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101.
Hiroshi Maejima Yuji Kanetada Hitoshi Sunahori Azusa Murase Takuya Otani Nozomi Sakamoto Osamu Yoshimura Yoshiko Tobimatsu 《Physical Therapy Research》2008,11(1):7-13
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of comprehensive exercise program widely accepted as a community-based physical intervention for the prevention of falling in the elderly persons on their controlling standing balance. Twenty-six community-dwelling elderly persons (13 males and females; 69.8 ± 2.8 years old) participated in this study. Daily exercise was comprised of walking for more than 30 min, stretching, muscle strengthening and balance exercise without exercise equipments. The intervention was continued for three months. Indicators of standing balance related to static balance, dynamic balance and postural response were measured before and after the intervention. As an effect of the intervention on static balance, the sway of center of pressure (COP) in the static stance significantly increased. In the dynamic balance, significant improvements were observed in one leg standing time, the 10-m gait time, functional reach. Additionally, the maximal movable length of COP which subjects can move voluntarily to right and left significantly increased. In the postural response, the integrated electromyography (IEMG) induced by postural response for sudden postural perturbation significantly decreased in the lower leg muscles. Since less muscular activities were sufficient to maintain posture, it was suggested that postural response was elicited more efficiently following the intervention. This study suggested that the comprehensive exercise program, which has been widely introduced as community-based interventions for the prevention of falling, have extensive effects on the control of standing balance covering static balance, dynamic balance and postural response in the elderly persons. 相似文献
102.
This paper reports a comparative study of shear banding in BMGs resulting from thermal softening and free volume creation.
Firstly, the effects of thermal softening and free volume creation on shear instability are discussed. It is known that thermal
softening governs thermal shear banding, hence it is essentially energy related. However, compound free volume creation is
the key factor to the other instability, though void-induced softening seems to be the counterpart of thermal softening. So,
the driving force for shear instability owing to free volume creation is very different from the thermally assisted one. In
particular, long wave perturbations are always unstable owing to compound free volume creation. Therefore, the shear instability
resulting from coupled compound free volume creation and thermal softening may start more like that due to free volume creation.
Also, the compound free volume creation implies a specific and intrinsic characteristic growth time of shear instability.
Finally, the mature shear band width is governed by the corresponding diffusions (thermal or void diffusion) within the band.
As a rough guide, the dimensionless numbers: Thermal softening related number B, Deborah number (denoting the relation of instability growth rate owing to compound free volume and loading time) and Lewis
number (denoting the competition of different diffusions) show us their relative importance of thermal softening and free
volume creation in shear banding. All these results are of particular significance in understanding the mechanism of shear
banding in bulk metallic glasses (BMGs).
Supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences under the project “Multi-Scale Complex System” (Grant No. KJCX-SW-L08), the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10725211 and 10721202), and the Doctorial Start-up Fund of Hunan University
of Science and Technology (Grant No. E50840) 相似文献
103.
104.
ZHAO Hong BAI Cheng-Lin 《理论物理通讯》2004,42(10)
Using the extended homogeneous balance method, we obtained abundant exact solution structures of the (3 1 )-dimensional breaking soliton equation. By means of the leading order term analysis, the nonlinear transformations of the (3t1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation are given first, and then some special types of single solitary wave solutions and the multisoliton solutions are constructed. 相似文献
105.
用低杂波的可的性条件,参量不稳定条件和功率耦合谱分析了低杂波电流驱动。由于波的可近性条件限制耦合谱中平行相速度较大的波进入等离子体中心,参量不稳定性使平行相速度较低的波与离子相互作用,随着等离子体密度的增中,这些作用越来越明显,最终导致低杂波不能在中心与电子相互作用,驱动电流消失,这就是所谓密度极限。在本文建立的模型基础上的计算结果与实验结果符合较好。 相似文献
106.
107.
缪容之 《宁波大学学报(理工版)》1988,(2)
本文证明Cluster模型违背了细致平衡原理,指出了海中核子pick-up图象的不合理性。该模型的发射几率中不考虑复杂粒子正确构成的影响更是一个显著的倒退。 相似文献
108.
109.
Cerisier P Porterie B Kaiss A Cordonnier J 《The European physical journal. E, Soft matter》2005,18(1):85-93
The motion of particles moving under gravity in the velocity field of a liquid in a Bénard hexagonal cell is studied experimentally
and numerically for Stokes flow conditions. We then explain the settlement of particles in the centers of cells to form a
regular quincunx. It is found that sedimentation also occurs preferentially along the lines connecting the centers of adjacent
cells to form a triangle deposition tessellation. Finally, it is explained why particles occupy the central part of each convective
cell while the peripheral part of the cell quickly becomes limpid. Numerical results are in agreement with the experimental
observations of Bénard and those of the present study. 相似文献
110.
B.?Giesen H.?Wiggers A.?Kowalik P.?RothEmail author 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2005,7(1):29-41
The formation and growth of silicon-nanoparticles from silane in a microwave reactor was investigated. Experiments were performed for the following conditions: precursor concentration 380–2530 ppm, pressures of 20–30 mbar, microwave powers 120–300 W. The formed particles were examined in-situ with a particle mass spectrometer. Additionally, particles were collected on grids and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and by determining the specific surface area by BET. The particle size was found to be in the range of 5–8 nm in diameter. A simple model was used to simulate the particle formation processes taking place inside the reactor. The microwave energy coupled into the reactor flow was treated as a spatially distributed energy source resulting in a local temperature increase. The particles were assumed to have a monodisperse size distribution. To allow an approximation of their shape they were characterized by their volume and surface area. The model takes nucleation, convection, coagulation, and coalescence into account. The fluid flow inside the microwave reactor was simulated with the commercial CFD-code Fluent. 相似文献