空间激光与单模光纤和光子晶体光纤的耦合效率

为了设计最优光纤耦合系统,利用高斯模场近似单模阶跃光纤的模场和大模面积光子晶体光纤的模场,推导出了理想情况下空间激光与这两种光纤的耦合效率解析表达式以及光纤端面相对于耦合系统存在横向偏移和端面倾斜时的耦合效率解析表达式。基于上述理论表达式计算了空间激光与光纤的耦合效率,并通过实验验证了此理论表达式的有效性。理论计算和实验均证实了单模阶跃光纤对于横向偏移更敏感,当横向偏移量等于单模光纤的纤芯半径时所对应的耦合效率只有20.25%,为理论最大值的1/4;而大模面积光子晶体光纤对于端面倾斜更加敏感,当端面倾斜2°时对应的耦合效率只有40.5%,为理论最大值的1/2。所提出理论表达式和实验方法完全可以为设计光纤耦合系统提供准确的参数。     

Stereoscopic video surveillance system for detection of target’s 3D location coordinates and moving trajectories

In this paper, a novel stereoscopic video surveillance system to track a target person and detect its three-dimensional (3D) location coordinates and moving trajectory is implemented by using the pan/tilt-controlled stereo camera system. Stereoscopic video images of a target person are captured with stereo camera system and the target face and its location in the left image plane can be detected by use of YCbCr color model and centroid method. Also the target location in the right image plane can be obtained through correlation between the left face image and the right image by using the binary phase extraction joint transform correlator (BPEJTC) algorithm. With these location data of the target face in the left and right image planes the pan/tilt systems can control the stereo camera to track a target person by positioning the target face at the center of the camera’s FOV and making the focusing points of the right and left camera coincided on the target face. And then, with the resultant pan/tilt angles and geometric parameters of the stereo camera system, the target’s real 3D location coordinates and moving trajectory in the world space can be obtained. From some experiments with 900 frames of stereoscopic video image pairs, it is analyzed that the target’s center location after being tracked is kept to be very low error ratio of 0.62%, 2.04% on the average in the x, y directions of the image plane, respectively. Also, the error ratio between the calculated and measured values of the 3D location coordinates of a target person is found to be very low value of 2.1%, 5.7% on the average in the X and Y directions of the real world space, respectively.     

Zernike多项式展开系数的时间相关性

 分析了受大气湍流扰动的光波波前在系统接收孔径上的Zernike多项式展开系数的时间相关性,在此基础上进一步分析了从不同方向到达系统接收孔径的光波波前整体倾斜之间的相关性,并给出了光波在水平均匀大气中传播时的结果。     

多单元光纤激光阵列的倾斜控制实验研究

本文结合光纤激光阵列技术的发展趋势,介绍一种基于大模场面积光纤的自适应光纤光源准直器的研制进展,搭建七单元光纤激光阵列,进行平行发射体系下阵列间的倾斜控制实验,并初步探索了基于目标在回路的共形发射体系下阵列间的倾斜控制.最后,在三级全光纤放大链路的主振荡-功率放大系统中,完成了两路10W量级光纤激光阵列的倾斜控制及锁相.为在实际大气环境下应用光纤激光阵列技术提供了参考.     

能动磨盘变形检测中的各误差因素分析

针对现有f530 mm能动磨盘的检测系统（有效检测口径f420 mm）,系统分析了检测过程中的球头误差、传感器安装角度误差和坐标定位误差,并给出了各项误差对检测精度的影响。同时,还针对检测基座不完全水平的问题建立模型,应用最小二乘法实现了检测数据的去倾斜处理。给出了实测数据去倾斜前后和误差补偿前后的检测精度对比情况,结果表明去倾斜算法能较好地还原实测数据,补偿检测中的系统误差有助于提高检测精度。     

Pressure Dependence of the Metal-Insulator and Superconducting Phase Transitions in (TMTSF)2 Reo4

