弹塑性梁在轴向应力波下的动态屈曲

本文考虑轴向应力波效应，利用分叉理论研究各种支承半无限长弹塑性梁的动态屈曲问题。在轴向阶梯载荷和脉冲载荷冲击下得到了梁的临界屈曲载荷及初始屈曲模态。其结果与实验现象相一致。同时也为研究结构动态屈曲问题提供了有效途径。     

Variation of the stress intensity factor along the front of a 3-D rectangular crack subjected to mixed-mode load

Summary  The singular integral equation method is applied to the calculation of the stress intensity factor at the front of a rectangular crack subjected to mixed-mode load. The stress field induced by a body force doublet is used as a fundamental solution. The problem is formulated as a system of integral equations with r ⁻³-singularities. In solving the integral equations, unknown functions of body-force densities are approximated by the product of polynomial and fundamental densities. The fundamental densities are chosen to express two-dimensional cracks in an infinite body for the limiting cases of the aspect ratio of the rectangle. The present method yields rapidly converging numerical results and satisfies boundary conditions all over the crack boundary. A smooth distribution of the stress intensity factor along the crack front is presented for various crack shapes and different Poisson's ratio. Received 5 March 2002; accepted for publication 2 July 2002     

开槽对大跨悬挑平屋盖结构风荷载的影响

本文结合一大跨悬挑平屋盖模型的风洞试验研究，分析了此类结构屋盖的平均局部体型系数和极值局部体型系数的分布特性；并根据其风压的分布特性，提出在悬挑屋盖承受较大负压的屋檐和角点附近这些遇强风易发生破坏的部位采取开槽气动抗风措施，进一步研究了该气动抗风措施对大跨悬挑平屋盖结构风荷载的影响，试验结果显示，它们可以有效地削减屋盖风敏感处的风荷载值，使平均局部体型系数大约降低50％，极值局部体型系数大约降低25％，所得的这些结果对于结构的抗风设计有一定的指导意义。     

拉压性能不同材料的几种结构的极限分析

给出了拉压性能不同材料（简称具有Ｓ－Ｄ效应的材料）的几种结构的极限载荷公式。揭示出材料的拉压性能不同对几种结构承载能力的影响规律。所给出的极限载荷公式可供工程设计人员参考。     

埋入压电元件的自诊断智能结构的理论分析与实验研究

将压电元件埋设于复合材料层板结构中，可实现结构应变分布的在线监测。本文提出一种采用压电应变传感器阵列和人工神经网络模型的自诊断方法，对局部埋入压电应变传感元件的平板结构进行了分析，采用神经网络模型根据压电传感器组的输出识别结构承载位置和大小，对该方法进行了数值模拟和实验验证。     

Influence of cyclic loading on crack growth kinetics in a viscoelastic orthotropic plate made of a composite material

The kinetics of crack growth in a viscoelastic orthotropic plate made of a composite material is analyzed. The external load is the superposition of a cyclic load and a constant tensile load. The level of the tensile load is assumed to exceed the amplitude of the cyclic load. The kinetic curves are compared with the constant tension curves. The effect of the cyclic component is studied.Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 40, No. 9, pp. 116–122, September 2004.     

Experimental and numerical investigation of concrete properties effects on fracture toughness under complex loading

Abstract

This article is presenting the common experimental specimen for determining the fracture toughness of the first pure mode and second pure mode. The Notched beam is chosen from a presented common specimen in the form of three-point flexure beam and four-point flexure beam that were built in the concrete laboratory. For prevention of cracks growth, a critical load of first pure mode and the second pure mode of each specimen computed. Obtained results are used for computing the fracture toughness. For the purpose of investigating the effective fracture parameters in the suggested specimen, finite element analysis on the mentioned geometry is performed. Obtained results show that different parameters are effective on the fracture toughness including crack length, cement percentage, water and the thickness of biggest used aggregate in the sand. Also with changing each of these parameters, the fracture mechanic properties are changed. Each of these effects is examined separately in this article and the conclusions presented in tables and figures.

Communicated by Dumitru Caruntu.     

Flutter instability and other singularity phenomena in symmetric systems via combination of mass distribution and weak damping

The local dynamic instability of autonomous conservative, lumped-mass (discrete) systems, is thoroughly discussed when negligibly small dissipative forces are included. It is shown that such small forces may change drastically the response of these systems. Hence, existing, widely accepted, findings based on the omission of damping could not be valid if damping, being always present in actual systems, is included. More specifically the conditions under which the above systems may experience dynamic bifurcations associated either with a degenerate or a generic Hopf bifurcation are examined in detail by studying the effect of the structure of the damping matrix on the Jacobian eigenvalues. The case whereby this phenomenon may occur before divergence is discussed in connection with the individual or coupling effect of non-uniform mass and stiffness distribution. Jump phenomena in the critical dynamic loading at a certain mass distribution are also assessed. Numerical results verified by a non-linear dynamic analysis using 2-DOF and 3-DOF models confirm the validity of the theoretical findings as well as the efficiency of the technique proposed herein.     

海冰动力学数值模拟中改进的PIC方法

为了准确地模拟海冰的动力过程,需要建立精确有效的数值方法。本文结合质点网格法(PIC)和光滑质点流体动力学方法(SPH)发展了一种改进的PIC方法。该方法在欧拉坐标下对海冰动量方程进行差分计算,在拉格朗日坐标下进行海冰质点位移、厚度和密集度计算,并采用Gauss函数进行欧拉网格点与拉格朗日质点间海冰参数的交互插值。采用改进的PIC方法对规则区域内的海冰堆积过程进行了数值试验,对渤海海冰的动力过程进行了72小时数值模拟。计算结果均表明改进的PIC方法具有计算量小,计算结果平稳精确的优点,可很好地适用于海冰动力作用过程的数值模拟。     

Second order effects in an elastic half-space acted upon by a non-uniform normal load

A closed form solution to the second order elasticity problem, when an isotropic compressible elastic half-space undergoes a deformation owing to a non-uniformly distributed normal load, is presented. The method of integral transform is employed and the case when loading is distributed, in accordance with Hertz's law, is discussed. The limiting solution for incompressible isotropic elastic material is also derived. Numerical calculations for the second order elastic material for the displacement and the normal stress in thez-direction are carried out. It is found that, in comparision to the linear elastic case, the displacement increases and the normal stress decreases in the second order elastic material

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Sommario Si presenta una soluzione del secondo ordine in forma chiusa del problema di un semi-spazio elastico isotropo compressibile soggetto a un carico normale distribuito non uniformemente, ottenuta mediante il metodo delle trasformate integrali. Si discute il caso del carico distribuito secondo la legge di Hertz; si deriva anche la soluzione limite per materiale elastico isotropo incompressibile. Si ottengono numericamente alcuni risultati relativi a spostamenti e tensioni normali nella direzione z: si trova che, a paragone del caso elastico lineare, gli spostamenti aumentano e le tensioni diminuiscono nel materiale elastico del secondo ordine.