Fuzzy Representation of Principal’s Preferences in Inspire Negotiation Support System

We consider the negotiation problem, in which an agent negotiates on behalf of a principal. Our considerations are focused on the Inspire negotiation support system in which the principal’s preferences are visualised by circles. In this way, the principal describes the importance of each negotiation issue and the relative utility of each considered option. The paper proposes how this preference information may be implemented by the agent for determining a scoring function used to support decisions throughout the negotiation process. The starting point of our considerations is a discussion regarding the visualisation of the principal’s preferences. We assume here that the importance of each issue and the utility of each option increases with the size of the circle representing them. The imprecise meaning of the notion of “circle size” implies that in a considered case, the utility of an option should be evaluated by a fuzzy number. The proposed utility fuzzification is justified by a simple analysis of results obtained from the empirical prenegotiation experiment. A novel method is proposed to determine trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, which evaluates an option’s utility using a series of answers given by the participants of the experiment. The utilities obtained this way are applied to determine the fuzzy scoring function for an agent. By determining such a common generalised fuzzy scoring system, our approach helps agents handle the differences in human cognitive processes associated with understanding the principal’s preferences. This work is the first approach to fuzzification of the preferences in the Inspire negotiation support system.     

Team-moving effect in bi-direction pedestrian flow

We propose a cellular automation model to simulate team-moving behavior in bi-directional pedestrian flow. The moving rules for double-pedestrian teaming include the constraint that pedestrians remain on adjacent cells. Phase transition, critical density — team number, velocity–density, and flow–density relationships are key component parts of the analysis. Simulations show that team-moving produces significant corridor capacity effects, and effects highly depend on the type of teaming behavior. In daily life, pedestrians prefer traverse teaming; under this bias, as teaming pedestrians increase in number, critical density reduces; that means traverse teaming will weaken the capacity of the corridor. The effect of traverse team-moving is nonlinear, and capacity will continually reduce as the team numbers increase; however, reduction rate will decay. We call this phenomenon, “the marginal utility of team-moving.”     

Gradient differences and bilateral barters

Exchange is modelled here as iterated bilateral barters, each fairly myopic and driven merely by gradient differences. Under weak conditions, repeated transactions carry the economy to market equilibrium, supported by clearing prices. A main feature is that agents, in the interim, are allowed non-admissible, possibly speculative, but sharply penalized positions.     

Nonparametric predictive utility inference

We consider the natural combination of two strands of recent statistical research, i.e., that of decision making with uncertain utility and that of Nonparametric Predictive Inference (NPI). In doing so we present the idea of Nonparametric Predictive Utility Inference (NPUI), which is suggested as a possible strategy for the problem of utility induction in cases of extremely vague prior information. An example of the use of NPUI within a motivating sequential decision problem is also considered for two extreme selection criteria, i.e., a rule that is based on an attitude of extreme pessimism and a rule that is based on an attitude of extreme optimism.     

多周期多种设备公用工程系统优化模型的改进及应用

本文提出了多周期多种设备公用工程系统改进的混合整数双线性优化模型,它含有两种优化变量和系统运行过程的离散动态约束,期望系统总设备投资(含设备折旧)与全周期运行操作费用之和最小。针对改进优化模型求解上的困难,给出将改进优化模型分解成有限多个关于连续变量的线性规划。论述了改进优化模型与分解模型的等价性以及两种模型的主要数学性质,并在此基础上提出了求解策略。最后将改进优化模型应用于某石化企业的蒸汽动力系统最优设计与运行优化集成实例。     

一种基于信息测度的科学数据集序列约减方法

提出一种基于信息测度的数据集序列约减方法,研究如何从序列中抽样出具有较小相关性,同时不丢失具有重要物理特征的数据集.方法具有普适性,应用于激光与等离子体相互作用模拟程序的结果数据中,减少数据集间的相关性和信息冗余度,单个数据集的平均信息量较原数据集序列增加30%左右.     

一类CKF模型稳态解的存在唯一性及其性质

在非强可加的Cobb-Douglas型效用函数下建立了含内生生育率的C-K模型,即CKF模型．证明模型至少存在的一个非零的稳态解,当参数满足一定条件时,稳态解是唯一的．稳态解处人口生育率与子女抚养时间成反比．与人口生育率界限成正比．讨论家庭消费、人口生育偏好和技术水下对经济发展最终状况的影响．     

污染环境中Gallopin系统的生存分析

研究了环境污染对Ｇａｌｌｏｐｉｎ资源－消费系统中消费种群的长期影响,给出了种群弱平均持续生存和绝灭的判据,在一定条件下得到了阈值。     

无穷水平的随机微分效用

本文研究了由Ｄｕｆｆｉｅ－Ｅｐｓｔｅｉｎ提出的无穷水平的随机微分效用理论,建立了无穷水平的随机微分效用和无穷限倒抽随机微分方程的等价关系。在非－Ｌｉｐｓｃｈｉｔｚ条件下,讨论了无穷水平的随机微分效用的存在唯一性和效用函数的一系列效用。     

博弈论在企业管理中的应用

本文把博弈论应用于企业管理 ,利用博弈论的委托 -代理理论构造了一个委托 -代理激励模型 ,针对信息对称与信息不对称情况进行了分析。在设计企业的委托代理机制时 ,若考虑了对经理的激励 ,则委托人的风险成本、代理成本都比没有考虑对经理的激励时要小。从理论上证明了对企业经理激励的必要性。