溶胶-凝胶法制备BiFeO3薄膜的结构及物性研究

应用溶胶-凝胶法在Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si(001)基片上制备了BiFeO3薄膜,构架了Pt/BiFeO3/Pt电容器.采用X射线衍射仪和铁电测试仪研究了Pt/BiFeO3/Pt电容器的结构和物理性能.实验发现BiFeO3最佳的结晶温度为600 ℃,X射线衍射图谱显示BiFeO3薄膜结晶状况良好,原子力显微镜照片显示BiFeO3表面颗粒均匀.Pt/BiFeO3/Pt电容器具有良好的电学性能,在驱动电压为5 V的情况下,Pt/BiFeO3/Pt电容器的电滞回线具有良好的对称性,漏电流密度小于10-4 A/cm2,研究发现BiFeO3薄膜log(J)/log(E)关系满足空间电荷限制电流传导机制.     

电流变液的微波透射调控行为

依据外电场作用下电流变液结构由各向同性转变为各向异性及介电性能改变的实验事实,建立了微波穿透电流变液样品的理论模型,导出了微波透射率的基本表达形式.理论模拟显示:当电流变液的介电常量小于所处环境的介电常量时,透射率随电场的增加而增加;反之则减小.实验研究表明:电流变液的微波衰减(透射率)的变化可以通过电场来调控.分析认为在外加电场作用下,电流变液结构转变和介电性能的变化是导致微波透射率可调控的主要原因.     

PVDF薄膜铁电性能的调控研究

近年米,随着微机电系统(MEMS)地不断发展,对微型材料的柔性、可加工性以及电活性提出了更高的要求.PVDF作为优秀的柔性铁电材料而备受关注.为提高柔性PVDF薄膜的铁电性能,研究同时使用了三种方法:(1)在分子链中引入TrFE;(2)在溶液体系中掺杂低浓度的BaTiO3;(3)对薄膜使用热拉伸方法.考察了BaTiO3掺杂浓度和热拉伸温度对铁电性能的影响.结果 表明:三种方法均能有效提高PVDF的铁电性能;在三种方法的共同作用下,薄膜的剩余极化强度到达了19.8 μC/cm2.钛酸钡掺杂浓度过低会使整个体系无法形成致密结构,掺杂浓度过高会形成团簇,导致薄膜的缺陷增多,适当的掺杂浓度可以有效提高薄膜的铁电性能.此外,使用适当的拉伸温度使偶极子活动能力增强,增加铁电相的含量.通过三种方法对薄膜的铁电性进行优化,为有机柔性材料的电活性调控提供了一个可行思路.     

BaTiO_3包覆粉煤灰漂珠/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及电流变性能

首先利用原位化学氧化聚合法将聚苯胺包覆在粉煤灰漂珠表面(FAFB/PAn),再利用低温溶胶凝胶-水热法制备BaTiO_3包覆FAFB/PAn的复合材料(FAFB/PAn/BaTiO_3),形成内核为空心漂珠、外壳依次为导电层、绝缘层的核/壳结构.采用FTIR、XRD、SEM、数字式四探针以及LCR介电谱仪对FAFB/PAn/BaTiO_3复合材料的结构与性能进行分析;以FAFB/PAn/BaTiO_3为分散相制备的电流变液,对其悬浮性及外加电场下的剪切应力进行测试.FTIR和XRD结果证明了利用本文的实验方法可成功将PAn和BaTiO_3引入到FAFB表面.电导率测试结果表明,复合材料电导率为7.8×10~(-4)S·cm~(-1),相对BaTiO_3提高了近2个数量级.在1~2000 k Hz交变电场频率测试范围内,FAFB/PAn/BaTiO_3具有相对较好的介电性能:当f=1 k Hz时εr最大为598,随电场频率的增加介电常数逐渐减小,对应的介电损耗tanδ最大为1.14,且随电场频率的增加介电损耗逐渐减小,当f=200 k Hz时tanδ=0.75,后趋于平稳.比较了7天的悬浮稳定性发现,FAFB/PAn稳定性最好,悬浮率可达88%,而包覆BaTiO_3后与纯BaTiO_3相当,仅为60%.在电场作用下FAFB/PAn/BaTiO_3表现出较明显的电流变性能,即当E=4.0 k V/mm时,剪切应力达631 Pa,且具有较好的抗击穿能力.     

