混合多属性决策问题中的权重研究

针对属性值以精确数、区间数、直觉梯形模糊数给出的混合多属性决策问题,提出一种基于属性的可靠性、属性对决策的影响度和决策者对属性的重视程度这三个维度给权重赋值的方法。首先对属性的可靠性进行定义,并计算出属性的可靠性;接着根据属性内部差异最大化求出属性对决策的影响度;随后利用直觉梯形模糊数之间的距离求出决策者对属性的重视程度,并用投影模型将这三个维度进行集成,得到最终的权重值。该方法能够使权重的获取更加全面,最后利用算例证明了本文方法的可行性。     

多种通信手段在遇险救生体系中的应用研究

我国海域辽阔,各类船只的水上航行和作业安全密切关系到生命和财产的安全,需要可靠保障。由于海上险情发生的随机性和突发性,岸上险情监视力量必须全时、全天候地开设险情通信通道,接收海上遇险对象的遇险呼救信号并及时对遇险信息进行处理。因此,岸基必须建设遇险救生信息系统并规定必要的信息传输流程,保障险情报知通信的顺利完成。文章简要分析了目前海上救生的通信现状,对常用通信手段进行了分析与介绍,并提出了一种整合各通信手段的设计方法,实现了多种通信手段的综合使用以及统一调度,大幅提升险情信息的传输和处理效率,提高险情信息的保密性,为救援工作提供了精确可靠的问责手段。     

GaN/In_xGa_(1-x)N型最后一个量子势垒对发光二极管内量子效率的影响

GaN/In_xGa_(1-x)N型最后一个量子势垒结构能有效提高发光二极管(LED)器件内量子效率,缓解LED效率随输入电流增大而衰减的问题.本文综述了该结构及其结构变化——In组分梯度递增以及渐变、GaN/In_xGa_(1-x)N界面极化率改变等对改善LED器件性能的影响及优势,归纳总结了不同结构的GaN/In_xGa_(1-x)N型最后一个量子垒的工作机理,阐明极化反转是该结构提高LED性能的根本原因.在综述该结构发展的基础之上,通过APSYS仿真计算,进一步探索和深入分析了该结构中In_xGa_(1-x)N层的In组分及其厚度变化对LED内量子效率的影响.结果表明:In组分的增加有助于在GaN/In_xGa_(1-x)N界面产生更多的极化负电荷,增加GaN以及电子阻挡层处导带势垒高度,减少电子泄漏,从而提高LED的内量子效率;但GaN/In_xGa_(1-x)N型最后一个量子势垒中In_xGa_(1-x)N及GaN层厚度的变化由于会同时引起势垒高度和隧穿效应的改变,因而In_xGa_(1-x)N和GaN层的厚度存在一个最佳比值以实现最大化的减小漏电子,提高内量子效率.     

基于一类SVM的综合导航系统信息故障检测方法

为了提高舰艇综合导航系统的可靠性,并考虑到系统准确建模和大量故障数据获取的困难性,提出了一种基于一类支持向量机的信息故障检测方法。该方法主要包括两个过程:第一个过程是根据实测数据,并利用一类支持向量机的分类原理和主元分析法对导航信息进行离线建模;第二个过程是结合主元分析法将该模型应用到实时的信息故障检测中。该方法不依赖于系统模型而且只需要正常的小样本数据对模型进行训练,具有简便易于实现的优点。仿真试验表明,该方法对导航系统的硬故障和软故障都具有较好的检测能力和较短的检测延迟时间,而且该方法对径向基核函数参数的变化具有较低的敏感性,避免了复杂的调参过程。     

Harnessing the Anti-Nociceptive Potential of NK2 and NK3 Ligands in the Design of New Multifunctional μ/δ-Opioid Agonist–Neurokinin Antagonist Peptidomimetics

Opioid agonists are well-established analgesics, widely prescribed for acute but also chronic pain. However, their efficiency comes with the price of drastically impacting side effects that are inherently linked to their prolonged use. To answer these liabilities, designed multiple ligands (DMLs) offer a promising strategy by co-targeting opioid and non-opioid signaling pathways involved in nociception. Despite being intimately linked to the Substance P (SP)/neurokinin 1 (NK1) system, which is broadly examined for pain treatment, the neurokinin receptors NK2 and NK3 have so far been neglected in such DMLs. Herein, a series of newly designed opioid agonist-NK2 or -NK3 antagonists is reported. A selection of reported peptidic, pseudo-peptidic, and non-peptide neurokinin NK2 and NK3 ligands were covalently linked to the peptidic μ-opioid selective pharmacophore Dmt-DALDA (H-Dmt-d-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH₂) and the dual μ/δ opioid agonist H-Dmt-d-Arg-Aba-βAla-NH₂ (KGOP01). Opioid binding assays unequivocally demonstrated that only hybrids SBL-OPNK-5, SBL-OPNK-7 and SBL-OPNK-9, bearing the KGOP01 scaffold, conserved nanomolar range μ-opioid receptor (MOR) affinity, and slightly reduced affinity for the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). Moreover, NK binding experiments proved that compounds SBL-OPNK-5, SBL-OPNK-7, and SBL-OPNK-9 exhibited (sub)nanomolar binding affinity for NK2 and NK3, opening promising opportunities for the design of next-generation opioid hybrids.     

