某跨音风扇转子全三维设计与数值模拟

本文采用与三维流场分析程序相匹配的任意叶轮机通用叶片造型程序,进行某单级高通流、跨音、宽弦长风扇转子设计。在设计过程中,通过调整转子进口流量、出口总压、叶片最大相对厚度和前后缘厚度等参数沿径向的分布,弯度和最大弯度位置沿弦向的分布,从设计上减弱了叶片上部的激波强度、降低了激波及其关联的损失,克服了该转子叶尖高相对马赫数和低损失、高效率的矛盾。最终获得满足气动性能和结构强度的风扇转子.     

被动控制装置改进轴流风机失速余度的实验研究

1前言近年来，使用被动控制装置改进风机的失速特性一直引起风机设计和研究人员的重视。例如：在转子前加装可调进口导叶，在转子叶尖区吹气和放气，机匣处理装置（轴向、斜向和周向开缝）等来抑制风机失速的技术已被实际应用。但这些装置仍然存在着一些缺点。例如：降低了风机的最高效率尚2％－4％），改进失速余度的范围小，大约只有20％的流量失速金度的改进．以及装置本身结构复杂，增加了造价。因而一种被称为空气分流器的被动控制技术，首先由NBAHOB；C．K申请了专利川。由于空气分流器在控制轴流风机失速有很好的效果，因而许多…     

汽车空调用冷凝器总成的分析与研究

1引言在汽车空调冷凝器性能评价中，流动与传热特性无疑占有重要位置，但它并非唯一评价指标。象其它热交换器一样，评价其是否具有应用价值，影响因素较多，例如：（1）以流动与传热为代表的热工性能；（2）可靠性与寿命评价；（3）材料与工艺性能；（4）制造成本；（5）体积、重量与噪音等指标。目前，汽车空调冷凝器分为三种：管片式、管带式和平行流式。许多文献认为，平行流式的热工性能最优，而管片式最欢，但这并不意味着平行流式肯定将成为我国汽车空调冷凝器的发展趋势。本文认为：（1）平行流式工艺复杂，所需材料近期内难以国产…     

叶片弦向倾斜对损失发展的影响及叶片反弯降低损失机理的研究

早在六十年代初期,Ｓｍｉｔｈ提出了弦向倾斜叶片￣［１］。叶片的这种倾斜集叶片的后掠（叶片展向与气流不垂直）和上反（叶片表面与端壁斜交）于一身。根据理论分析可知,弦向倾斜叶片与周向倾斜叶片比较,在相同倾斜角下,它更能有效地抑制通道涡的形成和发展￣［２］。但是,到现在为止还没有实验数据证实这一计算结果。本文继文献￣［３］详细测量了弦向倾斜叶片叶栅由栅前至栅后诸截面上的气动参数。实验结果表明,弦向倾斜对损失的发展起到了与周向倾斜相类似的作用,但是前者比后者减小了叶栅进口段的流向逆压梯度,从而降低了二次旋涡损失。本文还测量了大转角常规直叶栅与反弯叶片叶栅端壁与叶片表面上的静压分布,探讨了反弯叶片降低损失的原因,认为：减小叶栅进口段流向逆压梯度,在叶片吸力面前部形成垂直于端壁的平行静压等值线、在中部形成反“Ｃ”型静压等值线,以及在流道内建立沿叶高的反“Ｃ”型静压分布,是反弯叶片降低损失的三要素。     

Large eddy simulations in low-pressure turbines: Effect of wakes at elevated free-stream turbulence

