将金属元素分为主族、Ⅷ、镧系、其他d区等4个类别,综述了它们在氢气的生产、储存、氢燃料电池等3个氢能利用的主要过程中的作用。对现有研究结果的不完全统计表明,在元素周期表中除放射性金属元素之外的65种金属元素中,有46种金属元素以单质、合金、氧化物、盐等多种形式参与了氢能利用过程,包括作为载体、反应物、催化剂等,其中以铂系为代表的d区金属元素和以镧为代表的轻稀土金属元素应用最为广泛。     

Comment on papers by K. Shanahan that propose to explain anomalous heat generated by cold fusion

Dr. Shanahan has published two papers (Thermochim. Acta 428 (2005) 207, Thermochim. Acta 382 (2002) 95) in which he argues that excess heat claimed to be produced by cold fusion is actually caused by errors in heat measurement. In particular, he proposes that unrecognized changes in the calibration constant are produced by changes in the locations where heat is being generated within the electrolytic cell over the duration of the measurement. Because these papers may lend unwarranted support to rejection of cold fusion claims, these erroneous arguments used by Shanahan need to be answered.     

Sorption equilibrium of methanol on new composite sorbents “CaCl<Subscript>2</Subscript>/silica gel”

This paper presents experimental data on methanol sorption on new composite sorbents which consist of mesoporous silica gels and calcium chloride confined to their pores. Sorption isobars and XRD analysis showed the formation of a solid crystalline solvate CaCl₂⋅2MeOH at low methanol uptake, while at higher uptake the formation of the CaCl₂–methanol solution occurred. The solution confined to the silica pores showed the sorption properties similar to those of the CaCl₂–methanol bulk solution. Calorimetric and isosteric analyses showed that the heat of methanol sorption depends on the methanol uptake, ranging from 38±2 kJ/mol for the solution to 81±4 kJ/mol for the solid crystalline phase CaCl₂⋅2MeOH. The above mentioned characterizations allowed the evaluation of the methanol sorption and the energy storage capacities, clearly showing that the optimal applications of these new composite sorbents are the methanol removal from gaseous mixtures, heat storage and sorption cooling driven by low temperature heat.     

Simultaneous Determination of Four Active Components in a Compound Formulation by Liquid Chromatography

Summary A rapid and accurate LC method is described for simultaneous determination of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE), acetaminophen (AMP), dextromethorphen hydrobromide (DEX), and diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) in a compound formulation. Chromatographic separation of the four drugs was achieved on a Hypersil CN column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 m particle) by use of a mobile phase comprising a mixture of 3 mM ion-pairing solution, 2% aqueous triethylamine solution, and 2 M phosphoric acid, 68:48:88 (v/v), pH 3.0, delivered at 1.0 mL min^–1. Compounds were detected at 215 nm and the run time was less than 10 min. The linearity, accuracy, and precision of the method were found to be acceptable over the concentration ranges 6.1–36.4 g mL^–1 for PSE, 65.0–390.0 g mL^–1 for AMP, 3.1–18.6 g mL^–1 for DEX, and 5.0–30.0 g mL^–1 for DPH.     

Two-beam interference detection of the changes in fibre structural parameters during low drawing process

A Pluta polarizing interference microscope with a fibre stretching device attached was used to detect the changes in molecular structure that occur during the fibre cold drawing process. Fibres drawn with low draw ratios show different types of deformation mechanisms. The interference patterns recorded at different draw ratios are used to relate the deformation mechanisms with the measured structural parameters. Some optical parameters are measured such as; refractive indices nand n birefringence n, the polarizability per unit volume , the orientation distribution function f(θ), the angle θ between the stretching direction and the chain axis, and the angle θ_m which the transition dipole moment of the molecular species makes with the molecular axis (chain axis). Three polymeric fibres (Polyethylene terephthalate PET, Polypropylene PP and Polyamide PA) were used in this study and their interferograms are illustrated.