ATMOS (ATM optical switching)—system perspective

The expected traffic growth from new broadband services will require network capacities that can be beneficially provided by optical WDM transport networks. Optical packet techniques are essential for large networks to provide flexibility and granularity. A layered network architecture with a transparent optical layer and optical packet layers has been elaborated. Four switching concept options for large optical ATM switch fabrics in the public network and small access nodes are presented. The technology for the related key functions of space and wavelength switching was developed in the RACE ATMOS project and the feasibility of concepts and technologies was verified in four system demonstrators.     

Segmental orientations and deformation mechanism of a poly(ether‐block‐amide) film

Simultaneous measurements of microscopic infrared dichroism, mesoscale deformation, and macroscopic stress have been made for a microphase‐separated film of poly(ether‐block‐amide) 4033 during uniaxial stretching at temperatures between 30 and 91 °C, well below the melting point of the hard polyamide‐12 (PA) domains. Before the onset of dramatic microstructural alterations, the true stress–strain relationship on the mesoscale can be described with an interpenetrating network model, and poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO) soft segments undergo affine deformation. Beyond a threshold strain at which stress from the soft network becomes larger than that from the hard network, plastic deformation occurs in the hard PA domains, and this is accompanied by the downward derivations of the true stress and molecular orientation of PTMO blocks from the model predictions. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1161–1167, 2005     

Robust neural modeling for the cross-sectional analysis of accounting information

The performance of robust artificial neural network models in learning bivariate relationships between accounting magnitudes is assessed in this paper. Predictive performances of a number of modeling paradigms (namely, linear models, log-linear structures, classical ratios and artificial neural networks) are compared with regard to the problem of modeling a number of the most outstanding accounting ratio relations. We conduct a large scale analysis, carried out on a representative Spanish data base.     

基于智能化信息处理的建筑工程造价短期预测

提出了一种新的基于智能化信息处理的建筑工程造价短期预测模型.该模型首次利用数据的高阶统计信息,提出了改进独立分量分析技术.通过构建适用于建筑工程造价的属性重构空间,挖掘出表征能力更强的造价独立属性,用于神经网络的学习和训练,从而建立了全新的建筑工程造价短期预测智能模型.该模型通过发挥独立分量分析强大的信号分离能力,增强了神经网络的学习效率,提高了预测精度.实例数据验证了文中所建模型的有效性.     

Thermoelasticity and stress relaxation behavior of polychloroprene/organoclay nanocomposites

Polychloroprene/organoclay nanocomposites (ENC) were characterized by X-ray scattering, DSC and stretching calorimetry techniques.The infinite cluster of highly anisometric organoclay particles was likely to set on at filler volume fraction as low as ? ? 0.04. Quantitative analysis of thermoelastic behavior over the entire range of relative elongations provided additional support for the concept of strain-dependent strain amplification factor as the major parameter controlling the thermomechanical properties of the ENC. Low values of the fitting parameter C in the modified equation for the total heats of stretching were regarded as evidence for the reduced exothermal effects of external friction between organoclay nanoparticles coated with the boundary interphase. Stress relaxation behavior of the ENC was qualitatively consistent with the original assumption that after initial stretching to the highest elongation (λ_lim) the pre-existing infinite clusters of filler particles were broken into isolated clusters which remained structurally similar, whatever the subsequent stretching to λ_f < λ_lim.     

The cost benefits of multi-layer architecture with multi-granularity switching in optical networks

The benefits of using multi-granularity switching to reduce the number of ports, including both electronic and optical ports, have been investigated. A novel multi-layer ring architecture with multiple switches is proposed and two general equations to count the number of ports are derived. Comparisons are made between the multi-layer multi-granularity switching (MM-XC) architecture and the reported architectures: multi-switching (M-XC) and single switching (S-XC) architectures. The results show that the M-XC or S-XC architectures can be deduced from the MM-XC architecture and the latter architecture can achieve more considerable savings of the port count compared to the former.     

基于Web Services的移动通信综合网管系统

基于Web Services分布式原理，提出了一种新的移动通信综合网管系统的方案．该系统与目前国内传统的TMN网管系统相比，在匹配性、移植性、扩展性、安全性以及重用性等方面都具有明显的优越性．通过对Web Services体系结构分析研究，给出了Web Services到TMN网管系统的映射．并在试验环境中，实现和验证了这种基于Web Services分布式综合网管系统．最后对如何用，ETWeb服务来实现综合的网管的关键技术进行了阐述和分析。     

Ponomarev-系中的紧覆盖映射

本文讨论了Ponomarev-系中的紧覆盖映射与集族之间的关系,得到如下结果.(1)对于Ponomarev-系(f,M,x,{P_n}),f是紧覆盖映射当且仅当每一P_n具有CFP-性.(2)对于Ponomarev-系(f,M,X,P),f是紧覆盖映射当且仅当P是X的强k-网.作为这些结果的一些应用,本文分别给出了度量空间紧覆盖π-象和度量空间紧覆盖象的内部结构.     

Calorimetry in nonstandard conditions: The noncrystalline phases of linear polyethylene

A linear Union Carbide PE (UC) has been analyzed by nonstandard calorimetry with a common DSC calorimeter and a Setaram C80 calorimeter. Nonstandard calorimetry entails using a low rate of heating (0.5–1 K/min), a small mass (0.5–1.5 mg), and an open cell (O‐cell) instead of the standard C‐cell. Events in O‐cells overlap less and occur with a faster kinetics than in C‐cells. PE crystals are nascent, solution‐grown (S‐grown), press‐grown (P‐grown), and strained by extrusion. In Part A, the traces show that the phase‐changes in the melt, previously observed in a C80 calorimeter (slow T‐ramp) and characterized by ΔH_network, can be observed with a common DSC in nonstandard conditions. In Part B, the difference between the C‐ and O‐cells and the changes in the main peak enthalpy (ΔH_ortho) are of interest. The main result is that, in O‐cells, the value of ΔH_ortho around T_ortho, exceeds unambiguously in certain conditions ΔH_ortho found for perfect orthorhombic crystals. The main endotherm contains then another contribution, namely ΔH_network. Crystal reorganization during the slow T‐ramp is followed in the C‐ and O‐cells on S‐grown crystals. In O‐cells, lamellar thickening observed in the slow‐ramp is more extensive. The ease of phase‐change depends on the sample history. It is as follows: strained‐part extruded > nascent > S‐grown > P‐grown. Co‐operative chain motions are more hindered in the standard C‐cells than in the O‐cells. In Part C, lower values of m succeed in bringing phase‐changes in P‐grown (O‐cells) samples. The origin of the events is discussed: three processes are thought to contribute to the phase‐changes namely, melting of strained short‐range order, activation of vibrations in the CH₂ groups, and fast decay of chain orientation which occurs simultaneously with melting. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1932–1949, 2007     

Y. Meyer小波的一般形式

首先我们证明了，如果尺度函数有紧支集，来自多尺度分析的小波函数的支集形式，然后我们证明了Y．Meyer小波的尺度函的一般形式。最后给出了它的另外两种形式和对应的Y．Meyer小波。