The transition of a separated shear layer over a flat plate, in the presence of periodic wakes and elevated free-stream turbulence (FST), is numerically investigated using Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The upper wall of the test section is inviscid and specifically contoured to impose a streamwise pressure distribution over the flat plate to simulate the suction surface of a low-pressure turbine (LPT) blade. Two different distributions representative of a ‘high-lift’ and an ‘ultra high-lift’ turbine blade are examined. Results obtained from the current LES compare favourably with the extensive experimental data previously obtained for these configurations. The LES results are then used to further investigate the flow physics involved in the transition process.In line with experimental experience, the benefit of wakes and FST obtained by suppressing the separation bubble, is more pronounced in ‘ultra high-lift’ design when compared to the ‘high-lift’ design. Stronger ‘Klebanoff streaks’ are formed in the presence of wakes when compared to the streaks due to FST alone. These streaks promoted much early transition. The weak Klebanoff streaks due to FST continued to trigger transition in between the wake passing cycles.The experimental inference regarding the origin of Klebanoff streaks at the leading edge has been confirmed by the current simulations. While the wake convects at local free-stream velocity, its impression in the boundary layer in the form of streaks convects much slowly. The ‘part-span’ Kelvin–Helmholtz structures, which were observed in the experiments when the wake passes over the separation bubble, are also captured. The non-phase averaged space-time plots manifest that reattachment is a localized process across the span unlike the impression of global reattachment portrayed by phase averaging.     

High temperature materials for aerospace applications: Ni-based superalloys and γ-TiAl alloys

Two outstanding aerospace-oriented high-temperature materials, the single-crystal nickel-based superalloys for high-pressure turbine blades and the γ-TiAl-based alloys for low pressure turbine blades, are being presented here. In both cases, the optimisation of their mechanical properties is based on a high knowledge of metallurgy, mixing together different aspects such as processes, alloy design, deformation mechanisms, impact of oxidative environment or interaction between protective layers and protected alloy. Historical evolutions are recalled and put into perspective with more recent research activities.     

集值映射空间上的Tightness和Fan Tightness

本文讨论了连续集值映射空间在赋予点态收敛拓扑和紧开拓扑下的tightness和fan tightness, 将关于连续单值映射空间的某些结果推广到连续集值映射空间.     

叶片与蜗舌耦合对离心风机性能和旋转噪声影响的数值研究

利用三维N-S方程和RNGk-ε湍流模型对离心风机内部的非定常粘性流场进行了数值模拟,分析了不同时刻叶片与蜗舌所处的不同相对位置对风机瞬时性能、叶轮出口流动以及对蜗舌处的静压分布和静压脉动的影响。同时指出,改进特定时刻叶片与蜗舌处于特定相对位置时风机的瞬时性能是提高风机总体性能的一条新的途径。此外,还尝试运用一种新的方法,即不用求解声场而直接依据非定常流场中的静压脉动分析了蜗舌处主要气动噪声源的位置及其成因。     

扇的倍图的邻点可区别边色数

设G(V,E)是阶数至少是3的简单连通图,若f是图G的k-正常边染色,使得对任意的uv∈E(G),C(u)≠C(v),那么称f是图G的k-邻点可区别边染色(k-ASEC),其中C(u)={f(uw)│uw∈E(G)},而χa′s(G)=min{k│存在G的一个k-ASEC},称为G的邻点可区别边色数.本文给出扇的倍图D(Fm)的邻点可区别边色数.     

基于仿真优化的炼钢生产批调度求解方法

论文针对钢铁企业炼钢工序具有高温、高能耗、复杂工况的实际特征,从中提炼出生产批调度问题,其工件根据其实际工艺属性可分为多个簇,基于给定的工件簇,决策工件的分批和调度情况,综合考虑工件之间的切换费用,以及工件提前、拖期所导致的惩罚,使得总的生产成本期望最小化,从而降低生产成本;针对该问题,考虑工件的处理时间、工件的加工属性具有不确定性,基于仿真优化思想,建立数学模型,并基于大数定理,对模型目标函数进行近似;提出基于样本近似方法的求解框架,通过随机抽样的方法获得不同规模的样本,针对不同规模的样本,提出Filter & Fan算法对问题进行求解;最后,通过基于实际数据的计算实验验证所提算法的有效性。