Effect of Cationic Lipid Nanoparticle Loaded siRNA with Stearylamine against Chikungunya Virus

Chikungunya is an infectious disease caused by mosquito-transmitted chikungunya virus (CHIKV). It was reported that NS1 and E2 siRNAs administration demonstrated CHIKV inhibition in in vitro as well as in vivo systems. Cationic lipids are promising for designing safe non-viral vectors and are beneficial in treating chikungunya. In this study, nanodelivery systems (hybrid polymeric/solid lipid nanoparticles) using cationic lipids (stearylamine, C9 lipid, and dioctadecylamine) and polymers (branched PEI-g-PEG -PEG) were prepared, characterized, and complexed with siRNA. The four developed delivery systems (F1, F2, F3, and F4) were assessed for stability and potential toxicities against CHIKV. In comparison to the other nanodelivery systems, F4 containing stearylamine (Octadecylamine; ODA), with an induced optimum cationic charge of 45.7 mV in the range of 152.1 nm, allowed maximum siRNA complexation, better stability, and higher transfection, with strong inhibition against the E2 and NS1 genes of CHIKV. The study concludes that cationic lipid-like ODA with ease of synthesis and characterization showed maximum complexation by structural condensation of siRNA owing to high transfection alone. Synergistic inhibition of CHIKV along with siRNA was demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo models. Therefore, ODA-based cationic lipid nanoparticles can be explored as safe, potent, and efficient nonviral vectors overcoming siRNA in vivo complexities against chikungunya.     

基于碳水化合物的阳离子聚合物载体在基因释放中的应用

在基因治疗中,基因释放载体是不可缺少的重要组成部分.近几年来聚合物基因释放载体的研究主要旨在开发低毒或无毒的阳离子聚合物用于安全有效的基因释放.作为一类天然化合物,基于碳水化合物的阳离子聚合物载体由于其良好的生物相容性和低毒性被广泛地研究并应用于基因释放.本文阐述了聚合物基因释放的机理,并对近几年来一些典型的含碳水化合物的阳离子聚合物基因释放载体作一综述.     

On rank awareness,thresholding, and MUSIC for joint sparse recovery

This letter establishes sufficient conditions for the sparse multiple measurement vector (MMV) or row-sparse matrix approximation problem for the Rank Aware Row Thresholding (RART) algorithm. Using the rank aware selection operator to define RART results in discrete MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) from array signal processing. When the sensing matrix is drawn from the random Gaussian matrix ensemble, we establish that the rank of the row-sparse measurement matrix in the noiseless row-sparse recovery problem allows RART (MUSIC) to reduce the effect of the $\log (n)$ penalty term that is present in traditional compressed sensing results and simultaneously provides a row-rank deficient recovery result for MUSIC. Empirical evidence shows that Thresholding closely matches RART in successful row-sparse approximation. The theoretical and empirical evidence provides further support for the conjecture that the thresholding operator in more sophisticated greedy algorithms is the source of their observed rank awareness.     

THE EQUATION OF MOTION FOR THE SYSTEM OF THE VARIABLE MASS IN THE NON－LINEAR NON－HOLONOMIC SPACE

ＴＨＥＥＱＵＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＭＯＴＩＯＮＦＯＲＴＨＥＳＹＳＴＥＭＯＦＴＨＥＶＡＲＩＡＢＬＥ　ＡＳＳＩＮＴＨＥＮＯＮ－ＬＩＮＥＡＲＮＯＮ－ＨＯＬＯＮＯＭＩＣＳＰＡＣＥＴＨＥＥＱＵＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＭＯＴＩＯＮＦＯＲＴＨＥＳＹＳＴＥＭＯＦＴＨＥＶＡＲＩＡＢＬＥ...     

Minimum distance estimation in linear regression with unknown error distributions

This paper discusses minimum distance (m.d.) estimators of the paramter vector in the multiple linear regression model when the distributions of errors are unknown. These estimators are defined in terms of L₂-distances involving certain weighted empirical processes. Their finite sample properties and asymptotic behavior under heteroscedastic, symmetric and asymmetric errors are discussed. Some robustness properties of these estimators are also studied.     

随机向量自正则和的重对数律

本文给出了独立随机向量序列自正则和的重对数律成立的一个充分条件.     

最大无关组判定定理及其它

本文给出了一个判定最大无关组的充要性定理，同时对用矩阵的行变换求最大无关组这一问题进行了点滴分析并介绍了一个解齐次线性方程组的简便方法。     

Multiple regression on stable vectors

We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the linearity of multiple regression on a general stable vector, along with a sufficient condition for the finiteness of the conditional absolute moment when 0 < α ≤ 1.     

Asymptotic analysis of nonselfadjoint operators generated by coupled Euler‐Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam model

In the current paper, we present a series of results on the asymptotic and spectral analysis of coupled Euler‐Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam model. The model is well‐known in the different branches of the engineering sciences, such as in mechanical and civil engineering (in modelling of responses of the suspended bridges to a strong wind), in aeronautical engineering (in predicting and suppressing flutter in aircraft wings, tails, and control surfaces), in engineering and practical aspects of the computer science (in suppressing bending‐torsional flutter of a new generation of hard disk drives, which is expected to pack high track densities (20,000+TPI) and rotate at very high speeds (25,000+RPM)), in medical science (in bio mechanical modelling of bloodcarrying vessels in the body, which are elastic and collapsible). The aforementioned mathematical model is governed by a system of two coupled differential equations and a two parameter family of boundary conditions representing the action of the self‐straining actuators. This linear hyperbolic system is equivalent to a single operator evolution equation in the energy space. That equation defines a semigroup of bounded operators and a dynamics generator of the semigroup is our main object of interest. We formulate and proof the following results: (a) the dynamics generator is a nonselfadjoint operator with compact resolvent from the class ??p with p > 1; (b) precise spectral asymptotics for the two‐branch discrete spectrum; (c) a nonselfadjoint operator, which is the inverse of the dynamics generator, is a finite‐rank perturbation of a selfadjoint operator. The latter fact is crucial for the proof that the root vectors of the dynamics generator form a complete and minimal set. In our forthcoming paper, we will use the spectral results to prove that the dynamics generator is Riesz spectral, which will allow us to solve several boundary and distributed controllability problems via the spectral decomposition method. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Pseudorandom vector generation by the compound inversive method

Pseudorandom vectors are of importance for parallelized simulation methods. In this paper a detailed analysis of the compound inversive method for the generation of -dimensional uniform pseudorandom vectors, a vector analog of the compound inversive method for pseudorandom number generation, is carried out. In particular, periodicity properties and statistical independence properties of the generated sequences are studied based on the discrete discrepancy of -tuples of successive terms in the sequence. The results show that the generated sequences have attractive statistical independence properties for pseudorandom vectors of dimensions .