基于主成分分析的太阳光谱信息提取

太阳光谱观测是研究太阳大气活动现象有效手段之一。提出了一种基于主成分分析的太阳光谱特征信息提取和重构方法,分析了重构数据噪声抑制程度和主成分阶数的关系,计算了不同主成分阶数下重构数据的谱线信噪比以及多普勒速度测量精度。结果显示特征信息提取后,重构数据较大程度保留了原始光谱数据信息,光谱数据信噪比明显提高,谱线多普勒速度测量精度也显著提高,并且三维光谱数据存储和传输量大幅缩减。该方法能够满足一米新真空太阳望远镜当前数据规范发布需求和科学目标要求,为中国在建的光纤阵列太阳望远镜以及未来的巨型太阳望远镜光谱数据处理提供参考。     

激光诱导击穿光谱对四种香的快速检测

激光诱导击穿光谱技术(laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy)作为一种极具前景的分析和测量技术应用日益广泛。对四种香(艾草香、藏香、檀香、沉香)样品进行了激光等离子体光谱测量和分析, 得到了样品中元素的成分;并且对四种香样品中的Cu,Mn,Ca和Fe四种金属元素典型谱线的强度进行了统计分析和元素含量的对比。基于等离子体的局域热动力学的平衡模型, 计算了Ca元素的等离子体温度。实验结果为采用激光诱导击穿光谱对香品成分进行快速检测和分析的可行性提供了依据。     

人体腿部四层结构的红外热成像有限元分析

为研究人体红外热成像和体内肿瘤热源的关联,本文构建了包括骨层、肌肉层、脂肪层、皮肤层的人体腿部有限元模型。根据体内温度沿径向分布的特点,给出了各区域内动脉血液灌注热生成率随径向坐标变化的情况,解决了有限元建模中动脉血灌注热生成率随温度变化的非线性问题。进而用有限元方法数值计算了不同尺寸和不同深度的体内肿瘤所带来的温度变化。结果表明：在所研究的肿瘤尺寸范围内,肿瘤尺寸越小,体内温度提升越高,体表的峰值温度越高,体表温度分布半峰宽越窄,温度变化越陡峭。对于特定尺寸的肿瘤,肿瘤越深,体内峰值温度越高,体表的峰值温度越低,体表温度分布半峰宽越宽,温度变化越平缓。     

各向异性作用下合金定向凝固界面稳定性的渐近分析

采用渐近分析方法对考虑了界面能各向异性的单相二元合金平界面定向凝固过程进行了线性稳定性分析，得到了特定条件下的零级、一级渐近解，并通过对长波段渐近解的讨论得出了适用于整个波段的色散关系.分析表明零级渐近解等效于成分过冷理论，而一级渐近解则与M-S稳定性理论一致.在稳定状态控制参数(抽拉速度和温度梯度)的选择图中，界面能各向异性增大了不稳定区域，且在高速和高温度梯度时的影响更强.     

精确确定光路中四分之一波片光轴方位的新方法

为了准确安装四分之一波片,介绍了一种精确确定光路中四分之一波片光轴方位的新方法,并利用米勒矩阵理论分析了影响测量结果的误差因素.测试方法所用的主要理论有米勒矩阵理论、傅里叶分析方法和最小二乘法.该方法利用最小二乘法得到了最优傅里叶系数,利用消光比测试原理实现了检偏棱镜的精确安装,利用反馈环控制系统对步进电机的步进角进行了控制.误差分析表明该方法的测量误差与四分之一波片光轴方位角本身的大小有关.实验结果表明该方法的标准不确定度为0.03.     

激光遥感偏振成像系统光学元件调整及误差分析

改进了利用双旋转波片方法进行偏振成像的实验装置,提出了通过一次测量获得目标偏振度和强度编码图像的方法.运用光强法对激光遥感偏振成像装置的光学元件进行调整,通过斯托克斯和穆勒矩阵在偏振光学元件中的应用,给出了相应光学元件的调整原理、方法及过程.分析了激光器中心波长变动、偏振片的角度误差和波片的相位延迟及角度误差对整个系统的影响.结果表明,由偏振片角度和波片角度误差造成的出射光斯托克斯误差较小,不超过0.001,可以忽略;由波片相位延迟不精确造成的误差在0.02左右,所以应采用延迟精度较高的波片;激光器中心波长变化的影响最大,不能忽略,必须加滤光片使接收光的中心波长控制在808nm;镀有铝膜望远镜对接收到的散射光偏振度影响较小,适于激光遥感偏振成像系统的应用.     

Design of a stripline kicker for tune measurement in CSNS RCS

For CSNS RCS tune measurement, tune value is measured by exciting the bunch with a strip-line kicker fed with white noise and using a FFT algorithm. This article simulates the strip-line kicker in RCS and the efficiency of the kicker is discussed in a Matlab environment. The parameters of the kicker with an arc electrode structure such as a VSWR, wake impedance, and thermal state are analyzed based on the advantages of this design.     

Measurement of Principal-Stress Directions from Photoelastic Experiment Using Generalized Phase-Shift Method

A generalized phase-shift method is developed for automatic measurement of principal-stress directions in the whole field of a model from photoelastic experiments. This method uses a set of light intensities obtained from the rotation of polaroids in dark-field plane polariscopes at each point. To investigate the accuracy of the measurement, time-series light intensity curves with different noise and different numbers of data which constitute the curves are used in computer simulation. The error of the measurement of the principal-stress directions obtained by the method is not greatly affected by noise when the number of data exceeds 50. This method is applied to a circular disk subjected to a concentrated load. The principal-stress directions obtained by the method are found to be in good agreement with the theory.Presented at 1996 International Workshop on Interferometry (IWI ‘96), August 27–29, Saitama, Japan.     

Automatic Deformation Analysis in Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry Using One Speckle Interferogram of Deformed Object

We propose a new fringe analysis method that uses only one speckle interferogram of a deformed object to obtain phase change distribution by deformation. This method uses cos^-1 operations to extract absolute, not signed, values of new phase after deformation. Considering the phase changes in a small local area, true phase changes retain almost the same value by assuming a continuous deformation in the area. This retention determines the sign of the new phase. From the new phase and the initial phase, the phase change distribution by the deformation can be obtained. Experimental results show the usefulness of this method.     

Development of a reader for the routine analysis of CR-39 fast neutron dosemeters: improvement of the dosimetric performance using automatic vision and motion tools

At the personal dosimetry service of the ENEA Radiation Protection Institute, a fast neutron dosemeter based on chemically etched CR-39 (Poly Allyl Diglycol Carbonate) is operating since more than 20 years. Since then the track counting has been performed with a system consisting of a microscope, a video camera and an image analyser. A new automatic analysis system has been developed, based on automatic motion and vision tools and the programming language Labview 6, from National Instruments. The system selects the correct number of reading fields on the basis of a preliminary scan of the dosemeter, therefore operating motion and vision procedures in order to perform the analysis. For each reading field the system collects the track area distribution to which a previously optimised algorithm is applied, in order to correct the energy dependence of the response. For each dosemeter, a record containing the barcode and all data necessary for assessing the personal dose equivalent is stored in a routine file. Taking advantage of automatic vision and motion, a CR-39 reader with innovative features in terms of reproducibility, velocity and accuracy is now available even for the routine purposes of dosimetric services.