钢框架抗震耗能节点梁的极限承载力分析1）

为提高结构的抗震性能,框架结构中以翼缘削弱型节点为代表的延性耗能节点逐渐代替传统节点,为研究翼缘削弱型节点框架梁在单向比例加载时的极限载荷,对削弱梁极限状态进行了分析,判定极限状态下削弱梁塑性铰生成的位置并计算极限载荷,将计算结果和普通梁进行对比.分析结果表明：削弱梁越长承载力下降越明显,对短梁需要选择合适的削弱参数,才能避免塑性铰出现在梁端.研究结果可为削弱梁塑性设计提供依据,同时拓展结构力学极限载荷学习内容.     

高速杆式弹体侵彻下蓄液结构载荷特性的有限元分析

为探讨高速弹体侵彻下蓄液结构的防护方法,采用瞬态非线性有限元,研究了高速杆式弹体侵彻下蓄液结构承受的冲击载荷特性,分析了冲击载荷的作用过程、前后板承受的载荷强度及其弹体初速度和水域尺度的影响。结果表明:弹体在蓄液结构中的初始开坑作用,将形成入射冲击波,其压力峰值极高,但作用时间短,并将在液体内产生多次反射;弹体在液体中的侵彻,将产生空化,并形成峰值小、作用时间长的空化压力载荷;后板对液体流的阻碍作用将形成出口局部高压;入射冲击波和出口局部高压的强度随着弹体初速度的增加而增大,随着水域长度的增加而不断减小。根据所受冲击载荷特性的不同,将前、后板分别划分为3个不同的区域,并建立了每个分区的简化计算模型。     

爆炸荷载对不同距离邻近隧洞背爆侧裂纹影响的模拟试验

利用爆炸加载动态焦散线测试系统,模拟了不同起爆距离L时,爆炸荷载作用于邻近隧洞的全过程;通过分析迎爆侧破坏现象和背爆侧预制裂纹扩展的位移、速度以及裂纹尖端动态应力强度因子曲线的变化规律,研究了不同间距并行隧洞爆破开挖对既有隧洞的影响。试验结果表明:随着L增大,隧洞背爆侧裂纹的最终扩展位移呈先增大后减小的变化规律;裂纹扩展速度曲线的振荡幅值以及频率呈降低趋势,Ⅰ型应力强度因子的变化曲线逐渐趋于平缓,且最大峰值均出现延迟现象,最大峰值所对应的时间点由t=50μs~100μs向t100μs转移;起爆距离L从50mm增大到60mm时,裂纹扩展的位移、速度曲线以及应力强度因子曲线出现显著变化;而小于50mm或大于60mm时,它们分别呈相似性变化。研究结果可为现场试验确定邻近隧洞爆破开挖的距离L提供参考。     

移动荷载作用下非局部地基梁动力响应分析的有限元法Dynamic response of beams with nonlocal foundations subjected to moving loads using finite element method

基于非局部地基理论,推导了移动荷载作用下非局部地基梁动力响应问题的有限元解,分别讨论了地基的非局部参数、刚度、阻尼系数以及移动荷载速度对非局部地基梁动力响应的影响,并比较了非局部结果与局部结果的差异。结果表明,地基的非局部参数、刚度和阻尼是地基梁的动力响应的主要影响参数,地基梁最大响应及其发生的时刻与移动荷载速度有关。研究成果可为轨道地基系统设计提供参考。     

Dynamic load balance applied to particle transport in fluids

This work presents a parallel numerical strategy to transport Lagrangian particles in a fluid using a dynamic load balance strategy. Both fluid and particle solvers are parallel, with two levels of parallelism. The first level is based on a substructuring technique and uses message passing interface (MPI) as the communication library; the second level consists of OpenMP pragmas for loop parallelisation at the node level. When dealing with transient flows, there exist two main alternatives to address the coupling of these solvers. On the one hand, a single-code approach consists in solving the particle equations once the fluid solution has been obtained at the end of a time step, using the same instance of the same code. On the other hand, a multi-code approach enables one to overlap the transport of the particles with the next time-step solution of the fluid equations, and thus obtain asynchronism. In this case, different codes or two instances of the same code can be used. Both approaches will be presented. In addition, a dynamic load balancing library is used on the top of OpenMP pragmas in order to continuously exploit all the resources available at the node level, thus increasing the load balance and the efficiency of the parallelisation and uses the MPI.     

