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31.
Linear partial differential algebraic equations (PDAEs) of the form Au
t(t, x) + Bu
xx(t, x) + Cu(t, x) = f(t, x) are studied where at least one of the matrices A, B R
n×n
is singular. For these systems we introduce a uniform differential time index and a differential space index. We show that in contrast to problems with regular matrices A and B the initial conditions and/or boundary conditions for problems with singular matrices A and B have to fulfill certain consistency conditions. Furthermore, two numerical methods for solving PDAEs are considered. In two theorems it is shown that there is a strong dependence of the order of convergence on these indexes. We present examples for the calculation of the order of convergence and give results of numerical calculations for several aspects encountered in the numerical solution of PDAEs. 相似文献
32.
The strong consistency of least squares estimates in multiple regression models is established under minimal assumptions on the design and weak dependence and moment restrictions on the errors. 相似文献
33.
Consider a regular diffusion process X with finite speed measure m. Denote the normalized speed measure by μ. We prove that the uniform law of large numbers
holds if the class
has an envelope function that is μ-integrable, or if
is bounded in L
p(μ) for some p>1. In contrast with uniform laws of large numbers for i.i.d. random variables, we do not need conditions on the ‘size’ of
the class
in terms of bracketing or covering numbers. The result is a consequence of a number of asymptotic properties of diffusion
local time that we derive. We apply our abstract results to improve consistency results for the local time estimator (LTE)
and to prove consistency for a class of simple M-estimators.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
34.
A non-conforming finite element method with anisotropic mesh grading for the Stokes problem in domains with edges 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The solution of the Stokes problem in three-dimensional domainswith edges has anisotropic singular behaviour which is treatednumerically by using anisotropic finite element meshes. Thevelocity is approximated by CrouzeixRaviart (nonconformingP1 ) elements and the pressure by piecewise constants. Thismethod is stable for general meshes (without minimal or maximalangle condition). Denoting by Ne the number of elements in themesh, the interpolation and consistency errors are of the optimalorder h Ne1/3 which is proved for tensor product meshes.As a by-product, we analyse also nonconforming prismatic elementswith P1 [oplus ] span {x32} as the local space for the velocitywhere x3 is the direction of the edge. 相似文献
35.
In important early work, Stell showed that one can determine the pair correlation function h(r) of the hard-sphere fluid for all distances r by specifying only the tail of the direct correlation function c(r) at separations greater than the hard-core diameter. We extend this idea in a very natural way to potentials with a soft repulsive core of finite extent and a weaker and longer ranged tail. We introduce a new continuous function T(r) which reduces exactly to the tail of c(r) outside the (soft) core region and show that both h(r) and c(r) depend only on the out projection of T(r): i.e., the product of the Boltzmann factor of the repulsive core potential times T(r). Standard integral equation closures can thus be reinterpreted and assessed in terms of their predictions for the tail of c(r) and simple approximations for its form suggest new closures. A new and very efficient variational method is proposed for solving the Ornstein–Zernike equation given an approximation for the tail of c. Initial applications of these ideas to the Lennard-Jones and the hard-core Yukawa fluid are discussed. 相似文献
36.
37.
曲文孝 《核聚变与等离子体物理》2000,20(3):129-135
在TFTR及TEXF等装置上观测到的边界电子冷脉冲的输运现象是通常基于局部热导的瞬态输运理论所无法解释的。利用一个与电子温度剖面不变性相「容的且与在ρ=ρL(ρL≈0.7~0.8)处的局部电子热导相关的非局部电子热导模型来描述边界冷脉冲引起的电子温度变化的瞬态过程,发现此模型可定性地解释边界冷脉冲实验现象的几乎所有主要特征。 相似文献
38.
Raphael Boll 《Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics》2013,20(4):577-605
We prove the Bianchi permutability (existence of superposition principle) of Bäcklund transformations for asymmetric quad-equations. Such equations and their Bäcklund transformations form 3D consistent systems of a priori different equations. We perform this proof by using 4D consistent systems of quad-equations, the structural insights through biquadratics patterns and the consideration of super-consistent eight-tuples of quad-equations on decorated cubes. 相似文献
39.
Jürgen Geiser 《Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations》2010,26(1):135-158
In this article, we describe a different operator‐splitting method for decoupling complex equations with multidimensional and multiphysical processes for applications for porous media and phase‐transitions. We introduce different operator‐splitting methods with respect to their usability and applicability in computer codes. The error‐analysis for the iterative operator‐splitting methods is discussed. Numerical examples are presented. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2010 相似文献
40.
Hamiache axiomatized the Shapley value as the unique solution verifying the inessential game property, continuity and associated consistency. Driessen extended Hamiache’s axiomatization to the enlarged class of efficient, symmetric, and linear values. In this paper, we introduce the notion of row (resp. column)-coalitional matrix in the framework of cooperative game theory. The Shapley value as well as the associated game are represented algebraically by their coalitional matrices called the Shapley standard matrix MSh and the associated transformation matrix Mλ, respectively. We develop a matrix approach for Hamiache’s axiomatization of the Shapley value. The associated consistency for the Shapley value is formulated as the matrix equality MSh = MSh · Mλ. The diagonalization procedure of Mλ and the inessential property for coalitional matrices are fundamental tools to prove the convergence of the sequence of repeated associated games as well as its limit game to be inessential. In addition, a similar matrix approach is applicable to study Driessen’s axiomatization of a certain class of linear values. In summary, it is illustrated that matrix analysis is a new and powerful technique for research in the field of cooperative game theory. 相似文献