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41.
San‐Hu Zhao 《合成通讯》2013,43(23):3045-3053
N‐methylpiperidine, a commercially available mild base, has effectively been utilized as a catalyst in the Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction. Moderate to excellent yields (34–95%) and significant rate enhancement have been observed. 相似文献
42.
De Ke Zhao 《数学学报(英文版)》2015,31(2):201-215
We define the Hochschild and cyclic (co)homology groups for superadditive categories and show that these (co)homology groups are graded Morita invariants. We also show that the Hochschild and cyclic homology are compatible with the tensor product of superadditive categories. 相似文献
43.
Marius Apetrii Mihaela-Hanako Matcovschi Octavian Păstrăvanu Eduard Rotenstein 《数学学报(英文版)》2015,31(7):1171-1188
The first part of this article presents invariance criteria for a stochastic differential equation whose state evolution is constrained by time-dependent security tubes. The key results of this section are derived by considering an equivalent problem where the square of distance function represents a viscosity solution to an adequately defined partial differential equation. The second part of the paper analyzes the broader context when solutions are constrained by more general time-dependent convex domains. The approach relies on forward stochastic variational inequalities with oblique reflection, the generalized subgradients acting as a reacting process that operates only when the solution reaches the boundary of the domain. 相似文献
44.
A new multireference perturbation series is derived based on the Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory. It is orbitally invariant. Its computational cost is comparable to the single reference Møller–Plesset perturbation theory. It is demonstrated numerically that the present multireference second‐ and third‐order energies are size extensive by two types of supermolecules composed of H2 and BH monomers. Spectroscopic constants of as well as the ground state energies of H2O, NH2, and CH2 at three bond lengths have been calculated with the second multireference perturbation theory. The dissociation behaviors of CH4 and HF have also been investigated. Comparisons with other approximate theoretical models as well as the experimental data have been carried out to show their relative performances. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
45.
46.
In this paper we study a reaction–diffusion–advection predator–prey model in a river. The existence of predator-invasion traveling wave solutions and prey-spread traveling wave solutions in the upstream and downstream directions is established and the corresponding minimal wave speeds are obtained. While some crucial improvements in theoretical methods have been established, the proofs of the existence and nonexistence of such traveling waves are based on Schauder’s fixed-point theorem, LaSalle’s invariance principle and Laplace transform. Based on theoretical results, we investigate the effect of the hydrological and biological factors on minimal wave speeds and hence on the spread of the prey and the invasion of the predator in the river. The linear determinacy of the predator–prey Lotka–Volterra system is compared with nonlinear determinacy of the competitive Lotka–Volterra system to investigate the mechanics of linear and nonlinear determinacy. 相似文献
47.
张跃辉 《中国科学A辑(英文版)》2002,45(6):741-748
Let A be a quasi-hereditary algebra with a strong exact Borel subalgebra. It is proved that for any standard semisimple subalgebra
T there exists an exact Borel subalgebra B of A such that T is a maximal semisimple subalgebra of B. It is shown that the
maximal length of flags of exact Borel subalgebras of A is the difference of the radium and the rank of Grothendic group of
A plus 2. The number of conjugation-classes of exact Borel subalgebras is 1 if and only if A is basic; the number is 2 if
and only if A is semisimple. For all other cases, this number is 0 or no less than 3. Furthermore, it is shown that all the
exact Borel subalgebras are idempotent-conjugate to each other, that is, for any exact Borel subalgebras B and C of A, there
exists an idempotent e of A, and an invertible element u of A, such that eBe = u-1eCeu. 相似文献
48.
G-集分次模与Morita Context 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
对任意群G, H≤G,[1]研究了G-分次环R与有限可迁G-集的smash积.在本文中我们对任意可迁G-集,讨论了一个关于R(H)与smash积R#G/H的Morita context,从而推广了[2],[3],[4]给出的关于G-分次环及其与群G的smash积的一些重要结果. 相似文献
49.
We compute renormalization-group fixed points and their spectrum in an ultralocal approximation. We study a case of two competing nontrivial fixed points for a three-dimensional real N-component field: the O(N)-invariant fixed point vs. the cubic-invariant fixed point. We compute the critical value N
c of the cubic
4-perturbation at the O(N)-fixed point. The O(N)-fixed point is stable under a cubic
4-perturbation below N
c; above N
c it is unstable. The Critical value comes out as 2.219435<N
c<2.219436 in the ultralocal approximation. We also compute the critical value of N at the cubic invariant fixed point. Within the accuracy of our computations, the two values coincide. 相似文献
50.
A recent analysis of the experimental data on some physical phenomena ruled by the four fundamental interactions (electromagnetic, weak, strong and gravitational) seems to show the possibility of describing such interactions in terms of a deformation of the usual Minkowski spacetime, with a metric whose coefficients do depend on the energy of the process considered. In this paper, we show that such results can be accounted for in terms of a Kaluza-Klein-like scheme, based on a five-dimensional Riemannian space in which energy plays the role of the fifth dimension. The corresponding five-dimensional Einstein equations in vacuum are solved in some cases of physical relevance and it is shown that all the phenomenological metrics describing the four fundamental forces are recovered as special cases of the classes of solutions found. Possible developments of the formalism are also briefly outlined. 相似文献