双列圆锥滚子轴承滚子大端-引导边润滑接触分析

针对铁路客车中使用的双列圆锥滚子轴承,发展了一个系统的计算模型以模拟滚子大端与引导边间的润滑接触状态.首先通过理论分析确定滚子大端与内圈挡边的接触点位置和滚动体的自转与公转转速,分别得出二者在接触点的滑动速度;然后考虑滚子的离心力,通过求解内圈位移控制方程,计算轴承的载荷分布,并分别求出滚子与外滚道、内滚道以及引导边的作用力;最后建立润滑分析模型,对圆锥滚子大端与引导边的接触进行润滑分析计算,实现滚子大端与引导边接触的润滑模拟,并研究了滚子大端球面半径、工况条件等对润滑性能的影响.     

Finite Fracture Mechanics model for mixed mode fracture in adhesive joints

Up to now the failure load assessment of bonded joints is still not fully understood. This work provides a new approach for assessing the crack initiation load of bonded joints. A failure model for single lap joints is proposed that is based on Finite Fracture Mechanics. Only two basic fracture parameters are required: the tensile strength and the fracture toughness of the adhesive. A coupled stress and energy criterion proposed in 2002 by Leguillon is used to model crack initiation in the adhesive layer. The theory of this criterion is outlined in detail, its relationship to other failure criteria is discussed and an overview of applications found in literature is given. An enhanced weak interface model that predicts a linear variation of the shear stresses in the adhesive layer is utilized to model the single lap joint. To compare joint designs and to reveal the limitations of the given approach a dimensionless brittleness number for mixed-mode loading is proposed. Along with a detailed discussion of the results for exemplary joint designs a comparison to experimental results from literature is performed. The two necessary fracture parameters are each taken from standard test results published in literature. A good agreement of the failure load predictions with the experimental results is observed. A remarkable outcome is that the presented failure model renders the adhesive thickness effect correctly. The paper concludes with a discussion of the limitations of the approach and the effect of material parameters.     

用拉格朗日函数分析不同模量静不定桁架内力

在外载荷作用下的不同模量静不定桁架平衡问题,是任意有限多个自变量的多元函数在任意有限多个约束条件下的极值问题,对采用拉格朗日乘数法求解此类极值问题进行了数学证明．通过求解不同模量静不定桁架极限载荷的几个算例,阐述拉格朗日乘数法在计算不同模量静不定桁架极限载荷中的应用．研究结果表明：采用拉格朗日乘数法求解不同模量静不定桁架极限载荷的通用性较强,用拉格朗日乘数法求解不同模量静不定桁架极限载荷的方法不但克服了常规方法需利用几何关系建立协调方程的缺陷,且具有力学概念清晰直观、计算过程简便、便于工程设计人员在实际中掌握和应用．     

Utilizing mechanical loads and flexoelectricity to induce and control complicated evolution of domain patterns in ferroelectric nanofilms

We have conducted a systematical investigation to reveal the stability and evolution path of various ferroelectric domain patterns in nanofilms subjected to mechanical loads and related flexoelectric field. Within a rigorous framework of flexoelectricity, a phase-field approach has been established for simulating the domain structure of ferroelectric nanofilms. The electromechanical fields of the nanofilms are numerically solved by a fast Fourier transform technique (FFT) based on the combination of Khachaturyan's microscopic elastic theory and Stroh's formalism of anisotropic elasticity. Using this approach, we simulate eight types of domain patterns that can be stabilized in the nanofilms. It is further demonstrated that these domain patterns can be significantly affected by the mechanical loads and related flexoelectric field and exhibit fruitful evolution paths. To adapt the applied mechanical strain and strain gradient, the domain pattern may remain stable, evolve into another polydomain pattern, or become a monodomain state (an effect of domain erasing). The domain fraction, detailed domain morphology, average stresses in the nanofilms, average polarization and temporal evolution characteristics of the domain patterns under various mechanical loads and sources of flexoelectric field have been analyzed. This investigation should provide instructive information for the practical application of ferroelectric nanofilms under complex and changeable mechanical conditions.     

集中荷载作用下的压电压磁双材料III型界面裂纹问题

研究了压电压磁双材料的III型界面裂纹问题,裂纹表面和界面电磁绝缘,且作用有集中荷载．通过解析延拓和复变函数技术,得到该问题的全场解,并给出了裂纹尖端的场强因子．还讨论了Wan等所定义的用以表征界面上下压电压磁材料失配比的无量纲参数G,发现G实际表征的是界面两侧应变的比值,也即界面两侧应变的不相容性．