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51.
Bioartificial liver support system (BALS) has the potential to provide temporary support for patients with fulminant hepatic failure and consist of viable hepatocytes and scaffolding materials for hepatocytes attachment. Various scaffolding materials are used in BALS, including chitosan,which is easily obtained by deacetylation of chitin and widely applied in biomedical applications. In this paper, we introduce and discuses chitosan-based biomaterials for BALS application. 相似文献
53.
为实现光合细菌(PSB)产氢过程的光分频利用,用六硼化镧(LaB_6)和壳聚糖制备了光热转换发光发热生物材料,研究了不同LaB_6纳米颗粒的生物材料在可见光下的吸光特性和光热转换特性。研究发现:该生物材料能较好地透过510~650 nm波长的光为PSB产氢供给光能,而其他波段的光用于激发LaB_6粒子产热为PSB提供热能。LaB_6纳米颗粒的吸光度及光热转换能力受颗粒尺寸影响显著,当生物材料中LaB_6颗粒平均水力直径为295 nm时,12 min内的温升速率为0.41℃/min,是载玻片的5.4倍。 相似文献
54.
Scientists have increasingly been turning their attentions to searching for inspirations from the splendid living world in order to solve various challenging problems of technologically importance. Rapid advances in observation techniques and computational ability will make it a reality to understand, at different time and space scales, the functions, 相似文献
56.
Markus J. Buehler 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》2010,23(6):471-483
The world of natural materials and structures provides an abundance of applications in which mechanics is a critical issue for our understanding of functional material properties. In particular, the mechanical properties of biological materials and structures play an important role in virtually all physiological processes and at all scales, from the molecular and nanoscale to the macroscale, linking research fields as diverse as genetics to structural mechanics in an approach referred to as materiomics. Example cases that illustrate the importance of mechanics in biology include mechanical support provided by materials like bone, the facilitation of locomotion capabilities by muscle and tendon, or the protection against environmental impact by materials as the skin or armors. In this article we review recent progress and case studies, relevant for a variety of applications that range from medicine to civil engineering. We demonstrate the importance of fundamental mechanistic insight at multiple time- and length-scales to arrive at a systematic understanding of materials and structures in biology, in the context of both physiological and disease states and for the development of de novo biomaterials. Three particularly intriguing issues that will be discussed here include: First, the capacity of biological systems to turn weakness to strength through the utilization of multiple structural levels within the universality-diversity paradigm. Second, material breakdown in extreme and disease conditions. And third, we review an example where the hierarchical design paradigm found in natural protein materials has been applied in the development of a novel hiomaterial based on amyloid protein. 相似文献
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