激光技术在聚合酶链式反应微流控芯片中的应用

评述了激光技术在聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)微流控芯片领域中的应用进展,包括激光技术在PCR微流控芯片微加工、微流体物理参数测量、温度循环控制以及芯片上在线产物检测(包括荧光实时定量/终点和毛细管电泳检测)中的应用。最后,展望了激光技术在未来基于PCR的微全分析系统(micro-total analysis system,μTAS)中的新应用。     

Simultaneous Optimal Controls for Non-Stationary Stokes Systems

This paper deal with optimal control problems for a non-stationary Stokes system. We study a simultaneous distributed-boundary optimal control problem with distributed observation. We prove the existence and uniqueness of a simultaneous optimal control and we give the first order optimality condition for this problem. We also consider a distributed optimal control problem and a boundary optimal control problem and we obtain estimations between the simultaneous optimal control and the optimal controls of these last ones. Finally, some regularity results are presented.     

Insensitizing controls for a forward stochastic heat equation

The existence of insensitizing controls for a forward stochastic heat equation is considered. To develop the duality, we obtain observability estimates for linear forward and backward coupled stochastic heat equations with general coefficients, by means of some global Carleman estimates. Furthermore, the constant in the observability inequality is estimated by an explicit function of the norm of the involved coefficients in the equation. As far as we know, our paper is the first one to address the problem of insensitizing controls for stochastic partial differential equations.     

Development of PCR internal controls for DNA profiling with the AmpFℓSTR® SGM Plus® amplification kit

Forensic DNA profiling uses a series of commercial kits that co‐amplify several loci in one reaction; the products of the PCR are fluorescently labelled and analysed using CE. Before CE, an aliquot of the PCR is mixed with formamide and an internal lane size standard. Using the SGM Plus amplification kit, we have developed two internal non‐amplified controls of 80 bp and 380 bp that are labelled with ROX fluorescent dye and added to the PCR. Combined with two internal amplification controls of 90 bp and 410 bp, they provide additional controls for the PCR, electrokinetic injection, and CE and also function as an internal size standard.     

一种复杂模式网传数据软件模拟器的设计

针对某型远程监控系统复杂、数据量大、数据结构多变等给软件设计带来的难度,设计了一个软件模拟器,构成闭环调试系统,利于检查实战软件。该模拟器以XML技术为核心,综合了数据帧编排、软件界面自动生成、用户控件定制等先进技术,有效对监视对象进行了模拟,实现了多模式下数据的自动组帧和发送功能。通过该模拟器的配合,发现实战软件设计缺欠,具有很好的推广应用价值。     

Discontinuous Solutions to Unbounded Differential Inclusions under State Constraints. Applications to Optimal Control Problems

We consider a nonconvex and unbounded differential inclusion derived from a control system whose control sets are time and space-dependent. We extend the inclusion in order to allow discontinuous trajectories. We prove that the set of solutions of the original inclusion is dense in the set of solutions of the extended inclusion and, moreover, these last solutions are stable with respect to the initial data. Both of these results are also proven in the presence of state and integral constraints (assuming suitable conditions at the boundary of the constraining set). As an application, the value function of a Mayer problem is shown to be continuous and the unique viscosity solution of a Hamilton–Jacobi equation with suitable boundary conditions.     

Extremality,Controllability, and Abundant Subsets of Generalized Control Systems

The generalized control system that we consider in this paper is a collection of vector fields, which are measurable in the time variable and Lipschitzian in the state variable. For such system, we define the concept of an abundant subset. Our definition follows the definition of an abundant set of control functions introduced by Warga. We prove a controllability–extremality theorem for generalized control systems, which says, in essence, that either a given trajectory satisfies a type of maximum principle or a neighborhood of the endpoint of the trajectory can be covered by trajectories of an abundant subset. We apply the theorem to a control system in the classical formulation and obtain a controllability–extremality result, which is stronger, in some respects, than all previous results of this type. Finally, we apply the theorem to differential inclusions and obtain, as an easy corollary, a Pontryagin-type maximum principle for nonconvex inclusions.     

Dirichlet Boundary Control of Hyperbolic Equations in the Presence of State Constraints

We study optimal control problems for hyperbolic equations (focusing on the multidimensional wave equation) with control functions in the Dirichlet boundary conditions under hard/pointwise control and state constraints. Imposing appropriate convexity assumptions on the cost integral functional, we establish the existence of optimal control and derive new necessary optimality conditions in the integral form of the Pontryagin Maximum Principle for hyperbolic state-constrained systems.     

On the ergodic and the adaptive control of stochastic differential delay systems

Some problems of ergodic control and adaptive control are formulated and solved for stochastic differential delay systems. The existence and the uniqueness of invariant measures that are solutions of the stochastic functional differential equations for these systems are verified. For an ergodic cost criterion, almost optimal controls are constructed. For an unknown system, the invariant measures and the optimal ergodic costs are shown to be continuous functions of the unknown parameters. Almost self-optimizing adaptive controls are feasibly constructed by an approximate certainty equivalence principle.This research was partially supported by NSF Grants ECS-91-02714 and ECS91-13029.     

Controllability of the perturbed adiabatic oscillator

In this paper, we consider the global controllability with bounded controls of the perturbed adiabatic oscillator. More explicitly, we study the equationÿ+(1+g(t))y=u, whereg(t) is a suitably small perturbation term andu is the control function, which is restricted either by norm or by range. We give sufficient conditions for global null controllability, under various conditions ong(t), whenu lies in a unit ball or is constrained to assume only positive values.