6-溴-4,4-二甲基二氢苯并噻喃的合成研究

提出了一种合成6-溴-4,4-二氢苯并噻喃的新路线,并对合成过程中的工艺条件进行了优化,得到了较优的反应条件.本工艺以溴苯为起始原料,经氯磺化、还原、硫醚化、环合4步反应得到6-溴-4,4-二氢苯并噻喃,最终收率为88.5%.除还原这一步需要较高温度外,其他3步反应均在50℃以下进行,既降低了能耗,又减少了副产物的生成.与已有工艺路线相比,本工艺路线具有成本低廉的优点,适合工业化生产.     

地区超市有时间窗口的固定路线运输问题

文章为一家本地超市设计了一套行之有效的固定路线运输问题方案，它的目标是在载量能力、最大允许行程时间及各分店营业时间和机动车停车时间窗口限制下的行车趟数的最小化、车辆利用率的最大化。也将考虑生长点、载量、可变需求和时间窗口对路线生成的影响。     

2,6—二氯苯甲醛合成路线述评

述评了２，６－二氯苯甲醛的合成路线，着重介绍了研制该化合物的最新进展。参考文献１５篇。     

Detrended Fluctuation Analysis of Traffic Data

Different routing strategies may result in different behaviour of traffic on internet. We analyse the correlation of traffic data for three typical routing strategies by the detrended fluctuation analysis （DFA） and lind that the aregree of correlation of the data can be divided into three regions, i.e. weak, medium, and strong correlation. The DFA scalings are constants in both the regions of weak and strong correlations but monotonically increase in the region of medium correlation. We suggest that it is better to consider the traffic on complex network as three phases, i.e. the free, buffer, and congestion phase, than just as two phases believed before, i.e. the free and congestion phase.     

猫运动的路线能确定吗？

前些天无聊时逗家里小猫玩,被小孩惊吓猫跑到了一梯子上,蹲在上面,由于地面光滑,梯子抵墙下滑,引起笔者思考,猫随之运动的路线如何,能否定量的刻画,为此,笔者将这样一个物理模型,转化为数学问题进行探究.问题1一定长的梯子,架立在光滑地板上抵墙下滑,一只猫正好墫在这架梯子的正中间,试问这只猫在梯子下滑过程中会沿着怎样的路线运动?首先,将问题转化成数学模型:     

炭黑颗粒及氟粒子辅助法合成多级结构MCM-22分子筛及其催化性能（英文）

以碳黑为第二模板剂在氟离子体系中一步水热合成了多级结构MCM-22分子筛组装体(简称为MCM-22-FC).考察了碳黑和氟离子对MCM-22分子筛形貌和催化性能的影响.MCM-22-FC分子筛是由大量片状晶体交错生长形成的组装体结构,其中MCM-22的片层结构更薄,在其固有的微孔中存在的晶间孔呈现大孔和介孔的特征.MCM-22-FC负载Mo后得到的Mo/MCM-22-FC催化剂在甲烷无氧芳构化反应(MDA)中提高了苯收率和芳烃选择性,并且提高了催化剂的寿命.通过氨气程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)表征,吡啶红外(Py-IR)表征,结合热重(TG)分析,得出的结论是Mo/MCM-22-FC在MDA中优越的催化性能是由于氟离子进入到分子筛骨架当中,形成具有拉电子效应的结构单元,从而提高了分子筛的Br鰊sted酸量,较多的Br鰊sted酸性位将更多的Mo物种迁移至分子筛孔道内部,形成更多的MoCx或MoOxCy活性物种以及更有利于大分子产物扩散的MCM-22薄片层的结构.少量过剩的Br鰊sted酸性位在成型后保留在Mo/HMCM-22-FC催化剂活性中心抑制了积碳的形成,也有助于改善芳烃的选择性.     

A passive-biped model with multiple routes to chaos

This paper presents a new passive-biped model consisting of a simplest walking model beneath an upper body, with no kinematic constraint. The upper body is attached to the legs with a linear torsional spring. The model is a passive dynamic walker, so it walks down a slope without energy input. The governing equations of motion are derived and simulated for the parameter analysis purposes. Simulation results reveal some different routes to chaos that have not been observed in previous models.     

城市迷宫

莉蒂是出租车司机,她正载着乘客在城市里穿梭。他们的目的地是游乐场。但是,有些路段交通不畅,你能为莉蒂画出行车路线吗？     

Methane formation route in the conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons

The influence factors and paths of methane formation during methanol to hydrocarbons （MTH） reaction were studied experimentally and thermodynamically. The fixed-bed reaction results show that the formation of methane was favored by not only high temperature, but also high feed velocity, low pressure, as well as weak acid sites dominated on deactivated catalyst. The thermodynamic analysis results indicate that methane would be formed via the decomposition reactions of methanol and DME, and the hydrogenolysis reactions of methanol and DME. The decomposition reactions are thermal chemistry processes and easily occurred at high temperature. However, they are influenced by catalyst and reaction conditions through DME intermediate. By contrast, the hydrogenolysis reactions belong to catalytic processes. Parallel experiments suggest that, in real MTH reactions, the hydrogenolysis reactions should be mainly enabled by surface active H atom which might come from hydrogen transfer reactions such as aromatization. But H2 will be involved if the catalyst has active components like NiO.     

旅游路线动态规划问题研究——以西安市出发为例

研究旅游路线动态规划问题,选取景区和所在市之间交通数据,构建飞机、高铁和自驾联合的复杂交通线路网络,建立旅游路线规划综合模型,以西安市出发为算例,利用Matlab编程并基于遗传算法求解,最终得出该旅游者十年内遍游全国201个5A级景区的最优旅游路线规划图.结论表明,通过获取的数据、建立的模型和算法可以有效解决多交通方式联动的自驾游路线规划,为更多的自驾游爱好者提供路线选择和个性化推荐.