Experimental study of vortex-induced vibrations of a cylinder near a rigid plane boundary in steady flow

In this study, the vortex-induced vibrations of a cylinder near a rigid plane boundary in a steady flow are studied experimentally. The phenomenon of vortex-induced vibrations of the cylinder near the rigid plane boundary is reproduced in the flume. The vortex shedding frequency and mode are also measured by the methods of hot film velocimeter and hydrogen bubbles. A parametric study is carded out to investigate the influences of reduced velocity, gap-to-diameter ratio, stability parameter and mass ratio on the amplitude and frequency responses of the cylinder. Experimental results indicate： （1） the Strouhal number （St） is around 0.2 for the stationary cylinder near a plane boundary in the sub-criti- cal flow regime; （2） with increasing gap-to-diameter ratio （eo/D）, the amplitude ratio （A/D） gets larger but frequency ratio （f/fn） has a slight variation for the case of larger values of eo/D（eo/D 〉 0.66 in this study）; （3） there is a clear difference of amplitude and frequency responses of the cylin- derbetween the larger gap-to-diameter ratios （e0/D 〉 0.66） and the smaller ones （e0/D 〈 0.3）; （4） the vibration of the cylinder is easier to occur and the range of vibration in terms of Vr number becomes more extensive with decrease of the stability parameter, but the frequency response is affected slightly by the stability parameter; （5） with decreasing mass ratio, the width of the lock-in ranges in terms of Vr and the frequency ratio （f/fn） become larger.     

宽带随机振动峰值应力分析与试验研究

考核结构件在宽带随机激励下的强度,需要考察结构的峰值应力响应. 利用随机振动 和正弦振动之间的峰值等效原理,通过正弦振动在共振频率点的应力响应来计算随机振动的 峰值应力. 以某结构件为例,利用有限元分析软件MSC.NASTRAN,对该结构件进行了模态分 析、频响分析、随机振动加速度响应及峰值应力响应分析;同时实施了随机激励下的应力测 试试验. 比较分析与试验的峰值应力,误差在10{\%}以内,表明了该工程分析方法和技术途 径是合理的.     

斜拉桥主梁振动对拉索阻尼器减振效果的影响

应用拉索索端阻尼器是大跨度斜拉桥拉索减振的主要措施之一. 将主梁、索与阻尼器组合起来作为一个振动体系,通过理论分析与试验研究相结合的方法初步研究了主梁振动对拉索附加阻尼器减振效果的影响. 建立了由索、梁和Kelvin阻尼器组成的简化理论模型; 设计了索、梁和阻尼器组合系统的简化力学试验模型; 详细研究了主梁振动对拉索附加阻尼器减振效果的影响. 理论与试验分析结果表明: 对于容易发生索、梁耦合振动的拉索,主梁振动明显降低拉索附加阻尼器的减振效果;在大跨度斜拉桥拉索的减振设计中,需考虑主梁参与振动的影响.      

Calculation and interpretation of the ir spectra of a number of N-acetylpyridinium salts

Based on calculation of frequencies and modes of normal vibrations of salts of N-acyl-4-dimethylaminopyridinium with N-acyl groups of different structures (acetyl, methoxycarbonyl, dimethylcarbamoyl), an interpretation is given of the IR spectra of the corresponding N-acyloinic cations. It is shown that the differences recorded in the experimental spectra of the salts are due to interaction between skeletal deformational vibrations of the aromatic ring and the deformational vibrations of acyl groups and to the manifestation of the characteristic vibrations of proper acyl groups. The stretching and deformational vibrations of the 4-dimethylamino group are insensitive to the nature of the acyl fragment. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 67, No. 1, pp. 26–28, January–February, 2000.     

Vibrational spectra and crystal lattice dynamics of hexahydrates of zinc potassium and ammonium sulfates

The IR spectra and polarized Raman spectra of crystals of hexahydrates of zinc potassium and ammonium sulfates have been obtained experimentally at 93 K and at room temperature. The frequencies and modes of normal vibrations of the octahedral complex [Zn(H₂O)₆]²⁺ have been calculated. The assignment of the observed lines of the internal and external vibrations of the crystal cell has been made by calculations and by factor-group analysis. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 67, No. 2, pp. 162–168, March–April, 2000.     

Quantization of Nuclear Octupole Vibration in the Parameter Space

In the framework of Bohr model, the quantized Hamiltonian based on nuclear nonaxial octupole deformation is derived in the'pararneter space, which is important to analyze the oscillating properties of atomic nucleus.     

密频模态滤波器的实现及其在智能结构中的应用

针对空间智能桁架密频结构,提出了一种适应性较好的模态滤波器的实现方法,基于模态滤波器和分时共享充分利用作动器的思想,采用独立模态空间控制方法,实现了空间智能桁架结构的振动主动控制。仿真结构表明了这种控制策略的有效性。     

折线型非线性振动响应计算的时域有限元分段求解

本文研究折线型非线性振动系统响应的求解,按分段线性性质建立了分段线性的时域有限元离散模型。在求解中先计算当前段的振动响应,根据转折条件判断是否存在转折点。当存在多个转折点时,以最早出现的转折点作为下一段的起始点,否则以本时间段终点作为下一段的起始点,然后进入下一段的计算。本文方法能在每一段较精确地求出转折点,并同时给出该转折点之前各结点的响应解。较有效地解决了这类问题的数值求解。文中算例给出了相当精确的计算结果,验证了本文方法的有效性。     

轨道系统高频振动分析的动态子结构法

提出了包含钢轨断面弹性变形、轨下不连续支承、横垂向交叉导的轨道高频振动分析模型。根据轮轨特点,提出适合轮轨高频振动分析的阻抗聚缩法。预测结果与试验结果吻合较好。分析表明约８００Ｈｚ以下,钢轨振动表现为整体振动,再高频率钢轨发生断面弹性变形的振动。我国轨道系统第一、第二、阶二振频率分别为１５０Ｈｚ和３２０Ｈｚ,ｐｉｎｎｅｄ－ｐｉｎｎｅｄ共振频率的１２８０Ｈｚ。     

考虑刚体运动与弹性运动耦合影响的旋转叶片振动有限元分析

本文研究了旋转叶片的纵向振动和双向横振动,考虑了刚体运动和弹性振动的耦合关系,利用有限元法推导出离散系统动力学方程,从而引出陀螺特征值问题。本文就某一特例了计算了在不同转速时叶片振动的自然频率,讨论了转速对振动频率的影响。