我与《大学物理》杂志的学术渊源

《大学物理》是我国重要的物理学教学和教育的专业期刊,也是笔者科学研究起步的学术平台.笔者在大学时代有两篇文章在《大学物理》上发表,这不仅影响了笔者后来的研究风格和学术品味,而且坚定了笔者走向科学研究道路的信心.笔者个人成长经历表明,办好《大学物理》这类专业教学期刊,的确可以助推年轻人实现从学习知识到创造知识的飞跃.     

基于分子动力学模拟的石墨烯镁基复合材料力学行为

镁合金因其低密度被视为最轻的工程结构金属材料,但因较差的塑性变形行为限制了其广泛应用,因此增强镁合金的综合力学性能已经成为当前材料领域的研究热点.本文采用分子动力学模拟方法,研究了在拉伸载荷下石墨烯对金属镁变形行为和力学性能的影响.研究结果表明,石墨烯的嵌入能够明显提升金属镁的强度和杨氏模量,并对其塑性变形阶段的第二次应变强化产生较大影响.研究指出,石墨烯镁基(GR/Mg)复合材料和纯镁的塑性变形行为相同,在塑性变形过程中均发生了从密排六方到体心立方再到密排六方结构的相变.石墨烯嵌入位置对GR/Mg复合材料上下两部分镁基体的塑性变形行为有较大的影响.当石墨烯嵌入高度较小时,石墨烯下方的镁基体塑性变形能力较强,容易发生位错滑移,而当石墨烯嵌入高度较大时,石墨烯上下方的两部分镁基体的塑性变形能力相当,它们的塑性变形行为趋于同步.此外,本文对镁基体的相变机制也进行了详细分析.本文的研究结果对于设计高性能的石墨烯金属基复合材料具有一定的理论指导意义.     

Cluster Growth Through Monomer Adsorption Processes

We propose a monomer adsorption model, in which only the monomers are allowed to diffuse and adsorb onto other clusters. By means of the generalized rate equation we investigate the kinetic behavior of the system with a special rate kernel. For the system without monomer input, the concentration aj（t） of the Aj clusters （j 〉 1） asymptotically retains a nonzero quantity, while for the system with monomer input, it decays with time and vanishes finally. We also investigate the kinetics of an interesting model with fixed-rate monomer adsorption. For the ease without monomer source, the evolution of the system will halt at a finite time; while the system evolves infinitely in time in the case with monomer source. Finally, we also suggest a connection between the fixed-rate monomer adsorption systems and growing networks.     

Dynamical Behavior of an Atomic Beam Interacting with a Fock State Light Field

The collapse and revival of evolution with photon number of population inversion in the case of an atomic beam with velocity distribution interacting with a single-mode and Fock-state light field is investigated by full quantum theory. Compared to the previously reported coherent state case [Li B and Chen J B Chin. Phys. Lett. 26（2009）123203], which was induced by evolution with coupling strength of population inversion, in the case under consideration there exists Poisson distribution of photon numbers and atomic velocity distribution in the beam. Moreover, we prove that above, the collapse and revival have an analogy with conventional collapse and revival [Eberly J H et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 44（1980）1323] in both the mathematical expression and physical significance.     

Electromechanical Behavior of Interdigitated SiO2 Cantilever Arrays

Bending and first flexural mode vibration behavior of electrostatic actuated nanometer-sized interdigitated cantilever arrays are characterized under vacuum conditions. The pull-in＇＇ effect in dc driving and the hard spring effect＇＇ in ac driving are observed. A mass sensitivity of 20 fg is expected for our devices due to the ultra-small mass of the arm and relative high Q factor. The mass-spring lump model combined with Green＇s function method is used to fit the dc driving behaviors including the pull-in voltage. For the ac driving case, the polynomial expansion of the capacitive force is used in the model. The successfully fittings of the pull-in voltage and the hard spring effect prove that our simulation method could be used for guiding the geometrical design of cantilever-based sensors.     

Strong-Superstrong Transition in Glass Transition of Metallic Glass

Dynamic fragility of bulk metallic glass （BMG） of Zr64Cu16Ni10Al10 alloy is studied by three-point beam bending methods. The fragility parameter mfor Zr64Cu16Ni10Al10 BMG is calculated to be 24.5 at high temperature, which means that the liquid is a ＂strong＂ liquid, while to be 13.4 at low temperature which means that the liquid is a ＂super-strong＂ liquid. The dynamical behavior of Zr64Cu16Ni10Al10 BMG in the supercooled region undergoes a strong to super-strong transition. To our knowledge, it is the first time that a strong-to-superstrong transition is found in the metallic glass. Using small angle x-ray scattering experiments, we find that this transition is assumed to be related to a phase separation process in supercooled liquid.     

Phase Transition Behavior of LiCr 0.35 Mn0.65O2 under High Pressure by Electrical Conductivity Measurement

The electrical conductivity of powdered LiCr 0.35 Mn0.65O2 is measured under high pressure up to 26.22 GPa in the temperature range 300-413 K by using a diamond anvil cell. It is found that both conductivity and activation enthalpy change discontinuously at 5.36 GPa and 21.66 GPa. In the pressure range 1.10-5.36 GPa, pressure increases the activation enthalpy and reduces the carrier scattering, which finally leads to the conductivity increase. In the pressure ranges 6.32-21.66 GPa and 22.60-26.22 GPa, the activation enthalpy decreases with pressure increasing, which has a positive contribution to electrical conductivity increase. Two pressure-induced structural phase transitions are found by in-situ x-ray diffraction under high pressure, which results in the discontinuous changes of conductivity and activation enthalpy.     

铜基大块非晶合金添加微量元素对腐蚀行为的影响机理研究

通过分子动力学方法模拟了Cu-Al合金液相,然后模拟降温过程得到Cu-Al非晶合金.通过计算机编程建立了Cu-Al-M非晶基体、Cu-Al-M非晶表面及吸附O原子Cu-Al-M非晶表面原子结构模型.利用实空间连分数方法,研究了添加微量合金元素Zr,Nb,Ta,V,Y,Sc对Cu基大块非晶合金的腐蚀行为的影响机理.研究发现合金元素Zr,Nb,Ta,V,Sc不向清洁Cu基非晶表面偏聚,但除Y外向有氧吸附的表面偏聚,说明有氧吸附后Cu基非晶表面偏聚发生逆转.键级积分计算表明Zr,Nb,Ta,V,Y,Sc元素均增大与氧之间的结合力,易形成氧化膜,提高Cu基大块非晶的耐蚀性.稀土Y提高Cu基大块非晶的耐蚀性可能是由于它向合金与氧化膜界面偏聚并提高了合金与氧化膜的结合力.     

Decay of Loschmidt Echo at a Critical Point in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model

An analytical expression of the Loschmidt echo in the Lipkin-Meshkov Gliek model is derived in the thermody- namical limit. It is used in the study of the decaying behaviour of the echo at the critical point of a quantum phase transition of the model It is shown that the echo has a power law decay for relatively long times.