电磁力控制翼型绕流分离的增升减阻效率研究

电磁力可有效对流体流动进行控制,增升减阻,抑制流动分离,制约其推广应用的瓶颈为控制效率问题.为提高其控制效率,基于翼型绕流的电磁力控制,对电磁力增升减阻的控制效率问题进行数值研究. 根据能量守恒定律,推导电磁力控制能耗的比,基于升力和阻力计算节省能量. 定义电磁力的控制效率为能量节省与电磁力控制所需能耗的比值,研究不同工况下电磁力增升减阻的控制效率. 发现在控制开始阶段,电磁力能量主要消耗在增加边界层流体的动能上,电磁力控制效率非常低,但电磁力控制效率会随着电磁力工作时间的增长而增加;电磁力控制效率随着来流速度的增加呈指数下降;通过增加电磁力激活板的输入能量可增强电磁力的控制效果,但无法明显增加其控制效率.      

翼型绕流电磁控制的实验和数值研究

分布在弱电介质溶液中的电磁力(Lorentz力),可以有效地控制边界层的流动.利用以转动水槽为主的实验系统和基于双时间步Roe格式的数值方法,对翼型绕流的电磁控制进行了实验和数值研究.结果表明,对于一定攻角的翼型,电磁力可以控制其绕流形态.当电磁力方向与流动方向相同时,可以抑制分离,消除涡街,其效果与减小攻角类似.当电磁力的方向与流动方向相反时,可在流场中形成大涡组成的涡街,增强流体的混合能力,其效果与增大攻角类似. 关键词： 电磁力 翼型绕流 流体控制     

Prediction of wave pattern and wave resistance of surface piercing bodies by a boundary element method

An iterative boundary element method, which was originally developed for both two‐ and three‐dimensional cavitating hydrofoils moving steadily under a free surface, is modified and extended to predict the wave pattern and wave resistance of surface piercing bodies, such as ship hulls and vertical struts. The iterative nonlinear method, which is based on the Green theorem, allows the separation of the surface piercing body problem and the free‐surface problem. The free‐surface problem is also separated into two parts; namely, left and right (with respect to x axis) free‐surface problems. Those all (three) problems are solved separately, with the effects of one on the other being accounted for in an iterative manner. The wetted surface of the body (ship hull or strut, including cavity surface if exists) and the left and right parts with respect to x axis of free surface are modelled with constant strength dipole and constant strength source panels. In order to prevent upstream waves, the source strengths from some distance in front of the body to the end of the truncated upstream boundary are enforced to be zero. No radiation condition is enforced for downstream and transverse boundaries. A transverse wave cut technique is used for the calculation of wave resistance. The method is first applied to a point source and a three‐dimensional submerged cavitating hydrofoil to validate the method and a Wigley hull and a vertical strut to compare the results with those of experiments. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Numerical simulation of cavitation around a two-dimensional hydrofoil using VOF method and LES turbulence model

In this paper simulation of cavitating flow over the Clark-Y hydrofoil is reported using the large eddy simulation (LES) turbulence model and volume of fluid (VOF) technique. We applied an incompressible LES modelling approach based on an implicit method for the subgrid terms. To apply the cavitation model, the flow has been considered as a single fluid, two-phase mixture. A transport equation model for the local volume fraction of vapour is solved and a finite rate mass transfer model is used for the vapourization and condensation processes. A compressive volume of fluid (VOF) method is applied to track the interface of liquid and vapour phases. This simulation is performed using a finite volume, two phase solver available in the framework of the OpenFOAM (Open Field Operation and Manipulation) software package. Simulation is performed for the cloud and super-cavitation regimes, i.e., σ = 0.8, 0.4, 0.28. We compared the results of two different mass transfer models, namely Kunz and Sauer models. The results of our simulation are compared for cavitation dynamics, starting point of cavitation, cavity’s diameter and force coefficients with the experimental data, where available. For both of steady state and transient conditions, suitable accuracy has been observed for cavitation dynamics and force coefficients.