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91.
Ammonia is a commonly used compound in the domestic and industrial fields. If ammonia found in wastewater after use is not treated, even at low concentrations it may cause toxic effects in the receiving environment. In this study, a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor (HDC) was designed with the aim of removing ammonia. The effect of parameters like different cavitation numbers, airflow, temperature and initial concentration on NH3 removal was researched. The potential of hydrodynamic cavitation for removal of volatile gases, like NH3, was assessed with the aid of two film theory mathematical equations. Experimental studies were performed at fixed pH = 11. Under the conditions of 0.12 cavitation number, 25 L/min airflow, 30 °C temperature and 2500 mg/L initial concentration, in 24 h 98.4% NH3 removal efficiency was achieved. With the same experimental conditions without any air, the HDC reactor provided 89.5% NH3 removal at the end of 24 h.The HDC reactor is very effective for the removal of volatile gases from wastewater and it was concluded that even in the absence of aeration, the desired NH3 removal efficiency was provided. 相似文献
92.
Study on the anti‐sulfur‐poisoning characteristics of platinum–acetylide–phosphine complexes as catalysts for hydrosilylation reactions 下载免费PDF全文
Jiayun Li Congbai Niu Jiajian Peng Yuan Deng Guodong Zhang Ying Bai Chao Ma Wenjun Xiao Guoqiao Lai 《应用有机金属化学》2014,28(6):454-460
A series of platinum–acetylide–phosphine complexes were synthesized and their anti‐sulfur‐poisoning characteristics investigated. In comparison with Speier's and Karstedt's catalysts, the platinum–acetylide–phosphine complexes exhibited both higher catalytic activity and selectivity for the β‐adduct for the hydrosilylation reactions under the same conditions. Furthermore, the complexes also exhibited a strong ability to resist to sulfur‐poisoning. This indicated that the alkyne ligands containing the silyl group had a strong impact on the hydrosilylation reaction. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
93.
《中国化学快报》2020,31(9):2487-2490
Electrocatalytic N2 reduction to ammonia is a fascinating alternative to Haber-Bosch process and also considered as an energy storage method. This work, Fe doped MoS2/carbon cloth (CC) has been studied on the electro-catalysis fix nitrogen indicating the doped Fe can indeed enhance the MoS2 material ability. Compared with MoS2/CC, Fe-Mo-S-3/CC not only increases 10 times in the rate of production ammonia, but also 5 times in Faraday efficiency. 相似文献
94.
添加Cl离子对VO-WO/TiO催化剂低温NO转化率的影响 《燃料化学学报》2018,46(11):1370-1376
考察添加不同含量Cl离子对浸渍法制备的Cl-V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2催化剂低温NO转化率的影响。随着Cl离子质量添加量从0增加到2.5%,Cl-V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2催化剂NO转化率先升高后降低,结合在含有SO_2和H2O的SCR实验结果,确定1.5%Cl-V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2为性能最优催化剂。在反应温度为149-362℃,NO转化率大于95%;在145-385℃,NO转化率大于90%。采用XRF、BET、XRD、TG、FT-IR和H2-TPR等方法表征了催化剂的物理化学性能和结构。结果表明,在反应气氛中加入SO_2和H2O后,催化剂比表面积和孔容均减小,副反应产物含有NH+4和SO_2-4。适量Cl离子可以抑制硫物种沉积,减少副反应产物生成,增强催化剂抗中毒能力。 相似文献
95.
碱金属沉积对Mn-Ce/TiO低温SCR催化剂性能影响 《燃料化学学报》2018,46(12):1513-1519
采用溶胶凝胶法制备了Mn-Ce/TiO_2低温SCR催化剂,考察了碱金属浓度与种类对催化剂活性的影响,探究了不同反应条件下钠盐沉积对活性保留分率的影响,利用SEM、BET、XRD和FT-IR对催化剂碱金属中毒原因进行了分析。结果表明,碱金属毒化后催化剂脱硝活性下降,钾中毒催化剂失活程度高于钠中毒的催化剂,2%钾中毒催化剂在160℃时NO去除率为62.0%,较新鲜催化剂下降29.2%。这主要因为碱金属毒化造成催化剂比表面积明显减小,且催化剂载体锐钛矿型TiO_2部分转化为金红石型,BET和SEM表征均说明碱金属沉积堵塞了催化剂表面的微孔。碱金属对Mn-Ce/TiO_2催化剂活性保留分率的影响表明,催化剂的颗粒粒径对其活性保留分率影响不大,碱金属含量减小、温度升高,Mn-Ce/TiO_2催化剂的活性保留分率增加,Na_2SO_4和NaCl对Mn-Ce/TiO_2催化剂的脱硝活性抑制作用大于KNO_3。 相似文献
96.
