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991.
To get a clear picture of the pulsatile nature of blood flow and its role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, a comparative study of blood flow in large arteries is carried out using the two widely used models, McDonald's and Burton's models, for the pressure gradient. For both models, the blood velocity in the lumen is obtained analytically. Elaborate investigations on the wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) are carried out. The results are in good agreement with the available data in the literature. The superiority of McDonald's model in capturing the pulsatile nature of blood flow, especially the OSI, is highlighted. The present investigation supports the hypothesis that not only WSS but also OSI are the essential features determining the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Finally, by reviewing the limitations of the present investigation, the possibility of improvement is explored. 相似文献
992.
993.
In this paper,the convergence rates of solutions to the three-dimensional turbulent flow equations are considered.By combining the Lp-Lq estimate for the linearized equations and an elaborate energy method,the convergence rates are obtained in various norms for the solution to the equilibrium state in the whole space when the initial perturbation of the equilibrium state is small in the H3-framework.More precisely,the optimal convergence rates of the solutions and their first-order derivatives in the L2-norm are obtained when the Lp-norm of the perturbation is bounded for some p ∈[1,6/5). 相似文献
994.
The mixed covolume method for the regularized long wave equation is developed and studied. By introducing a transfer operator γh , which maps the trial function space into the test function space, and combining the mixed finite element with the finite volume method, the nonlinear and linear Euler fully discrete mixed covolume schemes are constructed, and the existence and uniqueness of the solutions are proved. The optimal error estimates for these schemes are obtained. Finally, a numerical example is provided to examine the efficiency of the proposed schemes. 相似文献
995.
Effect of an adverse pressure gradient on the streamwise Reynolds stress profile maxima in a turbulent boundary layer 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
It is widely accepted that in a turbulent boundary layer (TBL) with adverse pressure gradient (APG) an outer peak usually appears in the profile of streamwise Reynolds stress. However, the effect of APG on this outer peak is not clearly understood. In this paper, the effect of APG is analysed using the numerical and experimental results in the literature. Because the effect of upstream flow is inherent in the TBL, we first analyse this effect in TBLs with zero pressure gradient on flat plates. Under the individual effect of upstream flow, an outer peak already appears in the profile of streamwise Reynolds stress when the TBL continues developing in the streamwise direction. The APG accelerates the appearance of the outer peak, instead of being a trigger. 相似文献
996.
A solution for the finite-domain Eshelby-type inclusion problem of a finite elastic body containing an anti-plane strain inclusion of arbitrary cross-sectional shape prescribed with a uniform eigenstrain and a uniform eigenstrain gradient is derived in a general form using a simplified strain gradient elasticity theory (SSGET). The formulation is facilitated by an extended Betti’s reciprocal theorem and an extended Somigliana’s identity based on the SSGET and suitable for anti-plane strain problems. The disturbed displacement field is obtained in terms of the SSGET-based Green’s function for an infinite anti-plane strain elastic body. The solution reduces to that of the infinite-domain anti-plane strain inclusion problem when the boundary effect is not considered. The problem of a circular cylindrical inclusion embedded concentrically in a finite cylindrical elastic matrix undergoing anti-plane strain deformations is analytically solved by applying the general solution, with the Eshelby tensor and its average over the circular cross section of the inclusion obtained in closed forms. This Eshelby tensor, being dependent on the position, inclusion size, matrix size, and a material length scale parameter, captures the inclusion size and boundary effects, unlike existing ones. It reduces to the classical linear elasticity-based Eshelby tensor for the circular cylindrical inclusion in an infinite matrix if both the strain gradient and boundary effects are suppressed. Numerical results quantitatively show that the inclusion size effect can be quite large when the inclusion is small and that the boundary effect can dominate when the inclusion volume fraction is high. However, the inclusion size effect is diminishing with the increase of the inclusion size, and the boundary effect is vanishing as the inclusion volume fraction becomes sufficiently low. 相似文献
997.
A micro scale nonlinear beam model based on strain gradient elasticity is developed.Governing equations of motion and boundary conditions are obtained in a variational framework.As an example,the nonlinear vibration of microbeams is analyzed.In a beam having a thickness to length parameter ratio close to unity,the strain gradient effect on increasing the natural frequency is predominant.By increasing the beam thickness,this effect decreases and geometric nonlinearity plays the main role on increasing the natural frequency.For some specific ratios,both geometric nonlinearity and size effects have a significant role on increasing the natural frequency. 相似文献
998.
K.Y.Xu K.A.Alnefaie N.H.Abu-Hamdeh K.H.Almitani E.C.Aifantis 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》2013,26(1):9-20
A dynamic analysis of an elastic gradient-dependent polymeric fiber subjected to a periodic excitation is considered.A nonlinear gradient elasticity constitutive equation with strain-dependent gradient coefficients is first derived and the dispersive wave propagation properties for its linearized counterpart are briefly discussed.For the linearized problem a variational formulation is also developed to obtain related boundary conditions of both classical(standard)and non-classical(gradient)type.Analytical solutions in the form of Fourier series for the fiber’s displacement and strain fields are provided.The solutions depend on a dimensionless scale parameter(the diameter to length radio d = D/L)and,therefore,size effects are captured. 相似文献
999.
In this work, we consider a stabilised characteristic finite element method for the time-dependent Navier–Stokes equations based on the lowest equal-order finite element pairs. The diffusion term in these equations is discretised by using finite element method, the temporal differentiation and advection terms are treated by characteristic schemes. Unconditionally stable results and error estimates of optimal order for the velocity and pressure are established. Finally, some numerical results are provided to verify the performance of this method. 相似文献
1000.
Y. TAKI 《International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics》2013,27(1-2):79-90
In the problems of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) the mesh updating scheme plays a key role. We have developed an adaptive mesh rezoning technique which is applicable to the three-dimensional FSI problems. In order to prevent the inversion of elements in the mesh and to maintain a well-conditioned shape for successive time-step calculations, we introduce constrained conditions of dilatational strain in the least-square form as well as the gradient of displacement vectors, in relatively small elements. By the present mesh rezoning technique, even under the large deformation of boundaries concerned, we can reduce the use of the process of mesh generation and switching of nodal values at the interboundary of time slabs. These steps require rather significant CPU time and induced projection errors of nodal values from the previous mesh to the current one. The case of collapsing tube problems shows the remarkable potential of our method. The present method is entirely general in that it can be applied to structured and unstructured meshes, effectively. 相似文献