顾客部分延期付款下两级商业信用易腐品订货策略

针对易腐品的经济订货批量问题展开研究。在供应商给零售商提供延迟还款的同时,零售商也给顾客提供部分延期还款条件。分五种情况分别讨论零售商的成本构成,并由此建立数学模型以求解最优订货周期使得零售商单位时间总成本最小化。通过数学证明得到了目标函数的解析性质,结果显示每种情况下在可行域范围内至多存在一个极小值点。以此为基础给出了相应的命题以有效地确定零售商的最优决策。最后通过数值算例说明了模型的有效性。     

Effect of Population Density in Spatial Public Goods Game

采用Monte Carlo数值模拟方法,对周期性边界条件下空间公共品博弈进行了研究,讨论了在学习和迁移两种策略的共同作用下,种群密度对空间分布和合作演化的影响．密度较低时,合作者与背叛者共存;随着密度的增大,合作者的比例增加;密度较高时,系统由共存态转变为纯粹的合作态;但密度足够高时,合作行为完全消失．并通过研究空间形貌,对这些不同的合作演化行为进行了分析．     

Evolution of cooperation in the spatial public goods game with the third-order reputation evaluation

In this letter, in order to deeply explore the role of individual reputation in the evolutionary game dynamics, we present a new third-order reputation evaluation model to discuss the evolution of cooperation in the spatial public goods game. In the current model, we should not only consider the strategy (cooperation, C or defection, D) of a focal player, but also take his own reputation and his opponent's reputation status into account. Among them, the individual reputation will be divided into being good and bad according to the specified threshold, and the good player will be endowed with the more influential strategy transfer ability, which further helps to create the clusters of cooperative and good players within the population and then fosters the cooperation. A large plethora of experimental simulation results indicate that four rules under the third-order reputation mechanism can lead to the promotion of cooperation when compared to the traditional public goods game model. The current work is conductive to a better understanding of the persistence and emergence of collective cooperation in real-world systems.     

阈值风险下的多企业合作治理污染的演化博弈分析

针对环境污染具有跨区域性,环境资源的公共物品属性,由单一产污企业治理污染物难以取得有效成果,辖区内多个产污企业合作治理是环境保护的必由之路。 本文从演化博弈论的研究视角探讨了多个排污企业之间的决策演化过程,建立了多主体演化博弈模型,并考虑了污染排放总量超过总量阈值时的环境恶化风险,研究阈值风险对产污企业合作治理污染策略选择的影响。 研究结果表明,较高的治理成本很大地约束了逐利企业治理污染的行为选择,造成公地悲剧的社会问题。 企业治污成本较大背景下,环境阈值风险发生概率越高,越能有效促进合作治理环境策略的演化稳定,合作治理占优于不治理。 出于对企业自身初始禀赋的保护,产污企业初始禀赋越大、排污收费率越高,越能有效促进企业治理污染物的积极性。 最后,为促进辖区内污染企业合作治理污染提出了政策建议。     

Maintenance of cooperation induced by punishment in public goods games

In this paper, we study the public goods games with punishment by adopting the well-known approximate best response dynamics. It shows that the evolution of cooperation is affected by two aspects when other parameters are fixed. One is the punishment mechanism which can avoid the dilemma of lacking investment, and the other is the degree of rationality. Theoretical analysis and numerical results indicate that the existence of punishment mechanism and distribution of rationality are the keys to the enhancement of cooperation level. We also testify that they can heavily influence the payoffs of system as well. The findings in this paper may provide a deeper understanding of some social dilemmas.     

Asymptotic experssion of the solution of general boundary value problem for higher order elliptic equation with perturbation both in boundary and in operator

In this paper basing on (1) and (2), we study the singular perturbation of general boundary value problem for higher order elliptic equation with perturbation both in the boundary and in the operator, so as to establish the asymptotic expression involving two parameters. Thus, the iterative process of finding the asymptotic solution is derived and the estimation of the remainder term is given out, we extend and improve the previously published papers.     

Double optimal stopping times and dynamic pricing problem: description of the mathematical model

In many industries, managers face the problem of selling a given stock of items by a deadline. We investigate the problem of dynamically pricing such inventories when demand is price sensitive and stochastic and the firm’s objective is to maximize expected revenues. Examples that fit this framework include retailers selling fashion and seasonal goods and the travel and leisure industry, which markets space such as seats on airline flights, cabins on vacation cruises, hotels renting rooms before midnight and theaters selling seats before curtain time that become worthless if not sold by a specific time. Given a fixed number of seats, rooms, or coats, the objective for these industries is to maximize revenues in excess of salvage value. When demand is price sensitive and stochastic, pricing is an effective tool to maximize revenues. In this paper, we address the problem of deciding the optimal timing of a double price changes from a given initial price to given lower or higher prices. Under mild conditions, it is shown that it is optimal to decrease the initial price as soon as the time-to-go falls below a time threshold and increase the price if time-to-go is longer than adequate time threshold. These thresholds depend on the number of yet unsold items.      

零售物价总指数的相关因素分析及预测的数学建模

本文对我国测量通货膨胀的主要指标全国零售物价总指数进行了相关因素分析，并在此基础上建立了零售物价总指数预测的数学模型．     

分销仓储配送中心定货决策模拟系统研究

本对于分销仓储本着中心在客户需求量和再订货提前期都是随机性的情况，利用Arena模拟软件，通过对再订货点模型进行了模拟，求出可使系统成本较少的订购批量及再订货点存货水平的组合，从而确定最佳订货策略，解决现实中这种“双随机性”的复杂订货决策问题。     

多货种多供需地海陆联运格局及对世界能源运输的预判

为优化国际货运规划方案,对可兼容配载的多种货物、多供需地、双港节点直达海运的海陆联运问题进行研究,由其运输关系结构研究其运输系统整体经济性组织的航线分布与货流路径模型.设定相关各量后,以营运期内所有供需地间陆运和海运总成本为目标,以供需能力、港口通过能力、船队收益及船舶停时等约束建立模型,并改进传统盈利航速的计算,模型可实现船舶航速和运输总成本的双重优化.以世界原油和致密油供需为例,划分各国主要产销地区和油港,应用模型结果显示出未来各贸易国间的基本经济航线及一定能力约束产生的航线分布、运力配置及物流路径,表明远距离航线的最优航速偏高,且海运段成本具有支配性影响.