动态冰浆传热特性的研究

动态冰浆由于具有较强的蓄能和传热能力,日益受到人们的重视。文中建立了动态冰浆传热特性的数理模型,并利用已知的载流溶液和冰晶的物性参数,得到了动态冰浆在水平直管、等热流加热条件下的传热系数,根据计算结果,分析了传热系数随着冰浆浓度的变化的规律和冰浆流速和管径对动态冰浆传热性能的影响。     

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Water Confined in Carbon Nanotubes

Molecular dynamics simulations are performed for water confined in carbon nanotubes with various diameters （11.0-13.8 A ）. The simulations under an isobaric pressure （one atmosphere） by lowering temperatures from 300 K to 190K are carried out. Water molecules within variously sized tubes tend to transform from disorder to order with different configurations （four-water-molecule ring, six-water-molecule ring and seven-water-molecule ring） at phase transition temperatures, which may be lowered by the increasing tube radius. It is also found that the configurations of water in （10, 10） tube are not unique （seven-molecule ring and seven-molecule ring plus water chain）.     

Perturbation Analysis on Guided Waves in a Fluid-Filled Borehole Surrounded by a Cubic Crystal Anisotropic Medium

The perturbation method is employed to analyse the guided waves in a borehole surrounded by a cubic crystal medium for the first time. The cubic crystal medium is regarded as a reference unperturbed isotropic state added to the perturbation. The dispersion characteristics of Stoneley wave, pseudo-Rayleigh wave, flexural wave, and screw wave are investigated in detail. It is found that dispersion of the guided waves excited by monopole and dipole sources does not depend on the azimuth of the source, whereas the dispersion of screw wave excited by quadrupole source is significantly related to the azimuth of the source. Screw waves propagated along different azimuth in the borehole can be split. This is different from screw waves in transversely isotropic media （hexagonal crystal）, which have been widely studied.     

Van der Waals状态方程可压缩多流体流动的PPM方法

基于流体体积分数的混合型多流体数值模型，将Piecewise Parabolic Method（PPM）方法应用于可压缩多流体流动的数值模拟，采用双波近似求解多流体van der Waals状态方程的Riemann问题．模拟高密度比且含有激波的可压缩多流体流动，典型的纯界面平移问题模拟结果表明，在接触间断的界面附近，压力和速度没有任何的振荡且界面数值耗散都被控制在2—3个网格之内；一维和二维算例表明，该数值方法可以有效地处理接触间断、激波和多维滑移线等物理问题，并能够比其它多流体数值方法更精细地模拟多流体交界面．     

含相变微粒流体热对流启动的Galerkin解

采用Bubnov-Galerkin方法对有恒壁温条件下,两平板间夹有含相变颗粒流体的自然对流热启动瑞利数进行了近似解析求解,求出了临界瑞利数Racr和波频数kcr随相变物质浓度,以及在相变温度范围内随加热表面温度的解析关系表达式.从而,为实现该类功能性潜热流体的自然对流传热强化,及其优化控制蓄热过程有理论指导意义.     

Convection-Dominated Accretion Flows with Radiative Cooling

By numerically solving the set of basic equations describing black hole accretion flows with low accretion rates, we show that although the dynamical structure of these flows is essentially unaffected by radiative processes in comparison with the case in which the radiation is not considered, the radiative cooling can be more important than the advective cooling in the flow＇s convection-dominated zone, and this result may have implications to distinguish observationally convection-dominated accretion flows from advection-dominated accretion flows.     

Superfluid-Mott-Insulator Phase Transition Phases of Bosons in an and Collective Fluctuations in both Optical Lattice

The Bose Hubbard model describing interacting bosons in an optical lattice is reduced to a simple spin-1 XY model with single-ion anisotropy in the vicinity of the Mott phase. In the strong coupling Mott insulating regime, we propose a mean t~eld theory based on a constraint SU（3） pseudo-boson representation on the effective model and discuss the excitation spectra and the phase transition to the superfluid state. Further to the superfluid phase, we use the coherent-state approach to derive the collective excitation modes. It is found that the Mort phase has two degenerate gapped quadratic excitation spectra which graduate into two degenerate gapless linear ones at the transition point, and one gapless linear mode with one gapped quadratic mode in the superfluid phase.     

Vapour-to-Liquid Nucleation in Associating Lennard-Jones Fluids with Multiple Association Sites

The excess Helmholtz free energy functional for associating Lennard-Jones （L J） fluid is formulated in terms of a weighted density approximation for short-ranged interactions and a Weeks-Chandler-Andersen approximation for long-range attraction. Within the framework of density functional theory, phase equilibria, vapour-liquid surface tension and vapour-liquid nucleation properties including the density profile, work of formation, excess number of particles and critical supersaturation are investigated for associating LJ fluids with different numbers of association sites （M =1,2, 3, 4） per particle. The influences of association energy and association sites on phase equilibria, surface tension and vapour-liquid nucleation properties are discussed.     

Cr原子气的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚——量子铁磁流体

具有电偶极矩或磁偶极矩的原子（或分子）气，在逼近绝对零度的降温过程中，可能发生对称破缺的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚（BEC）．最近，来自德国斯图加特大学物理研究所的Lahaye等，对^52Cr原子气首次实现了伴有强偶极相互作用的BEC．^52Cr原子气的各向同性BEC，已于2005年被实现（A．Griesmaier et al．Phys．Rev．Lett．2005，94：160401），Lahaye等的创新之处在于：通过Feshbach共振，减弱原子间通常的接触相互作用，以至于^52Cr原子间的各向异性磁偶极相互作用相对于前者大大增强．     

植物导水模型初探

目前世界上对于植物长距离水分运输的微观机理假说存在争论。据此本文初步讨论了植物的导水模型。从流体力学角度讨论了水分在植物体内的运动状态,得出导管中的水分流动是在层流的状态下进行,且必须考虑粘性的作用;通过分析流体的层流运动,建立了导管中一维的流体模型,并简化导管以连续的梯形圆柱排列;分析受力,列出N-S方程,并求解出了一维导管模型的半径与压力梯度和各节管长的关系表达式。研究结果表明,模型中每一节导管的水受力都是平衡的,且各节之间相互独立。