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121.
采用延迟扩散方程[7,9]描述了具有边界吸收条件下,非定常剪切流动中的剪切弥散特性.给出了记忆函数、中心位移函数的控制方程.特例分析结果表明:所采用的模型方程是合理的;边界吸收效应使得纵向浓度分布具有后倾的趋势.这主要是由于边界吸收使得低速强剪切区浓度减少,剪切弥散贡献减少,从而污染物对流速度高于断面的平均速度. 相似文献
122.
123.
B. Hinkelmann 《Rheologica Acta》1981,20(6):561-568
Zusammenfassung Durch Zugabe von Glasfasern wird das rheologische Verhalten von Kunststoffschmelzen verändert. Kurzglasfasergefüllte Styrol-Acrylnitril-Copolymere mit verschiedenen Füllgraden wurden mit dem Rotations-und dem Kapillarrheometer untersucht. Sowohl im stationären Bereich als auch im instationären Bereich (Anlauf- und Abklingverhalten) sind Unterschiede zum ungefüllten Material festzustellen: Mit Zunahme des Faseranteils steigt der Schubmodul, und das viskoelastische Überschwingen wird geringer als bei ungefüllten Systemen. Erhöhung von Temperatur, Schergeschwindigkeit und Faseranteil führen zu einer Verkürzung der Relaxationszeiten, Steigerung des hydrostatischen Druckes erwartungsgemäß zu deren Verlängerung.
Summary The rheological behaviour of polymer melts is changed by addition of glass fibres. Experiments were conducted with styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers filled with various amounts of short fibres on a rotational and a capillary rheometer, both under steadystate and transient conditions. It is observed that by adding fibres the shear modulus increases but the stress overshoot decreases. With increase of temperature, shear rate and fibre content relaxation times become shorter whereas with higher hydrostatic pressures they grow longer, as is to be expected.
Mit 9 Abbildungen und 2 Tabellen 相似文献
124.
Summary Data of stress growth under both shear and elongational kinematics have been taken in presence of heating temperature ramps on a commerical polyisobutylene.The experimental results have been analysed on the basis of a generalized Maxwell model already proved to be very accurate in predicting the isothermal behaviour. A good agreement is observed between the theoretical predictions and the experimental results.Also the features usually observed in volume-temperature curves by effect of cooling acrossT
g
are qualitatively reproduced by the model.With 6 figures 相似文献
125.
126.
Bridging the Length Scales: Micromechanics of Granular Media 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Aristotle's statement that the whole is more than the sum of its parts aptly describes the essence of a granular material's rich and complex behaviour, which ultimately arises from internal mechanisms developed on many length scales. Recently, non-invasive experimental studies have given remarkable insight into the evolution of these mechanisms, thereby providing benchmarks and a unique opportunity for the theoretical modelling of these systems. This paper focuses on the challenges of capturing these multiscale mechanisms within the framework of continuum theory. In particular, a new approach toward developing a non-local micropolar constitutive model of granular media using micromechanics and internal variable theory is discussed. To demonstrate the predictive potential of these models, we present their application in the analysis of two fundamental problems to the mechanics of granular media: (i) formation and evolution of shear bands (the precursors of material failure), (ii) the classical Flamant problem. Finally, we briefly discuss the computational challenges in bridging the gap between micromechanical studies of granular media and the applications of continuum theory on the macro-scale via a finite element analysis of the flat punch problem. In practice, this problem is used to assess the load bearing capacity of a material and is fundamental to civil and structural engineering. 相似文献
127.
An experimental study was performed to measure the flow properties of a vertically-orientated shear layer in the vicinity of a free-surface. The effect of surface contamination on the near surface flow field was also determined. Digital Particle Image Velocimetry was used to measure instantaneous and averaged velocity, vorticity, and Reynolds stresses. Results show that the presence of surfactants can cause directional shifts of the shear layer, as well as an overall damping of the turbulence in the vicinity of the free-surface, except in the vicinity of a Reynolds ridge where an increase in Reynolds stress was observed. 相似文献
128.
Let R be a ring and M a right R-module. M is called -cofinitely supplemented if every submodule N of M with M/N finitely generated has a supplement that is a direct summand of M. In this paper various properties of the -cofinitely supplemented modules are given. It is shown that (1) Arbitrary direct sum of -cofinitely supplemented modules is -cofinitely supplemented. (2) A ring R is semiperfect if and only if every free R-module is -cofinitely supplemented. In addition, if M has the summand sum property, then M is -cofinitely supplemented iff every maximal submodule has a supplement that is a direct summand of M. 相似文献
129.
ZhiXiangWU 《数学学报(英文版)》2004,20(1):125-134
In this paper.we study the ring #(D.B)and obtain two very interesting results. First we prove in Theorem 3 that the category of rational left BU-modules is equivalent to both the category of #-rational left modules and the category of all(B.D)-Hopf modules BM^D.Cai and Chen have proved this result in the case B=D=A.Secondly they have proved that if A has a nonzero left integral then A#A^*rat is a dense subring of Endk(A).We prove that #(A,A) is a dense subring of Endk(Q),where Q is a certain subspace of #(A.A)under the condition that the antipode is bijective(see Theorem18).This condition is weaker than the condition that A has a nonzero integral.It is well known the antipode is bijective in case A has a nonzero integral.Furthermore if A has nonzero left integral,Q can be chosen to be A(see Corollary 19)and #(A,A)is both left and right primitive.Thus A#A^*rat #(A,A)-Endk(A).Moreover we prove that the left singular ideal of the ring #(A,A)is zero.A corollary of this is a criterion for A with nonzero left integral to be finite-dimensional,namely the ring #(A,A)has a finite uniform dimension. 相似文献
130.
ZhongKuiLIU JavedAHSAN 《数学学报(英文版)》2004,20(1):105-114
Let U be a flat right R-module and N an infinite cardinal number.A left R-module M is said to be (N,U)-coherent if every finitely generated submodule of every finitely generated M-projective module in σ[M] is (N,U)-finitely presented in σ[M].It is proved under some additional conditions that a left R-module M is (N,U)-coherent if and only if Л^Ni∈I U is M-flat as a right R-module if and only if the (N,U)-coherent dimension of M is equal to zero.We also give some characterizations of left (N,U)-coherent dimension of rings and show that the left N-coherent dimension of a ring R is the supremum of (N,U)-coherent dimensions of R for all flat right R-modules U. 相似文献