拓宽银电极上SERS活性的研究电位范围

电极表面的粗糙化处理是进行表面增强拉曼光谱（ＳＥＲＳ）研究的重要前提，通过研究两种截然不同的氧化还原循环（ＯＲＣ）粗粗糙电极的方法，分析其ＳＥＲＳ活性稳定电位区间与ＯＲＣ还原电位之间的关系，发现高活性的ＳＥＲＳ位皆处于亚稳状态，易随电极电位趋近零电位（ＰＺＣ）而发生表面原子重排，以至推动活性，引入强吸附物种，可以使特殊ＯＲＣ得到的ＳＥＲＳ活性在ＰＺＣ以正电位区稳定存在，并可在ＰＺＣ以负一得到常规Ｏ     

Hand-held amperometric sensor for saliva and other oral fluid-based diagnostics

A new hand-held amperometric sensor for monitoring of saliva and other oral fluid-based components is described. The amperometric sensor includes a flow through amperometric detector coupled with a micropipette, and an electronic block which consists of an amplifier, peak detector, microprocessor and display. All operations, such as sample injection, electrochemical detection and data processing are accomplished using only one action, by pressing the plunger of the micropipette. The instrument has been applied for assay of salivary peroxidase, human luteinizing hormone and human chorionic gonadotropin. The low detection limit of peroxidase is 0.5 ng/ml (defined as the concentration which gives a signal with S/N>2). The response time of the sensor is 1-3 s. The linear dynamic range of the hormones is from 1.0 to 80 mUI/ml. The life time of the hand-held amperometric device without regeneration of the electrode surface is 12 months. The sensor has the potential as a tool for noninvasive physiological studies and diagnostic strategies.     

La0.7Mg0.3(Ni1-xCox)3.5 (0≤x≤0.5)储氢合金电化学性能

近年来,具有AB2和AB5复合结构的LaNi3系和La2Ni7系储氢材料由于具有较高的储氢量而引起了人们的关注[1]. 它们可在较温和条件下快速吸放氢, 且理论吸氢量分别为LaNi5的1.25倍及1.11倍.     

Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Solvolysis of a Cationic and an Anionic Chlorocobalt (III) Complex in Water–Ethanol Mixtures

Rate constants and derived thermodynamic activation parameters are reported for solvolysis of trans-[Co(3Mepy)₄Cl₂]⁺ and [Co(CN)₅Cl]^3– ions in water-rich mixtures of water with ethanol at various temperatures and are analyzed by initial- and transition-state contributions. The variation of enthalpies and entropies of activation with solvent composition show extrema in composition ranges where the physical properties of the mixtures, influenced by changes in solvent structures, also show extrema. From the application of a free-energy cycle to the process of the initial state going to the transition state, it is concluded for the solvolysis of both complexes that the Co(III) species in the transition state is more stable in water + ethanol mixtures than in the initial state.     

Simultaneous potentiometric and fluorimetric determination of diclofenac in a sequential injection analysis system

Two independent methods for the determination of diclofenac were simultaneously implemented in an automated analytical system, based on the concept of sequential injection analysis, providing real-time assessment of results quality. The potentiometric detection was carried out with an ion-selective electrode based on a cyclodextrin while for the fluorimetric determination the sample was previously subject to in-line irradiation with UV light. The potentiometric and photochemical-fluorimetric determinations exhibited linear working ranges of 5×10⁻⁶ to 1×10⁻² and 1×10⁻⁶ to 1×10⁻⁴ mol dm⁻³, respectively. Relative standard errors of 0.5% for the potentiometric determination and 0.6% for the photochemical-fluorimetric determination were obtained after 10 consecutive injections of a 5×10⁻⁵ mol dm⁻³ diclofenac standard solution. The sampling rate was about 32 samples h⁻¹. Both methods were applied in the analysis of pharmaceutical formulations. The quality of results obtained was evaluated by comparison to the reference method, with no statistically significant differences for a 95% confidence level.     

配电设备实时故障风险评估方法

现有配电设备故障风险评估方法在因素分析方面不够全面,未能综合考虑天气等环境因素与设备健康状态因素对设备故障风险的影响,且数据来源主要为长期历史数据,缺乏时效性。为解决此问题,本文提出了一种配电设备实时故障风险评估方法,结合天气状况、设备状态两大因素计算配电设备实时故障概率,通过负荷损失量、停电用户数量、负荷重要等级三个因素评估配电设备故障影响程度,并以设备故障概率和故障影响程度为准则建立风险评估模型。通过IEEE-RBTS BUS2算例分析,证明该模型能够有效评估配电设备实时故障风险,对于电力企业优化设备检修工作,提升应急管理水平具有重要的指导意义。     

CHALLENGES FOR PROCESS INDUSTRIES IN RECYCLING

Increasing population and individual wealth have led to a higher demand for energy and raw material resources as well as for steady improvement of processing technology in view of efficient use of resources and avoiding emissions in production and recycling processes. Present situation and future trend of recycling processing are discussed by examples from the aluminium and steel industries, recycling of cars and post-consumer municipal recovery, The importance of more intense observance of thermodynamic laws and of a 4E strategy ＂Economy, Energy, Environment and Education＂ is outlined.     

主客观赋权合成指标权重及其在公共卫生综合评价中的应用

目的:探讨综合评价中指标权重的确定.方法:将相似权法和属性AHM赋权法相结合来确定指标权重,并应用于公共卫生质量的综合评价.结果:实现了对太原市5所普通旅店的聚类与排序;结论:主客观赋权合成指标权重,既充分利用了样本资料的统计信息,又反映了专家的理论知识和经验,可得到较为客观、合理的指标权重,将此权重用于综合评价,其结果准确可靠.     

The Strongly Simple Cycles with Given Rotation Pairs of an Interval Map

In this paper, we introduce the notion of the strongly simple cycles with some rotation pair for interval maps and prove that, if an interval map has a cycle with given rotation pair, then it, has a strongly simple cycle with the same rotation pair.