Fluorine-Directed Automated Mannoside Assembly

Automated glycan assembly (AGA) on solid support has become invaluable in reconciling the biological importance of complex carbohydrates with the persistent challenges associated with reproducible synthesis. Whilst AGA platforms have transformed the construction of many natural sugars, validation in the construction of well-defined (site-selectively modified) glycomimetics is in its infancy. Motivated by the importance of fluorination in drug discovery, the biomedical prominence of 2-fluoro sugars and the remarkable selectivities observed in fluorine-directed glycosylation, fluorine-directed automated glycan assembly (FDAGA) is disclosed. This strategy leverages the fluorine atom for stereocontrolled glycosylation on solid support, thereby eliminating the reliance on O-based directing groups. The logical design of C2-fluorinated mannose building blocks, and their application in the fully (α-)stereocontrolled automated assembly of linear and branched fluorinated oligomannosides, is disclosed. This operationally simple strategy can be integrated into existing AGA and post-AGA protocols to augment the scope of programmed carbohydrate synthesis.     

Stabilizing Liquids Using Interfacial Supramolecular Assemblies

Stabilizing liquids based on supramolecular assembly (non-covalent intermolecular interactions) has attracted significant interest, due to the increasing demand for soft, liquid-based devices where the shape of the liquid is far from the equilibrium spherical shape. The components comprising these interfacial assemblies must have sufficient binding energies to the interface to prevent their ejection from the interface when the assemblies are compressed. Here, we highlight recent advances in structuring liquids based on non-covalent intermolecular interactions. We describe some of the progress made that reveals structure–property relationships. In addition to treating advances, we discuss some of the limitations and provide a perspective on future directions to inspire further studies on structured liquids based on supramolecular assembly.     

A Spatially Programmable DNA Nanorobot Arm to Modulate Anisotropic Gold Nanoparticle Assembly by Enzymatic Excision

Programmable assembly of gold nanoparticle superstructures with precise spatial arrangement has drawn much attention for their unique characteristics in plasmonics and biomedicine. Bio-inspired methods have already provided programmable, molecular approaches to direct AuNP assemblies using biopolymers. The existing methods, however, predominantly use DNA as scaffolds to directly guide the AuNP interactions to produce intended superstructures. New paradigms for regulating AuNP assembly will greatly enrich the toolbox for DNA-directed AuNP manipulation and fabrication. Here, we developed a strategy of using a spatially programmable enzymatic nanorobot arm to modulate anisotropic DNA surface modifications and assembly of AuNPs. Through spatial controls of the proximity of the reactants, the locations of the modifications were precisely regulated. We demonstrated the control of the modifications on a single 15 nm AuNP, as well as on a rectangular DNA origami platform, to direct unique anisotropic AuNP assemblies. This method adds an alternative enzymatic manipulation to DNA-directed AuNP superstructure assembly.     

Electron-Deficient Benzo[de]isoquinolino[1,8-gh]quinoline Diamide π-Electron Systems

Synthetically versatile electron-deficient π-electron systems are urgently needed for organic electronics, yet their design and synthesis are challenging due to the low reactivity from large electron affinities. In this work, we report a benzo[de]isoquinolino[1,8-gh]quinoline diamide (BQQDA) π-electron system. The electron-rich condensed amide as opposed to the generally-employed imide provides a suitable electronic feature for chemical versatility to tailor the BQQDA π-electron system for various electronic applications. We demonstrate an effective synthetic method to furnish the target BQQDA parent structure, and highly selective functionalization can be performed on bay positions of the π-skeleton. In addition, thionation of BQQDA can be accomplished under mild conditions. Fine-tuning of fundamental properties and supramolecular packing motifs are achieved via chemical modifications, and the cyanated BQQDA organic semiconductor demonstrates a high air-stable electron-carrier mobility.     

微尺度水凝胶与组织工程

水凝胶已被广泛应用于组织工程、药物控释、生物传感器等生物医学领域。随着微制造技术的发展,在纳微米尺度范围内制备形状和尺寸与自然组织相匹配的工程化水凝胶为解决血管化困难、复杂组织结构模拟、多细胞接种等组织工程难题带来了曙光。本文将主要讨论微尺度水凝胶在组织工程领域的研究现状,重点介绍微尺度水凝胶的合成方法及其在血管化和复杂组织结构模拟方面的应用。     

Switchable sol-gel transition controlled by ultrasound and body temperature

Herein, we reported a new kind of naphthalimide-based derivative (N1), which could undergo direct sol–gel transition accelerated by ultrasound in 2-methoxyethanol. The gels are very sensitive to the body temperature in the range from 35 to 42 °C, which is the scope range of clinical thermometer. The gel-to-sol transition temperatures enhanced with the increased concentrations of the gels. The reversible gel-sol transition, together with emission intensity and morphological changes, controlled by body temperature and ultrasound could be repeated by many circles without fatigue. Therefore, the gel could be developed to an ideal sensor for detecting human body temperature.     

HL-2M 装置主机安装工艺分析与研究

在 HL-2M 装置主机安装工艺方案制定和项目建设过程中采用 CAD&CAE 设计工艺分析方法,根据 各系统功能需求和安装进度需求,多次优化了主机安装工艺方案,对各系统之间的位置关系进行检查并对安装方 案进行了计算机辅助模拟,最终形成了完善的具有可实施性的安装工艺技术方案。对安装工艺方案进行了全面分 析与研究,总结论述了基准网的构建和关键部件的测量、绝缘与垫层工艺方案,装置核心区域磁导率控制等问题, 对未来聚变堆的建设与发展提供了有价值的设计和工艺参考。     

ITER装置中IWS装配仿真设计及研究

内中子屏蔽层(IWS-In Wall Shielding)是国际热核聚变实验装置(ITER)中核心装置-真空室(VVVacuum Vessel)的重要组成部分.由于真空室结构复杂,各项性能要求高,根据ITER国际组织要求,其所有结构必须结构设计与装配模拟研究同步进行,通过对其装配过程的动态模拟,确定其各部件的装配关系,...     

表面增强拉曼光谱技术在多环芳烃检测中的应用

多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)是一类致癌性很强的环境污染物.由于PAHs分子不含有能与金属配位或键合的官能团,因此很难利用SERS技术对其进行直接检测.本文综述了近年来表面增强拉曼散射(surface-enhanced Raman scattering,SERS)...     

CERNOX CX-SD低温温度计使用方法

随着超导技术的飞速发展,超导装置运行过程中极低温测量技术成为一个重要的研究课题.国际上发展了许多特殊的温度测量方法,以精确测量绝对零度附近mK甚至μK量级的温度,同时对于需要具有较大温度变化范围的温度测量,例如从室温到绝对零度附近的温度测量也开发出了性能优越的温度计.在超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置的设计运行过程中,美国L...