Measurements of the pressure and temperature dependence of the a-axis resistivity of (TMTSF) ₂ReO₄, are presented. The metal-insulator transition seen in this material at the remarkably high temperature of ～180 K at ambient pressure and which is associated with an ordering of the ReO₄, anions is suppressed under pressure. For pressures above ～9.5 kbar we observe a superconducting transition near 1.3 K. There is a narrow intermediate pressure regime about 2.5 kbar in width in which both superconductivity and effects of anion ordering are observed. In this regime (i) a superconducting transition is seen near 1.3 K even though ρ just above the transition can be up to 10-100 times greater than ρ(300 K), and (ii) there is an extraordinarily large hysteresis in p below ～ 100 K with the possibility of varying the resistance of the low temperature state by several orders of magnitude by appropriate temperature cycling. These results establish the first order character of the transition. We suggest that at high pressures the anions remain frozen in a metastable disordered state to low temperatures.     

利用群速度匹配的级联二阶非线性实现超短激光脉冲压缩

提出了一种采用倾斜脉冲的级联二阶非线性来实现超短激光脉冲压缩的方法. 对基于单块BBO晶体中基频光与倍频光群速度匹配的级联二阶非线性的脉冲压缩方案进行了理论分析. 对比研究了群速度匹配与失配情况下利用级联二阶非线性进行脉冲压缩的效果, 并模拟分析了基频光与倍频光的位相失配量、非线性晶体长度、 基频光初始峰值光强和初始脉宽等因素对脉冲压缩效果的影响. 结果表明, 基频光与倍频光的群速度匹配将会大幅度改善压缩脉冲的时间波形和频谱分布. 通过对位相失配量、晶体长度、初始光强等参数的优化和选取可获得较理想的压缩效果. 采用倾斜脉冲的级联二阶非线性的脉宽压缩方法, 针对中心波长800 nm、脉宽100 fs, 峰值光强为50 GW/cm²的基频光脉冲, 采用25 mm厚BBO晶体, 当基频光与倍频光位相失配量Δk=60 mm^-1(对应失谐角1.98°), 晶体外部脉冲前沿倾斜角γ₀=74°时, 计算获得了质量较好的20 fs剩余基频光, 并同时产生了14 fs的倍频光. 关键词： 倾斜波 级联二阶非线性 群速度失配 脉冲压缩     

Effect of the chiral chain length on structural and phase properties of ferroelectric liquid crystals

Studies of structural and phase properties obtained on several ferroelectric liquid crystalline materials with 2-alkoxypropionate group used as a chiral centre and without any lateral substitution are presented. In dependence on the chiral chain length these compounds exhibit the cholesteric N* phase, the ferroelectric smectic C* and a low-temperature SmX phase. Values of the spontaneous polarization and spontaneous tilt angle have been determined within the whole range of the SmC* phase. A low-temperature SmX phase has been identified as the orthogonal hexatic SmB* phase. The molecular parameters, namely the layer spacing in the SmC* and SmB* phases and the average intermolecular distances (D) between neighbouring parallel molecules in all investigated phases have been determined using the results of the X-ray diffraction obtained on non-oriented samples. The effect of the chiral chain length on mesomorphic, structural and physical properties of the studied ferroelectric liquid crystalline materials is discussed.     

超导技术在飞轮储能系统中的应用及前景

阐述了飞轮储能装置原理和超导磁悬浮理论,并设计了超导飞轮储能系统的基本结构。采用超导磁悬浮轴承技术可以解决普通的飞轮储能系统由于有机械轴承摩擦产生的能量损耗,克服普通飞轮储能的低效、储能时间短等问题。最后简要介绍了超导飞轮储能技术的发展前景。     

共形整流罩像差特性分析及校正方法

共形结构不仅具有良好的空气动力学性能,且不存在由于表面不连续造成的热梯度等问题,因而采用该结构的导弹整流罩更有利于导弹系统作战性能的提高。但共形结构中采用的非球面罩曲面使整流罩表现出许多不同于球形结构的动态特性,这给导引头中光学系统的设计带来很多困难。在分析共形结构一阶特性的基础上,利用矢量像差理论详细分析该结构中初级像差产生的原因及特点,并提出通过控制元件的倾斜和偏心来平衡所有观察视场中像差的方法。软件分析结果表明：加入倾斜偏心元件后可适当放大小观察视场中的像差,共形整流罩在各观察视场中具有较为稳定的像差特性,有效地改善了该结构的成像质量。