Nonlinear integral resonant controller for vibration reduction in nonlinear systems

A new nonlinear integral resonant controller (NIRC) is introduced in this paper to suppress vibration in nonlinear oscillatory smart structures. The NIRC consists of a first-order resonant integrator that provides additional damping in a closed-loop system response to reduce high-amplitude nonlinear vibration around the fundamental reso-nance frequency. The method of multiple scales is used to obtain an approximate solution for the closed-loop system. Then closed-loop system stability is investigated using the resulting modulation equation. Finally, the effects of different control system parameters are illustrated and an approximate solution response is verified via numerical simulation results. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed controller are presented and extensively discussed in the results. The controlled system via the NIRC shows no high-amplitude peaks in the neighboring frequencies of the resonant mode, unlike conventional second-order compensation methods. This makes the NIRC controlled system robust to excitation frequency variations.     

多点云雾爆炸波相互作用的数值模拟

为研究多点云雾爆炸超压场的分布特性,利用LS-DYNA程序,对4个非圆柱体云雾的爆炸超压的相互作用过程进行了数值模拟,并与实验结果进行了对比。得到了中心区域冲击波相互作用演化过程与中心竖直方向0~20 m处的超压变化规律,以及0°、90°、135°和180°等4个方向的地面峰值超压随水平距离变化的规律。结果表明:中心区域地面依次出现3重冲击波;地面整体超压场强度向中心区域倾斜。在45°方向竖直截面上冲击波波系由入射波、反射波与马赫波构成。     

基于多种搜索策略的人工蜂群算法的结构损伤识别

人工蜂群算法是一种元启发式算法,具有构架简单,易于操作和鲁棒性较好的特点。本文对原始蜂群算法进行了改进,为蜜蜂们提供了更丰富的搜索策略。基于轮盘赌原则选择更优的迭代方式,进而使算法的收敛速度和精度有了显著的提高。基于频率残差和模态置信准则(MAC)建立结构损伤识别问题的目标函数,然后利用ABC算法,QABC算法和本文方法求解该目标函数,得到损伤识别的结果。利用一桁架结构做数值模拟,用简支梁结构进行实验验证。算例表明,改进的算法更能有效地检测出结构的局部损伤,具有对测量噪声不敏感、高效率以及高精度等优点。     

Pedestrian choice behavior analysis and simulation of vertical walking facilities in transfer station

Considering the interlayer height, luggage, the difference between queuing pedestrians, and walking speed, the pedestrian choice model of vertical walking facilities is established based on a support vector machine. This model is verified with the pedestrian flow data of Changchun light-rail transfer station and Beijing Xizhimen transfer station. Adding the pedestrian choice model of vertical walking facilities into the pedestrian simulation model which is based on cellular automata, the pedestrian choice behavior is simulated. In the simulation, the effects of the dynamic influence factors are analyzed. To reduce the conflicts between pedestrians in opposite directions, the layout of vertical walking facilities is improved. The simulations indicate that the improved layout of vertical walking facilities can improve the efficiency of pedestrians passing.     

基于二元语义TAC积分算子的语言型多属性群决策方法

针对属性之间存在模糊关联的语言型多属性群决策问题,给出了二元语义TAC(Two-Additive Choquet)积分算子的定义,分析和证明了算子的有关性质,并提出了相应的决策方法。该方法首先将各专家提供的语言短语形式的属性权重信息、属性关联信息与属性评价信息转化为二元语义形式,然后利用二元语义TAC积分算子将转化后的属性相关信息集结为各专家的方案评价值,并进一步集结专家意见获得方案的综合评价值,从而确定其排序。最后,通过实例分析和方法比较说明了所给方法的有效性和优点。研究结果表明,该方法具有属性关联刻画细致、计算过程简单且无信息损失、决策结果可解释性强等优点,为求解属性之间存在模糊关联的语言型多属性群决策问题提供了一种新的途径。