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141.
Gandham Lakshminarayana 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2011,184(8):1931-1938
We report on Tb3+ as efficient sensitizer for red photoemission from Mn2+-centers in ZnO-B2O3-Al2O3-Si2O-Na2O-SrO glasses and corresponding gahnite glass ceramics. In comparison to singly or co-doped glasses, the glass ceramics exhibit significantly increased emission intensity. Structural considerations, ESR, and dynamic luminescence spectroscopy indicate partial incorporation of Mn2+ as well as Tb3+ into the crystalline phase, the former on octahedral Zn2+-sites. Interionic distance and charge transfer probability between both species depend on crystallization conditions. This enables control of the energy transfer process and, hence, tunability of the color of photoemission by simultaneous emission from Tb3+ and Mn2+ centers. Concentration quenching in Mn2+-singly doped materials was found at a critical dopant concentration of about 1.0 mol%. The energy transfer process was studied in detail by dynamic as well as static luminescence spectroscopy. Spectroscopic results suggest the application of the studied materials as single or dual-mode emitting phosphor for luminescent lighting. 相似文献
142.
This paper focus on the effect of nanosize (<50 nm BET) inorganic alumina (Al2O3) filler on the structural, conductivity, and thermal properties of chitosan‐based polymer electrolytes. Films of chitosan and its complexes were prepared using solution‐casting technique. Different amounts of Al2O3 viz., 3, 4.5, 6, 7.5, 9, 12, and 15 wt% were added to the highest room temperature conducting sample in the chitosan–salt system, i.e. sample containing 60 wt% chitosan–40 wt% NH4SCN. The conductivity value of the sample is 1.29 × 10?4 S cm?1. On addition of 6 wt% Al2O3 filler the ionic conductivity increased to 5.86 × 10?4 S cm?1. The amide and amino peaks in the spectrum of chitosan at 1636 and 1551 cm?1, respectively, shift to lower wavenumbers on addition of salt. The glass transition temperature Tg for the highest conducting composite is 190°C. The increase in Tg with increase in more than 6 wt% filler content is attributed to the increase in degree of crystallinity as proven from X‐ray diffraction studies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
143.
Prediction of the penetrated rust into the microcracks of concrete caused by reinforcement corrosion
Consider a steel-rust-concrete composite consisting of a circular cylindrical concrete cover and a coaxial uniformly corroding steel reinforcement. Prediction of the amount of rust penetrated into the microcracks of concrete cover from a set of data measured at the surface of the concrete is of particular interest. The steel is assumed to be linear isotropic and rust follows a power law stress–strain relation. For the concrete, anisotropic behavior and post-cracking softening model is employed. The formulations lead to a nonlinear boundary value problem which is solved analytically. A key parameter β, defined as the ratio of the volume of corrosion products inside the cracks to the volume of the cracks, is calculated. With some efforts, this parameter is also extracted from the available theoretical and experimental studies for the purpose of comparison. The effects of the mechanical properties of rust and concrete on β is addressed. 相似文献
144.
Mir Reza Majidi Karim Asadpour‐Zeynali Mehdi Bamorowat Mohammad Nazarpur 《中国化学会会志》2011,58(2):207-214
A new sol‐gel derived electrocatalytic carbon ceramic electrode was prepared by incorporating copper(II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) in a carbon ceramic network. This electrode was used as a sensitive electrochemical sensor for determination of the insecticide Imidacloprid (1‐(6‐chloro‐3‐pyridylmethyl)‐N‐nitro‐imidazolidin‐2‐ylideneamine) by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The resulting modified electrode exhibits a cathodic peak potential shifted positively and an increasing in cathodic peak current in comparison with unmodified electrode. The redox properties of this modified electrode at various pH values and CuPc percentage were investigated. The catalytic current obtained from differential pulse voltammetry is linearly dependent on Imidacloprid concentration over the two linear ranges of 0.67‐17 μM and 17‐93 μM with correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9999 and R2 = 0.990, respectively. The detection limit for Imidacloprid was found to be 0.28 μM according to lower linear range. Possible interferences from several common pesticides were also evaluated. The inherent stability, high sensitivity, low detection limit and low cost for each preparation are advantages of this sensor. Determination of Imidacloprid in commercial formulation and residual Imidacloprid in tomato grown in greenhouse (protected cultivation) was also conducted. The results obtained from commercial formulation were completely consistent with those obtained through the standard high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. 相似文献
145.