Effects of BaCu（B2Os） addition on sintering temperature and microwave dielectric properties of BasNb4O15-BaWO4 ceramics

The effects of BaCu（B2Os） （BCB） addition on the microstructure, phase formation, and microwave dielectric proper- ties of BasNb4015-BaWO4 ceramic are investigated. As a sintering aid, BaCu（B2Os） ceramic could effectively lower the sintering temperature of BasNb4015-BaWO4 ceramic from 1100 ℃ to 950 ℃ due to the liquid-phase effect. Meanwhile, BaCu（B2Os） addition effectively improves the densification of BasNb4015-BaWO4 ceramic and significantly influences the microwave dielectric properties. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that BasNb4015 and BaWO4 coexist with no crystal phase of BaCu（B2Os） in the sintered ceramics. The BasNb4015-BaWO4 ceramics with 1.0 wt% BaCu（B2Os） sintered at 950 ℃ for 2 h presents good microwave dielectric properties of er = 19.0, high Q× f of 33802 GHz and low vf of 2.5 ppm/℃.     

真空长寿命自润滑电刷—滑环材料的研究

根据人造卫星消旋天线用电刷－滑环系统的技术要求，用粉末冶金法研制出一种具有低摩擦、耐磨损、电性能优异的电刷材料，并以３种币银材料分别与之配副，在真空（７～８ｍＰａ）和室温至２００℃下，通过负荷、速度、电流和时间等对其摩擦磨损和电性能影响的考察，选择出最好的偶件材料是币银－３．试验表明，这２种材料配副时，３年的总磨损高度小于０．１ｍｍ，电噪音低于５ｍΩ，符合长寿命和高可靠性的要求，可以应用于人造卫星的太阳能帆板和消旋天线上．     

Magnetostatic Coupling in Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3/CoFe2O4 Magnetoelectric Composite Thin Films of 2-2-Type Structure

Ba0.8Sr0.2 TiO3/CoFe2O4 （BST/CFO） magnetoelectric composite thin films of 2-2-type structures are prepared onto Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by a sol-gel process and spin coating technique. The structure of the prepared thin film is substrate/BST/CFO/. . ./CFO/BST. Three CFO ferromagnetic layers are separated from each other by a thin BST layer. The upper CFO layer is magnetostatically coupled with the lower CFO layer. Subsequent scanning electron microscopy investigations show that the prepared thin films exhibit good morphologies and have a compact structure, and the cross-sectional mierographs clearly display a multilayered nanostructure of multilayered thin films. The composite thin films exhibit good magnetic and ferroelectric properties. The spacing between ferromagnetic layers can be varied by adjusting the thickness of intermediate BST layer. It is found that the strength of magnetostatic coupling has a great impact on magnetoelectric properties of composite thin film; that is, the magnetoelectric voltage coefficient of the composite thin film tends to increase with the decrease of pacing between two neighboring CFO ferromagnetic layers as a result of magnetostatic coupling effect.     

锂离子电池电极粘结剂的研究进展

粘结剂是制备电极必须使用的重要材料之一,其选择和使用显著影响电极的宏观电化学性能,其优化是制造高性能锂离子电池电极片必须考虑的重要因素。本文探讨了粘结剂在电极电化学过程中的作用机制,阐述了不同锂离子电池电极粘结剂的特征和优缺点,分析了锂离子电池电极粘结剂的未来发展方向。     

Structural transition, dielectric and bonding properties of BeCN2

By means of first principle total energy calculations, this paper studies the structural transition, elastic, mechanical, dielectric and electronic properties of BeCN₂. The calculations in total energy indicate that under ambient condition, the orthorhombic BeSiN₂-type BeCN₂ (space group Pna2₁) is a more favoured structure than the tetragonal chalcopyrite-type one (space group I-42d). The results of elastic properties reveal that BeCN₂ in both orthorhombic and tetragonal structure has higher bulk and shear moduli and smaller Poisson's ratio. The calculated Vicker hardness of tetragonal phase is 36.8 GPa, indicating a hard material. The analyses of electronic structure and electron density difference demonstrate that these excellent mechanical properties are attributed to the stronger covalent-bonding of CN₄ and BeN₄ subunits in BeCN₂ crystal. Also, the orthorhombic BeCN₂ phase is found to be a transparent semiconductor material with the calculated direct band gap of about 5.56 eV, superior to the indirect band gap of diamond and c-BN. Moreover, it also calculates Born effective charges and dielectric constants of BeCN₂. These results suggest that BeCN₂ may have some useful applications as optoelectronic, optical window and wear resistant materials.