Endomorphisms of free modules as sums of four quadratic endomorphisms

We will prove that every endomorphism of a free right R-module of infinite rank can be decomposed as a sum of four endomorphisms which satisfy some fixed polynomial identities.     

The dependence of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) image contrast on intrinsic and pulse sequence timing parameters

In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) the image pixel value is governed by at least three major intrinsic parameters: the spin density N (H), the spin-lattice relaxation time T1, and the spin-spin relaxation time T2. The extent to which the signal is weighted toward one or several parameters is related to the history of the spin system preceding detection. On the simplifying, though not generally warranted assumption that the spin density does not vary significantly in soft tissues, relative tissue contrast can be predicted quantitatively provided the relaxation times are known. Signal intensities and contrast were computed on the basis of the Bloch equations and experimentally determined relaxation times as a function of pulse timing parameters and the data compared with those in images recorded at 0.5T field strength. Significant deviations from the equal density hypothesis were found for gray and white substance. Notably partial saturation but also spin echo and inversion-recovery images are not in full accordance with predictions made on the basis of relaxation times alone.     

Computing the first passage time density of a time-dependent Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process to a moving boundary

In this paper we use the method of images to derive the closed-form formula for the first passage time density of a time-dependent Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process to a parametric class of moving boundaries. The results are then applied to develop a simple, efficient and systematic approximation scheme to compute tight upper and lower bounds of the first passage time density through a fixed boundary.     

Hepatic CT image retrieval based on the combination of Gabor filters and support vector machine

Content-based image retrieval has been an active area of research for more than ten years.Gabor schemes and support vector machine (SVM) method have been proven effective in image representation and classification. In this paper,we propose a retrieval scheme based on Gabor filters and SVMs for hepatic computed tomography (CT) images query.In our experiments,a batch of hepatic CT images containing several types of CT findings are used for the retrieval test.Precision comparison between our scheme and existing methods is presented.     

Small Target Detection Algorithm Based on Average Absolute Difference Maximum and Background Forecast

Detecting small targets in clutter scene and low SNR (Signal Noise Ratio) is an important and challenging problem in infrared (IR) images. In order to solve this problem, we should do works from two sides: enhancing targets and suppressing background. Firstly, in this paper, the system utilizes the average absolute difference maximum (AADM) as the dissimilarity measurement between targets and background region to enhance targets. Secondly, it uses a predictor to suppress the background clutter. Finally, our approach extracts the interested small target with segment threshold. Experimental results show that the algorithm proposed has better performance with respect to probability of detection and less computation complexity. It is an effective small infrared target detection algorithm against complex background.     

基于主成分分析的自组织竞争神经网络在多光谱遥感影像分类中的应用

多光谱遥感影像具有波段多、信息量大的特点,传统的分类方法难以达到提高精度的要求.利用主成分分析对多波段遥感图像进行降维,再采用竞争型自组织神经网络对图像进行非监督分类.这种方法的分类精度为87.5%,Kappa系数为0.86,明显高于最大似然法,最小距离法和基于像元的自组织竞争神经网络法.实验结果表明该方法在多光谱遥感影像分类中具有较好的适用性.     

Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz imaging by a pyroelectric camera

Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz (THz) imaging is demonstrated. A 1.89-THz optically-pumped farinfrared laser is used as the illumination source, and a 124 × 124 element room-temperature pyroelectric camera is adopted as the detector. With this setup, THz images through various wrapping materials are shown. The results show that this imaging system has the potential applications in real-time mail and security inspection.