Improving the precision of fluorescence lifetime measurement using a streak camera

Streak camera has high temporal resolution and high sensitivity, and is a powerful tool in biomedical study to measure fluorescence lifetime and perform fluorescence lifetime imaging. However, nonuniformity of the gain in the streak tube and nonlinearity of the sweeping speed limit the precision of fluorescence lifetime measurement, particularly when fluorescence lifetimes are short. We have constructed a two-photon excitation fluorescence lifetime measurement system that is based on a synchroscan streak camera and have developed accordingly a method to correct the effect of gain nonuniformity and nonlinearity of sweeping speed on the measurement precision. A continuous-wave laser of high stability is used to calibrate the gain of the streak camera, and a Fabry-Perot etalon is used to calibrate the nonlinearity of the sweeping speed. Fitting algorithms are used to correct the gain of the streak camera and nonlinearity of the sweeping speed respectively, which significantly improves the measurement precision of the system, as characterized through the fluorescence lifetime of the short-lived fluorescence dye, Rose Bengal. Experimental results show that the measurement fluctuation of the lifetime has been improved from more than 10% to 2% after correcting the effects of gain nonuniformity and sweeping speed nonlinearity.     

Intensity Distribution and Phase Vortices of Speckle Fields Generated by Multi-Aperture Random Scattering Screens

The intensity distribution and phase vortices of the speckle fields generated by multi-aperture random scattering screens are simulated, and it is found that the vortices exhibit layer-like structures and the dislocation phenomena occur in the local phase patterns produced by the two-pinhole aperture, whose phase distributions appear as striped structures. For three- or four-pinhole aperture, there are many circular bright spots appearing in the speckle grains, and there is one vortex between the neighboring circular bright spots. The positive and negative phase vortex lattices appear in the phase distributions, and the regions circled by the isothetic phase lines form irregular quadrilaterals or hexagons. Moreover, the relative positions of the vortices or bright spots can be adjusted by changing those of the pinhole apertures.     

扩展光源对测量误差的影响

目前,大部分高校做牛顿环实验时,一般采用的都是扩展光源钠光灯．因扩展光源可看成由无穷多点光源组成,可以增加等厚干涉条纹的亮度,所以教材上都指出用扩展光源做牛顿环实验有利无害,但很少强调扩展光源放置的位置和形状对等厚干涉条纹的影响．我们在牛顿环实验中进行探究式教学时发现,扩展光源放置的位置可以影响干涉条纹的形状,     

迈克耳孙干涉仪条纹计数器的研制

设计了电路简单、可自动识别条纹移动方向的迈克耳孙干涉仪条纹计数器。该计数器仅用9个常见的分立元件即实现了对光信号的采集、放大、滤波、整形的功能,并有效地去除了计数过程中的干扰因素。输出信号经条纹移动方向识别电路后,送入可逆计数器能自动进行相应的加计数或减计数并显示。     

基于条纹中心线的载波散斑条纹解调方法

针对传统傅里叶变换法在处理含有多突起的载波散斑条纹图时,由于存在频谱展宽会出现严重的解调相位失真,提出了一种基于条纹中心线的载波散斑条纹解调方法.根据载波调制时所采用平行调制方式和倾斜调制方式,分别从理论上对相关的中心线解调法进行数学推导,并进一步采用最小二乘三次曲面拟合法获得被测物面全场的离面位移信息.实验结果表明:利用上述中心线解调法和曲面拟合法能解调出复杂的载波条纹图,并获得具有亚像素定位准确度、连续光滑的全场离面位移信息.     

Real-time three-dimensional infrared imaging using fringe projection profilometry

Infrared thermography determines the surface temperature of an object or human body. It is a promising imaging technology for medical and biological observations due to its contactless and completely non- invasive properties. However, traditional two-dimensional （2D） infrared thermography cannot retain the spatial information, and thus provides only qualitative diagnosis information. A novel real-time three- dimensional （3D） infrared imaging system which takes full advantages of high-speed, high-quality, high- sensitivity, and low-cost in 3D thermograph is presented. We demonstrate the real-time 3D thermal imaging at the speed of 24 frmnes per second （fps）, with resolution of 640 ×480 points. Experimental results demonstrate quantitatively measurement of temperature distribution of 3D surfaces in real-time is realized with this system.     

基于Geant4-CST联合仿真的条纹变像管光电子产生与控制

碘化铯（CsI）光电阴极广泛应用于超快诊断中,光电子的空间分布、能量分布、时间分布等与条纹变像管的整体性能有着密切的关联。本文联合粒子仿真软件Geant4和三维电磁软件CST实现了对CsI光电阴极的光电子产生与控制过程的全动态模拟。采用Geant4软件对CsI光电阴极的光电转换过程进行建模,分析了二次电子出射能量、时间、位置、角度等发射特性;通过数据交互,统计了出射光电子的分布规律,然后将其应用于CST中建立阴极发射模型,并在CST中设计出一款弧矢、子午方向上放大倍率皆为2的各向异性聚焦条纹变像管。     

不同记录光强下辅助紫光对菌紫质薄膜全息衍射效率的影响

具有光致变色效应的菌紫质薄膜可用作可擦重写型全息记录介质. 在全息记录过程中,由于菌紫质薄膜对记录光的散射和反射引起记录光栅对比度下降,当记录光较弱时,这种影响较小,可以忽略;但当记录光较强时,散射和反射光对记录光栅的影响很大,必须考虑它们对光栅对比度的影响才能对实验结果进行合理的解释. 实验发现在不同的记录光强下辅助紫光对衍射效率动力学曲线的影响不同,当记录光强较弱时,加入辅助紫光可以提高衍射效率的稳定值、抑制峰值;而当记录光强较强时,加入辅助紫光除了提高衍射效率的稳定值外,还可以提高衍射效率的峰值. 关键词： 菌紫质 衍射效率 干涉条纹对比度     

光条纹中心的实时快速提取

在光电检测系统中,光条纹中心的准确、快速提取是保证系统精度和实时性的必要条件。采用大规模并行算法和串行流水技术,提出了一种基于Steger算法的串并结合的处理结构。该方法在比原算法节省大量逻辑资源的同时,光条纹中心提取速度得到了大大的提升。给出了基于FPGA的实现方法,提取精度达到了亚像素级。     

干涉条纹大数计数软件新方法及其实现

提出了一种根据干涉条纹信号过上升沿与下降沿阈值计数的异同及其起始和结束位置幅值判断的软件大数计数新方法,解决了在干涉条纹信号开始和结束位置可能出现±1计数误差的问题,进行了实现新计数方法的干涉测量实验。实验结果表明了该软件大数计数新方法的正确性。