Symmetry and uniqueness of solutions to some Liouville-type equations and systems

We prove symmetry and uniqueness results for three classes of Liouville-type problems arising in geometry and mathematical physics: asymmetric Sinh-Gordon equation, cosmic string equation and Toda system, under certain assumptions on the mass associated to these problems. The argument is in the spirit of the sphere covering inequality which for the first time is used in treating different exponential nonlinearities and systems.     

Boundary value problems for an iterative di?erential equation

This paper discusses the solutions of an iterative di?erential equation under general boundary value conditions. Using an auxiliary integral equation without the help of Green’s functions usually being constructed in higher order equations, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions by the ?xed point theorems of Schauder and Banach, respectively. Our theorems generalize and revise the related results.     

A finite difference scheme for the nonlinear time-fractional partial integro-differential equation

In this paper, a finite difference scheme is proposed for solving the nonlinear time-fractional integro-differential equation. This model involves two nonlocal terms in time, ie, a Caputo time-fractional derivative and an integral term with memory. The existence of numerical solutions is shown by the Leray-Schauder theorem. And we obtain the discrete L₂ stability and convergence with second order in time and space by the discrete energy method. Then the uniqueness of numerical solutions is derived. Moreover, an iterative algorithm is designed for solving the derived nonlinear system. Numerical examples are presented to validate the theoretical findings and the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.     

Existence,uniqueness, and multiplicity results on positive solutions for a class of Hadamard-type fractional boundary value problem on an infinite interval

This paper focuses on a class of Hadamard-type fractional differential equation with nonlocal boundary conditions on an infinite interval. New existence, uniqueness, and multiplicity results of positive solutions are obtained by using Schauder's fixed point theorem, Banach's contraction mapping principle, the monotone iterative method, and the Avery-Peterson fixed point theorem. Examples are included to illustrate our main results.     

Solvability for p-Laplacian generalized fractional coupled systems with two-sided memory effects

This paper determines the solvability of multipoint boundary value problems for p-Laplacian generalized fractional differential systems with Riesz–Caputo derivative, which exhibits two-sided nonlocal memory effects. An equivalent integral form for the generalized fractional differential system is deduced by transformation. First, we obtain the existence of solutions on the basis of the upper–lower solutions method, in which an explicit iterative approach for approximating the solution is established. Second, we deal with a special case of our fractional differential system; in order to obtain novel results, an abstract sum-type operator equation A(x,x)+Bx+e=x on ordered Banach space is discussed. Without requiring the existence of upper–lower solutions or compactness conditions, we get several unique results of solutions for this operator equation, which provide new inspiration for the study of boundary value problems. Then, we apply these abstract results to get the uniqueness of solutions for our differential system.     

Existence and Ulam's type stability results for a class of fractional boundary value problems on a star graph

This paper is concerned with a nonlinear fractional boundary value problem on a star graph. By using a transformation, the suggested problem is converted into an equivalent system of fractional boundary value problem. Schaefer's fixed point theorem and Banach's contraction principle is used to establish its existence and uniqueness results. Further, different kinds of Ulam's type stability results for the proposed problem have been discussed. Finally, two examples are presented to illustrate the application of the obtained results.     

Lp~(p>1) Solutions of BSDEs with Generators Satisfying Some Non-uniform Conditions in t and \omeg

This paper is devoted to the $L^p$ ($p>1$) solutions of one-dimensional backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs for short) with general time intervals and generators satisfying some non-uniform conditions in $t$ and $\omega$. An existence and uniqueness result, a comparison theorem and an existence result for the minimal solutions are respectively obtained, which considerably improve some known works. Some classical techniques used to deal with the existence and uniqueness of $L^p$ ($p>1$) solutions of BSDEs with Lipschitz or linear-growth generators are also developed in this paper.     

On uniqueness and analyticity in thermoviscoelastic solids with voids

In this paper we consider the most general system proposed to describe the thermoviscoelasticity with voids. We study two qualitative properties of the solutions of this theory. First, we obtain a uniqueness result when we do not assume any sign to the internal energy. Second we extend some previous results and prove the analyticity of the solutions. The impossibility of localization in time of the solutions is a consequence. Last result we present corresponds to the analyticity of solutions in case that the dissipation is not very strong, but with suitable coupling terms.     

Monotone methods and stability results for nonlocal reaction-diffusion equations with time delay

In this paper, we study the applications of the monotone iteration method for investigating the existence and stability of solutions to nonlocal reaction-diffusion equations with time delay. We emphasize the importance of the idea of monotone iteration schemes for investigating the stability of solutions to such equations. We show that every steady state of such equations obtained by using the monotone iteration method is priori stable and all stable steady states can be obtained by using such method. Finally, we apply our main results to three population models.     

Uniqueness of solutions for an integral boundary value problem with fractional $q$-differences

This paper deals with uniqueness of solutions for integral boundary value problem$\left\{\begin{array}{l}(D_q^{\alpha}u)(t)+f(t, u(t))=0,\ \ \ t\in(0,1),\ u(0)=D_qu(0)=0,\ \ u(1)=\lambda\int_0^1u(s){\mbox d}_qs, \end{array}\right.$ where $\alpha\in(2,3]$, $\lambda\in (0,[\alpha]_q)$, $D_q^{\alpha}$ denotes the $q$-fractional differential operator of order $\alpha$. By using the iterative method and one new fixed point theorem, we obtain that there exist a unique nontrivial solution and a unique positive solution.