Silicates are one of the most important classes of compounds on this planet, and more than 1000 silicates have been identified in the mineral kingdom. Additionally, several hundreds of artificial silicates have been synthesized. The substitution of oxygen by nitrogen leads to the structurally diverse and manifold class of nitridosilicates. Silicon nitride, one of the most important non-oxidic ceramic materials, is the binary parent compound of nitridosilicates, and it symbolizes the inherent material properties of these refractory compounds. However, prior to the last decades, a broad systematic investigation of nitridosilicates had not been accomplished. In the meantime, these and related compounds have reached a remarkable level of industrial application. This review illustrates recent progress in synthesis and structure-property relationships and also applications of nitridosilicates, oxonitridosilicates, and related SiAlONs. 相似文献
146.
以球型空腔膨胀理论为基础,提出了一个计算陶瓷靶板阻力的损伤模型,该模型考虑了损伤因子对陶瓷靶板弹道性能的影响.结合不可压缩流体力学理论,对射流侵彻陶瓷靶板的侵彻速度进行了理论值计算,并与未考虑损伤的侵彻速度进行了比较,该模型的计算结果更接近实验结果.建立了射流侵彻陶瓷靶板的数值计算模型,对铜射流侵彻陶瓷靶的动态破坏过程进行了研究,讨论了药型罩的锥角、壁厚对射流侵彻结果的影响,结果表明:相同锥角的药型罩,壁厚对陶瓷靶板孔径的影响较小;同壁厚的药型罩,随着锥角的增大,侵彻孔径增大.侵彻速度的数值模拟结果与理论结果进行了比较,得到了较好的一致性. 相似文献
147.
148.
Experimental results about concrete under sulfate attack are summarized,which include the variation of mass density of samples and velocity of ultrasonic wave propagating in samples.The evolution damage is analyzed in terms of the experimental results,and close attention is paid to the effect of damage evolution on Poisson’s ratio.This study shows that Poisson’s ratio is significantly affected by the concentration of solution and water-cement ratio.Poisson’s ratio of concrete changes very little when the water-cement ratio is selected as 0.6 or 0.8,so that such change may be neglected.If water-cement is 0.4,however,the Poisson’s ratio of the sample significantly changes.When the concrete sample of 0.4 water-cement ratio is immersed in sodium sulfate solution of 8% concentration for 285 days,Poisson’s ratio increase 10.14% compared with its initial value.There exist a sensitive region and a non-sensitive region for the change rate of Poisson’s ratio with respect to corrosion time.The change rate of Poisson’s ratio monotonously decreases with corrosion time in the sensitive region;in the non-sensitive region,the change rate of Poisson’s ratio is almost equal to zero. 相似文献
149.
Jun Liu Gao Lin Bing Fu Hong Zhong 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》2011,24(5):411-428
A visco-elastoplastic damage constitutive model is proposed for simulating nonlinear behavior of concrete. Based on traditional plastic theory, the irreversible deformation is simulated in effective stress space. In order to reflect different stiffness degradation mechanism of concrete under tensile and compressive loading conditions, both tensile and compressive damage variables are introduced, and then on the basis of energy release rate, the model is firmly derived within the concept of irreversible thermodynamics. The rate-dependent model is considered by introducing viscous regularization into the inelastic strain and damage variable, and combined with an additional elastic condition. Fully implicit backward-Euler algorithm is used to perform constitutive integration. Results of numerical examples using the proposed model agree well with test results for specimens under uniaxial tension and compression, biaxial loading and triaxial loading. Failure processes of single-edge-notched (SEN) beam and double-edge-notched (DEN) specimen are also simulated to further validate the proposed model. 相似文献
150.
为解决混凝土非线性特性难以描述的难题,通过MTS815.02岩石电液伺服系统,对圆柱体混凝土试件施加定围压比为0.2的围压,得出C25、C35、C45混凝土在"理想无损伤"状态下的应力-应变曲线;用Ramberg-Osgood公式描述其应力-应变关系,引入损伤变量演化方程,进而得出混凝土一维受压损伤本构模型。通过与实验数据的对比证明了模型的有效性和准确性;详细地分析了无初始损伤条件下配筋梁受弯破坏时的损伤演化过程;计算C25、C35、C45钢筋混凝土梁的受弯承载力。分析结果显示:随着混凝土强度由C25提高到C45,按此模型计算与按规范公式计算所得梁承载力的差异由1.9%升高至2.84%;下降段损伤累积量占总体损伤度的比例由46.26%升高至86.04%。研究表明,本文的分段曲线损伤模型可以较好地模拟梁混凝土的非线性受压过程,并能够给出损伤程度的预测。 相似文献