十二生肖里的秘密

生活中处处都有数学。我们知道,有趣的十二生肖也藏着数学秘密呢! 假如每个人出生在各生肖年上的几率相等,那么至少在多少个人的群体中,使其中至少有2个人出生在同一个生肖上的几率高于群体中每个人的生肖都不同的几率？     

Efficient Quantum Secure Communication Protocol by Rearranging Particle Orders

We propose a quantum secure communication protocol by using three-particle GHZ states. In this protocol, we utilize the ideas of the rearranging orders and the sequence transmission. The sender of messages, Alice, first disturbs the particle orders in an initial sequence, and then sends the sequence of the disturbed orders to the receiver of messages, Bob. Under Alice＇s introduction, Bob rearranges the sequence back to the initial sequence. By making a GHZ state measurement on each of the three particles in turn, Bob can attain Alice＇s secret messages. In addition, we still calculate the efficiency of our three-particle GHZ protocol and generalize it to the case using multi-particle GHZ state.     

Novel Quantum Secret Sharing and Controlled Communication Schemes Based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Correlations

Employing quantum registers, we first proposed a novel （2, 3） quantum threshold scheme based on Einstein- Podolsky Rosen （EPR） correlations in this letter. Motivated by the present threshold scheme, we also propose a controlled communication scheme to transmit the secret message with a controller. In the communication protocol, the encoded quantum message carried by particles sequence, is transmitted by legitimate communicators.     

Cryptanalysis and Improvement of a Quantum Secret Sharing Protocol between Multiparty and Multiparty with Single Photons and Unitary Transformations

In a recent paper [Chin. Phys. Lett 25（2008）1187], a quantum secret sharing scheme between multiparty and multiparty was presented. We show that the protocol is not secure because the last member in Alice＇s group can illegally obtain most secret messages without introducing any error. Finally, a possible way to avoid the security flaw is suggested.     

Quantum Dialogue Protocol Using a Class of Three-Photon W States

A theoretical protocol of quantum dialogue is proposed, which uses a class of three-photon W states as quantum channel. After two-step security check, four-bit secret message can be transmitted to each other by transmitting of single photon with the aid of two-bit classical information.     

Multiparty Quantum Secret Sharing Using Two-Photon Three-Dimensional Bell States

We present a two-photon three-dimensional multiparty quantum secret sharing scheme. The secret messages are encoded by performing local operations. This is different from those quantum secret sharing protocols that all sharers must make a state measurement. The merit of our protocol is the high capacity.     

High Efficiency of Two Efficient QSDC with Authentication Is at the Cost of Their Security

Two efficient protocols of quantum secure direct communication with authentication [Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 （2008） 2354] were recently proposed by Liu et al. to improve the efficiency of two protocols presented in [Phys. Rev. A 75 （2007） 026301] by four Pauli operations. We show that the high efficiency of the two protocols is at the expense of their security. The authenticator Trent can reach half the secret by a particular attack strategy in the first protocol. In the second protocol, not only Trent but also an eavesdropper outside can elicit half-information about the secret from the public declaration.     

鲜花满园的秘密

禁止踩、摘鲜花！ 严禁踩、摘鲜花！ 鲜花也有生命！ 爱惜鲜花人人有责！ 吉吉镇的街心花园已更换了无数告示牌。可是,花园里移植的鲜花不是被人偷偷摘走,就是被大家踩踏得一塌糊涂。     

基于线性码的新的秘密分享方案

A secret sharing system can be damaged when the dealer cheating occurs. In this paper,two kinds of secret sharing schemes based on linear code are proposed. One is a verifiable scheme which each participant can verify his own share from dealer‘s distribution and ensure each participant to receive valid share. Another does not have a trusted center, here, each participant plays a dual-role as the dealer and shadow(or share) provider in the whole scheme.