An unprecedented, high yielding, direct, one-step synthesis of vic-diols from alkynes has been developed via metal-free, open-to-air dihydroboration with ammonia borane. The electronics of the alkyne and the reaction stoichiometry are critical for obtaining optimal yields of the 1,2-diol. 相似文献
97.
Prakash Anjanappa Kumaravel Selvakumar Manickam Sivakumar 《Tetrahedron letters》2008,49(31):4585-4587
2-(Trimethylsilyl)ethanesulfonyl amide (SES-NH2) is an ammonia equivalent for the palladium-catalyzed amination of aryl bromides and aryl chlorides. Using these amine derivatives, it has been observed that anilines and anilines with sensitive functional groups can be readily prepared. 相似文献
98.
A log of waste oak wood collected from a Korean mushroom farm has been tested for ammonia percolation pretreatment. The waste
log has different physical characteristics from that of virgin oak wood. The density of the waste wood was 30% lower than
that of virgin oak wood. However, there is little difference in the chemical compositions between the woods. Due to the difference
in physical characteristics, the optimal pretreatment conditions were also quite different. While for waste oak the optimum
temperature was determined to be 130°C, for virgin oak wood the optimum pretreatment was only achieved at 170°C. Presoaking
for 12 h with ammonia solution before pretreatment was helpful to increase the delignification efficiency.
Presented at the 29th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals 相似文献
99.
Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation is used to study the adsorption of nitrogen at 77 K and ammonia at 240 K to represent weakly polar and polar molecules, respectively, on infinite and finite graphite surfaces. These graphite surfaces were modeled with different percentages of carbons removed (defects) from the top graphite layer. Increasing the number of defects increases the adsorption and the isosteric heat of nitrogen at low pressure. At moderate pressures the amount adsorbed is less due to the disruption in the packing of the nitrogen in the first layer. In contrast, the adsorption of ammonia at all pressures is reduced as the percentage of defects is increased. This is due to the disruption in ammonia bonding caused by the defects. The condensation-like step change in the ammonia isotherm on the perfect graphite surface is not observed for any of these surfaces with defects even for the case of only 10% defects. At high percentage of defects the adsorption isotherm is close to Henry law behavior for much of the pressure range. The adsorption on finite surfaces shows that the amount adsorbed for both molecules decreases compared with that of the infinite surfaces, resulting from interaction potentials with the surface and other fluid molecules at the edge. The decrease is much greater for the ammonia adsorption because the bonding between ammonia molecules is disrupted, meaning that the adsorption cannot follow the mechanism of condensation seen for the infinite surface. 相似文献
100.
Spent sulfite pulping liquor (SSL) contains lignin, which is present as lignosulfonate, and hemicelluloses that are present
as hydrolyzed carbohydrates. To reduce the biological oxygen demand of SSL associated with dissolved sugars, we studied the
capacity of Pichia stipitis FPL-YS30 (xyl3Δ) to convert these sugars into useful products. FPL-YS30 produces a negligible amount of ethanol while converting xylose
into xylitol. This work describes the xylose fermentation kinetics of yeast strain P.stipitis FPL-YS30. Yeast was grown in rich medium supplemented with different carbon sources: glucose, xylose, or ammonia-base SSL.
The SSL and glucose-acclimatized cells showed similar maximum specific growth rates (0.146 h−1). The highest xylose consumption at the beginning of the fermentation process occurred using cells precultivated in xylose,
which showed relatively high specific activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49). However, the maximum specific
rates of xylose consumption (0.19 gxylose/gcel h) and xylitol production (0.059 gxylitol/gcel h) were obtained with cells acclimatized in glucose, in which the ratio between xylose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) and xylitol
dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.9) was kept at higher level (0.82). In this case, xylitol production (31.6 g/l) was 19 and 8% higher
than in SSL and xylose-acclimatized cells, respectively. Maximum glycerol (6.26 g/l) and arabitol (0.206 g/l) production were
obtained using SSL and xylose-acclimatized cells, respectively. The medium composition used for the yeast precultivation directly
reflected their xylose fermentation performance. The SSL could be used as a carbon source for cell production. However, the
inoculum condition to obtain a high cell concentration in SSL needs to be optimized.
Prepared for 29th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. 相似文献