人造复眼成像系统研究的新进展

人造复眼成像系统具有体积小、功耗低、视角范围广等优点，是一种应用前景非常广阔的光成像系统。综述了人造复眼成像系统的研究背景及最新的研究进展，其中包宿基于不同仿生设计理念的各种新型人造复眼结构以及能够实现诸如彩色成像、指纹识别、全视角成像等新功能的实验系统；展望了人造复眼成像系统今后的研究方向。     

分布式拉曼光纤放大器动态增益控制研究

介绍了动态增益控制的必要性，对动态拉曼传输方程进行了简化，并将其以矩阵形式表示，从而减少了方程的数量，提高了计算速度。由拉曼传输耦合方程推出一种适用于分布式拉曼放大器实时控制的自动控制算法。考虑工程需要，该算法忽略了噪声功率、泵浦间的受激拉曼效应，以及信号和泵浦间受激拉曼效应对泵浦功率的损耗。结果表明该算法能够达到快速抑制输入信号功率突变引起的输出功率／增益波动的目的。     

Segmentation of synthetic aperture radar image using multiscale information measure-based spectral clustering

A multiscale information measure （MIM）, calculable from per-pixel wavelet coefficients, but relying on global statistics of synthetic aperture radar （SAR） image, is proposed. It fully exploits the variations in speckle pattern when the image resolution varies from course to fine, thus it can capture the intrinsic texture of the scene backscatter and the texture due to speckle simultaneously. Graph spectral segmen- tation methods based on MIM and the usual similarity measure are carried out on two real SAR images. Experimental results show that MIM can characterize texture information of SAR image more effectively than the commonly used similarity measure.     

Seasonal variability of cloud optical depth over northwestern China derived from CERES/MODIS satellite measurements

The seasonal variability of cloud optical depth over northwestern China derived from Clouds and the Earth＇s Radiant Energy System （CERES） Single Scanner Footprint （SSF） Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） Edition IB data from July 2002 to June 2004 is presented. The regions of interest are those with Asia monsoon influence, the Tianshan and Qilian Mountains, and the Taklimakan Desert. The results show that the instantaneous measurements presented here are much higher than the previous results derived from International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project （ISCCP） D2 monthly mean data. Generally the measurements of cloud optical depth are the highest in summer and the lowest in winter, however, Taklimakan Desert has the lowest measurements in autumn. The regional variation is quite significant over northwestern China.     

372-mJ long pulse pyrotechnically pumped laser

A pyrotechnically pumped Nd glass laser is demonstrated by the use of pyrotechnic flashlamps composed of several chemical materials arranged in a stable plane concave resonator cavity. The flashlamp was made of chemical mixture with oxidant, fuel, and binder. The emission spectrum of pyrotechnic flame covered most of the absorption bands of Nda＋ in phosphate glass. Under 4.56-g chemical mixture pumping, long pulse output power of about 5.5 W was achieved.     

射频超导技术与ERL技术新进展

射频超导谐振腔可以工作在连续波或长宏脉冲模式.射频超导技术已发展为加速各种带电粒子束的重要手段.射频超导技术发展的前期受材料性能、腔的处理以及加工安装水平等的限制.经过几十年的不断改进,射频超导技术获得了重大突破.射频超导腔应用到超导加速器上并成功运行,积累了腔的质量控制工艺和工业化制备的大量经验.近期国际上面对未来大科学装置项目,在射频超导技术方面进行了大量的研发工作,主要包括提高超导腔加速梯度的新腔型研究和采用新型材料(大晶粒铌材)超导腔的研究.能量回收直线加速器(ERL)技术是近年来获得发展的重要加速器技术.ERL具有高效、节能、稳定性好、低辐射水平等优势,被越来越多地应用到先进光源和自由电子激光装置中.     

用于闪光照相的1MV Rod-Pinch二极管辐射特性

Rod-Pinch二极管(RPD)在小尺度闪光照相方面具有良好的应用前景.根据理论方面的研究结果以及实验室具备的驱动源装置水平,设计了相应结构的RPD,并在1MV工作电压下开展了较为详细的性能实验研究.最终在二极管轴向(0.方向)lm处得到的x光剂量为1.21rad-1.45rad.对于阳极直径为lmm的二极管,其X光焦斑直径仅为0.8mm-1.1mm.X光信号的脉宽为18.1ns-27.5ns.研究表明RPD将是一种用于小尺度闪光照相的理想的X光源.     

基于同位素稀释的锂同位素质谱测定技术

锂作为最轻的金属元素，在地质学、天体物理学和核工业等领域，得到了广泛的应用，这些应用都要求对锂同位素丰度进行准确测定。测定锂同位素丰度常用的方法为热表面电离质谱法，但是测量存在系统偏差，需要校正，目前所用的校正方法有标准校正法和校准质谱法。     

Improved free space optical communications performance by using time diversity

A laser beam propagating through turbulence experiences random amplitude and phase fluctuations, which can severely degrade the performance of free space optical communication systems. It this letter, time diversity is demonstrated as a technique which can decrease turbulence influence. Statistically, laser propagation along an atmospheric path is uncorrelated with an earlier-time path for a time interval greater than the atmospheric turbulence correlation time. To estimate time diversity system performance, a 2.2-km optical link is set up for comparing the fade probability of a system using time diversity with a system not using time diversity. The experimental results obtained under different turbulence conditions are shown which are in good agreement with the theory.     

A novel optical burst switching architecture for high speed networks

A novel optical burst switching （OBS） high speed network architecture has been proposed. To verify its feasibility and evaluate its performance, just-enough-time （JET） signaling has been considered as a high performance protocol. In the proposed architecture, to avoid burst losses, firstly, a short-prior- confirmation-packet （SPCP） is sent over the control channel that simulates the events that the actual packet will experience. Once SPCP detects a drop at any of the intermediate nodes, the actual packet is not sent but the process repeats. In order to increase network utilization, cost effectiveness and to overcome some limitations of conventional OBS, inherent codes （e.g., orthogonal optical codes （OOC））, which are codified only in intensity, has been used. Through simulations, it shows that a decrease in burst loss probability, cost effectiveness and a gain in processing time are obtained when optical label processing is used as compared with electronic processing.