Lie Symmetry Analysis and Conservation Laws of a Generalized Time Fractional Foam Drainage Equation

In this paper, a generalized time fractional nonlinear foam drainage equation is investigated by means of the Lie group analysis method. Based on the Riemann-Liouville derivative, the Lie point symmetries and symmetry reductions of the equation are derived, respectively. Furthermore, conservation laws with two kinds of independent variables of the equation are performed by making use of the nonlinear self-adjointness method.     

New 3-mode bosonic operator realization of SU（2） Lie algebra： From the point of view of squeezing

We consider the quantum mechanical SU(2) transformation e2λ JzJ± e-2λJz= e±2λJ± as if the meaning of squeezing with e±2λbeing squeezing parameter. By studying SU(2) operators(J±,Jz) from the point of view of squeezing we find that(J±,Jz) can also be realized in terms of 3-mode bosonic operators. Employing this realization, we find the natural representation(the eigenvectors of J+ or J-) of the 3-mode squeezing operator e2λ Jz. The idea of considering quantum SU(2) transformation as if squeezing is liable for us to obtain the new bosonic operator realization of SU(2) and new squeezing operators.     

Non Abelian structures and the geometric phase of entangled qudits

In this work, we address some important topological and algebraic aspects of two-qudit states evolving under local unitary operations. The projective invariant subspaces and evolutions are connected with the common elements characterizing the su(d)$\mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{u}\left(d\right)$ Lie algebra and their representations. In particular, the roots and weights turn out to be natural quantities to parametrize cyclic evolutions and fractional phases. This framework is then used to recast the coset contribution to the geometric phase in a form that generalizes the usual monopole-like formula for a single qubit.     

Observability analysis of navigation system using point-based visual and inertial sensors

A matrix Kalman filter (MKF) has been implemented for a navigation system using point-based visual and inertial sensors. The observability conditions have been proved by the observability rank criterion based on Lie derivatives. The conditions are: (a) at least one degree of rotational freedom is excited and (b) at least three observed points are not collinear where any two points are linearly independent. Experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm obtains the same accurate as the line-based algorithm.     

Symmetry Analysis and Conservation Laws to the(2+1)-Dimensional Coupled Nonlinear Extension of the Reaction-Diffusion Equation

In this paper, a detailed Lie symmetry analysis of the(2+1)-dimensional coupled nonlinear extension of the reaction-diffusion equation is presented. The general finite transformation group is derived via a simple direct method,which is equivalent to Lie point symmetry group actually. Similarity reduction and some exact solutions of the original equation are obtained based on the optimal system of one-dimensional subalgebras. In addition, conservation laws are constructed by employing the new conservation theorem.     

Continuous symmetries of certain nonlinear partial difference equations and their reductions

In this article, Quispel, Roberts and Thompson type of nonlinear partial difference equation with two independent variables is considered and identified five distinct nonlinear partial difference equations admitting continuous point symmetries quadratic in the dependent variable. Using the degree growth of iterates the integrability nature of the obtained nonlinear partial difference equations is discussed. It is also shown how to derive higher order ordinary difference equations from the periodic reduction of the identified nonlinear partial difference equations. The integrability nature of the obtained ordinary difference equations is investigated wherever possible.     

Classification of Nilsoliton metrics in dimension seven

The aim of this paper is to classify Ricci soliton metrics on 7-dimensional nilpotent Lie groups. It can be considered as a continuation of our paper in Fernández Culma (2012). To this end, we use the classification of 7-dimensional real nilpotent Lie algebras given by Ming-Peng Gong in his Ph.D thesis and some techniques from the results of Michael Jablonski (2010, 2012) and of Yuri Nikolayevsky (2011). Of the 9 one-parameter families and 140 isolated 7-dimensional indecomposable real nilpotent Lie algebras, we have 99 nilsoliton metrics given in an explicit form and 7 one-parameter families admitting nilsoliton metrics.Our classification is the result of a case-by-case analysis, so many illustrative examples are carefully developed to explain how to obtain the main result.     

The four-dimensional Martínez Alonso–Shabat equation: Differential coverings and recursion operators

We apply Cartan’s method of equivalence to find a contact integrable extension for the structure equations of the symmetry pseudo-group of the four-dimensional Martínez Alonso–Shabat equation. From this extension we derive two differential coverings including coverings with one and two non-removable parameters. Then we apply the same approach to the tangent covering and construct a recursion operator for symmetries of the equation under study.     

The reduction of the Laplace equation in certain Riemannian spaces and the resulting Type II hidden symmetries

We prove a general theorem which allows the determination of Lie symmetries of the Laplace equation in a general Riemannian space using the conformal group of the space. Algebraic computing is not necessary. We apply the theorem in the study of the reduction of the Laplace equation in certain classes of Riemannian spaces which admit a gradient Killing vector, a gradient Homothetic vector and a special Conformal Killing vector. In each reduction we identify the source of Type II hidden symmetries. We find that in general the Type II hidden symmetries of the Laplace equation are directly related to the transition of the CKVs from the space where the original equation is defined to the space where the reduced equation resides. In particular we consider the reduction of the Laplace equation (i.e., the wave equation) in the Minkowski space and obtain the results of all previous studies in a straightforward manner. We consider the reduction of Laplace equation in spaces which admit Lie point symmetries generated from a non-gradient HV and a proper CKV and we show that the reduction with these vectors does not produce Type II hidden symmetries. We apply the results to general relativity and consider the reduction of Laplace equation in locally rotational symmetric space times (LRS) and in algebraically special vacuum solutions of Einstein’s equations which admit a homothetic algebra acting simply transitively. In each case we determine the Type II hidden symmetries.     

双流体等离子体模型的动力学可容变分

动力学可容变分方法是一种广义哈密顿系统中的李扰动变换方法,能自动保证卡西米尔函数在相应阶数上的守恒性质.通过动力学可容方法得到了双流体在欧拉描述中的一组约束变分,而后利用这组变分对双流体哈密顿量取极值得到了平衡方程.