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71.
Panel‐based stratified cluster sampling and analysis for photovoltaic outdoor measurements 下载免费PDF全文
We study a stratified multisite cluster‐sampling panel time series approach in order to analyse and evaluate the quality and reliability of produced items, motivated by the problem to sample and analyse multisite outdoor measurements from photovoltaic systems. The specific stratified sampling in spatial clusters reduces sampling costs and allows for heterogeneity as well as for the analysis of spatial correlations due to defects and damages that tend to occur in clusters. The analysis is based on weighted least squares using data‐dependent weights. We show that this does not affect consistency and asymptotic normality of the least squares estimator under the proposed sampling design under general conditions. The estimation of the relevant variance–covariance matrices is discussed in detail for various models including nested designs and random effects. The strata corresponding to damages or manufacturers are modelled via a quality feature by means of a threshold approach. The analysis of outdoor electroluminescence images shows that spatial correlations and local clusters may arise in such photovoltaic data. Further, relevant statistics such as the mean pixel intensity cannot be assumed to follow a Gaussian law. We investigate the proposed inferential tools in detail by simulations in order to assess the influence of spatial cluster correlations and serial correlations on the test's size and power. ©2016 The Authors. Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
72.
73.
In developing a new method to measure the phase distribution of a light wave utilizing the adaptive control of the pupil function with a liquid crystal panel, the optimization procedure for the adaptive control is shown to improve when a local algorithm is adopted. The feasibility of the proposed system is confirmed by computer simulation as well as by some basic experiments. 相似文献
74.
V. A. Polyakov R. P. Shlitsa V. V. Khitrov V. I. Zhigun 《Mechanics of Composite Materials》1999,35(6):471-486
The bending characteristics of a composite panel with asymmetric layered structure under local surface loads are obtained. A refined version of the applied theory is developed using the analytical solution of the bending problem of a sandwich plate with arbitrary asymmetric structure under a point load. Local effects are investigated within the limits of a discrete model allowing for the specific character of elastic properties of a soft filler. The advantages of the solution are expressions of bending characteristics — layer curvatures, displacements, and stresses — in a closed form. It is shown that these characteristics can vary several times depending on the asymmetry parameters of the structure. Degeneration peculiarities of the solution, stemming from the slipping of layers or, otherwise, their rigid linking by the Kirchoff—Love hypothesis, as well as from account of the transverse shear and compression of the normal, are examined in line with the degeneration of geometric and physical parameters of the discrete model adopted. The results obtained are illustrated by curves and surfaces for the characteristics studied.Submitted for the 11th International Conference on the Mechanics of Composite Materials (Riga, June 11–15, 2000).Institute of Polymer Mechanics, Latvian University, Riga, LV-1006 Latvia. Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 717–742, November–December, 1999. 相似文献
75.
In this paper, we present a generic mode theory for the three-layer cylindrical waveguides consisting of three arbitrary material mediums. Based on derived eigenvalue equations of the TE, TM, and hybrid modes, the mode conditions of metal/dielectric-coated terahertz hollow waveguides are extracted. In addition, we quantitatively describe both the effective refractive indexes and the loss characteristics of the aurum/polystyrene-coated terahertz hollow waveguides operating at the TE01, TM01, and HE11 modes. It is indicated that the loss coefficient of the TE01 mode can be much lower than that of the TM01, and HE11 modes, and, especially, can tend to that of the terahertz wave in air. So the TE01 mode is very significant for the hollow waveguides in term of low loss propagating of the terahertz wave. We expect these results to enable a variety of new long-distance THz applications in sensing, detecting and communicating. 相似文献
76.
具有较强解释力和灵活性的部分线性可加面板数据模型在各学科领域应用广泛.针对个体内存在相关结构的固定效应部分线性可加面板数据模型,本文在结合幂样条函数和最小二乘虚拟变量(LSDV)法的基础上,利用惩罚二次推断函数(PQIF)法对模型进行估计,在一定的正则条件下,证明了参数估计的渐近正态性和非参数估计的收敛性,Monte Carlo数值模拟显示所述估计方法具有良好的有限样本表现,同时,我们还将估计技术应用于实际数据分析中. 相似文献
77.
Hybrid cylindrical micelles loaded with nanoparticles are fabricated via extrusion of spherical micelles in solution phase through small long cylindrical pores. Small gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are pre‐coated with thiol‐terminated polystyrene and then further encapsulated in the core part of block copolymer spherical micelles by a precipitation method. By varying the starting mass ratio of AuNPs and the diblock copolymers polystyrene‐b‐polyisoprene (PS‐b‐PI) during the encapsulation, the AuNPs loading density along the cylindrical micelles can be controlled. The mechanism for this sphere‐to‐cylinder transition induced by extruding hybrid spherical micelles through small cylindrical nanopores is discussed. These findings provide a novel way to manufacture high‐quality and functional polymeric nanowires, which may open the door to new applications such as in plasmonic waveguides.
78.
Zheng Wang Baohui Li Qinghua Jin Datong Ding An‐Chang Shi 《Macromolecular theory and simulations》2008,17(6):301-312
The self‐assembly of two types of linear ABA triblock copolymers confined in cylindrical nanopores is studied using simulated annealing. The effects of pore size and block copolymer chain architecture on morphology, chain conformations and bridging fraction are investigated. For the bulk cylinder‐forming copolymers, novel structures such as helices and stacked toroids form, which depend sensitively on the pore size. Several significant differences between the two types of copolymers are predicted and explained based on the differences in their chain conformations and chain architectures. A simple model is proposed to explain the mean square radius of gyration for the bridge and loop chains.
79.
Recent developments in quantitative surface analysis by Auger (AES) and x-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies are reviewed and problems relating to a more accurate quantitative interpretation of AES/XPS experimental data are discussed. Special attention is paid to consideration of elementary physical processes involved and influence of multiple scattering effects on signal line intensities. In particular, the major features of core-shell ionization by electron impact, Auger transitions and photoionization are considered qualitatively and rigorous approaches used to calculate the respective transition probabilities are analysed. It is shown that, in amorphous and polycrystalline targets, incoherent scattering of primary and signal Auger and photoelectrons can be described by solving analytically a kinetic equation with appropriate boundary conditions. The analytical results for the angular and energy distribution, the mean escape depth, and the escape probability as a function of depth of origin of signal electrons as well as that for the backscattering factor in AES are in good agreement with the corresponding Mote Carlo simulation data. Methods for inelastic background subtraction, surface composition determination and depth-profile reconstructions by angle-resolved AES/XPS are discussed. Examples of novel techniques based on x-ray induced photoemission are considered. 相似文献
80.
选取了我国30个省市2006~2015年的面板数据,应用面板数据计量模型回归的方法,基于R语言对影响商品房价格的因素进行实证研究.首先,经过Hausman检验与F检验确定面板数据的模型为混合估计模型;模型可以通过十折交叉验证法、残差正太性的检验、Q-Q图检验、变量间共线性的检验;最后经过逐步回归分析,结果表明土地价格、商品房销售面积、居民可支配收入、人均国内总产值财政收入占地区生产总值比重、汇率这6个指标对商品房价格都有显著性的影响.其中,土地价格和居民可支配收入对商品房价格的影响最为突出. 相似文献