Analysis of Suzuki, Shanker, and Kumar formulations under strong compressions

A critical analysis of the Suzuki, Shanker, and Kumar formulations is presented by studying different classes of materials under high pressure. A similar trend for all the materials studied in the present work, demonstrates that Suzuki formulation is not capable to yield compression behaviour of solids. The Shanker formulation improves the results obtained by the Suzuki formulation in small compression range (0.9<V/V₀<1). For further compressions Shanker formulation also fails. On the other hand, the Kumar formulation is found to work well for the entire range of pressure. The reasons for the failure of Suzuki and Shanker formulations are discussed.     

Charge density study under high pressure

The experimental and analytical method of the high-pressure powder experiment at BL10XU, SPring-8, is described. There is no doubt that BL10XU must be one of the most appropriate beam lines for high pressure X-ray diffraction experiment taking advantage of third generation synchrotron source. As an example of the advanced charge density study under high pressure, the structural change of Cs₂Au₂Br₆ by applying pressure is studied by Rietveld/MEM analysis. It reveals that the structural change of Cs₂Au₂Br₆ by applying pressure occurs basically at electron level, such as valence state change and chemical bonding, which may be called the electronic phase transition.     

Violin frequency response - bridge mobility and bridge feet distance

Good violins have a broad hill in the 2-3 kHz range of their frequency response. This hill has previously been attributed to the first in-plane resonance of the violin bridge. Experiments prove, however, that the hill is the result of two forces acting in opposite directions at the bridge feet. The experiments reported here show that the hill can be “tuned” by altering the distance between the bridge feet. It can be tuned both in terms of frequency and level but the properties of the violin cannot be neglected.     

Surface profile measurement of low-frequency vibrating objects using temporal analysis of fringe pattern

A simple and accurate algorithm (phase scanning method) is proposed for 3D surface contouring and dynamic response determination of a vibrating object. A sinusoidal fringe pattern is projected onto a low-frequency vibrating object by a programmable liquid crystal display projector. The fringe patterns are captured by a high-speed CCD camera with a telecentric gauging lens. Phase values are evaluated point by point using phase scanning method. From the phase values of each point on the object, the contour of the specimen at different instants of vibration can be retrieved. In this paper, a small vibrating coin is used to demonstrate the validity of the method and the experimental results are compared with test results on a stationary coin using four-step phase shifting and fast Fourier transform methods. The technique is especially useful in applications where the vibrating object has a complicated shape.     

水力机械内鲤鱼草鱼的压力损伤模拟试验

通过试验人工模拟水力机械内压力变化过程,测量压力时间变化,观察并解剖分析不同压力变化过程对鲤鱼和草鱼造成损伤的情况。试验发现,负压状态下的压力变化过程会对鱼的生存构成直接威胁,并得到了新型环保水力机械设计中应采用的压力时变导数极限值。     

金属氢研究新进展

简要介绍了金属氢的研究意义和应用前景 ,详细评述了有关的高压实验方法和最近的研究成果及进展 ,特别是固体氢的相图、结构和相变 .近十多年来 ,随着超高压技术的发展 ,已能在金刚石对顶砧 (DAC)上产生30 0GPa的静态压力 ,并可进行高压原位实验研究 .对固体氢进行了高压拉曼、同步辐射X射线、光反射和吸收、同步辐射红外光谱等一系列高压物性和相变研究 .从而确定了固体氢的三个相 ,并提出了可能的相结构 .     

New isothermal equation of state of solids applied to high pressures

In the present paper, a new two-parameter inverted equation of state (EOS) is developed which is found to be working very well in the high-pressure region. To check its success and validity, this EOS has been applied in a number of solids. The computed volume compression is found to be in very good agreement with the experimental data in the whole range of pressure in all the solids. The minimum and the maximum pressure range used in the present study is 0–320 kbar and 0–3000 kbar, respectively.     

Analysis of heterojunction resonant cavity-enhanced Schottky photodiodes by using two-valley transport model

The article concerns heterojunction resonant cavity-enhanced (RCE) Schottky photodiodes with GaAs in the absorption layer. The quantum efficiency and linear pulse response have thoroughly been analysed. For the first time, the response of a heterojunction photodiode has been modelled by the phenomenological model for a two-valley semiconductor. The results obtained have shown that the satellite valleys, as well as the parasitic time constant, significantly influence the response and, accordingly, have to be taken into account when analysing and optimizing RCE photodetectors.     

歧管式微通道流动特性的研究

岐管式微通道(MMC)热沉具有热阻小、结构紧凑、冷却液流量小、流速低、沿流动方向温度分布均匀等优点.本文针对以去离子水为介质的岐管式微通道(宽W=100 μm,深H=300 μm)的流动特性进行了实验研究,实验的雷诺数范围为5O～3500.结果表明工质在微通道内流态由层流向紊流转变的临界雷诺数提前,此外数值模拟结果与实验值也吻合较好.最后在实验基础上,拟合出工质在层流和紊流下的流动阻力经验关联式.     

Comparisons of pharynx, source, formant, and pressure characteristics in operatic and musical theatre singing

Belting, a vocal technique typically cultivated in musical theatre singing, differs timbrally from operatic singing in many interesting respects. The underlying phonatory differences have not been previously investigated in detail. Yet, belting is frequently associated with disturbances of voice function. Articulatory and phonatory characteristics are investigated in a female subject who is a professional singer (co-author JL) trained in both the operatic and belting styles and in an intermediate vocal technique (“mixed”). This article presents data obtained from this subject by video-fiberoptic observation of the pharynx, inverse filtering of airflow, and measurement of subglottal pressure. The results reveal that belting was characterized by very high subglottal pressures and sound levels, and apparently also by a comparatively high degree of glottal adduction. Comparisons with other investigations of related aspects of belting and operatic singing support the assumption that the data obtained from our subject are representative for these vocal techniques.