中药白芨水浸液的荧光光谱研究

报道了白芨沸水浸取液的三维荧光光谱和紫外吸收光谱。在三维荧光光谱图中出现3个荧光峰,分别位于λ_ex/λ_em＝227/299 nm,271/299 nm和258/ 389 nm。其中前2个荧光峰具有相同的发射波长,是由同一种荧光组分产生的,后1个荧光峰是由另外一种荧光组分产生的。三维荧光光谱具有特征性,可以用于白芨的定性鉴别。两种荧光组分的发射波长相距90 nm,可以不经分离而分别测量。在稀溶液条件下,两种组分的荧光强度与浓度之间都存在良好的线性关系,据此可以对两种组分进行定量分析。在pH 1.5～12.5范围内改变溶液的pH值时,两种组分的荧光强度有明显改变,表明两种组分的分子结构中存在可以离解的质子。     

不同模拟环境中胆红素钙的成核与晶体生长

用FT-IR、XRD、SEM和TGA等研究了4种不同模拟体系中胆红素钙晶体的成核与生长情况,考察了生物大分子和CO2对胆红素钙的成核与结晶等的影响。结果表明,水溶液中胆红素钙很难结晶形成晶体结构,但在暴露大气中的葡聚糖水溶液模拟体系中则形成了含质量分数为12%碳酸钙的胆红素钙/碳酸钙复合晶体。在此过程中,CO2气体促进了碳酸钙晶体的形成,碳酸钙晶体不同晶面的选择吸附性能和葡聚糖分子的含O功能团为胆红素钙的成核提供了有效位点和定向调控作用,共同模板作用诱导调控了在2θ为19.8°、21.8°有强衍射峰的胆红素钙晶体的形成。晶态胆红素钙具有明显的热分解温度,而处于非晶态时则无此种现象。     

瓦氏黄颡鱼血清磷组分的测定及应用

磷是鱼体含量最多的无机元素之一 ,80 %的磷存在于骨骼中 ,其余 2 0 %分布于全身细胞组织中。磷是ＡＴＰ、核酸、磷脂、细胞膜和多种辅酶的重要组成成分 ,磷与钙代谢、能量转化、细胞膜通透性、遗传密码以及生殖和生长有密切的关系。磷还作为缓冲液保持体液的正常ｐＨ值[1] 。血清中磷组分含量的变化反应出鱼体生理变化。因此测定血清磷组分的含量对以鱼类为对象进行的科研和生产有重要的参考价值。测定鱼类血清单一磷组分已有报道[2 ,3 ,5] 。但只用少量血样一次性快速简便地测定血清几种磷组分的研究未见报道。本实验参照ｖａｎｄｅｒＬｉ…     

三维油水运移聚集数值模拟的交替方向格式和分析

研究油气运移聚集史的数值模拟,其数学模型是三维非线性偏微分方程组的初进值问题．我们从实际出发,考虑了重力、毛管力和浮力的作用,同时考虑到三维问题大规模科学和工程计算的特征,提出对流动方程采用大步长的混合元法,而对三维饱和度方程的计算,采用一类交替方向特征有限元法．将其化为连续解三个一维问题,使工程数值计算成为可能．应用张量积计算．负模估计和先验估计理论,得到最佳阶Ｌ~２误差估计．     

四氢叶酸辅酶结构和性能的模拟及取代一碳单元转移反应的研究

本工作模拟了四氢叶酸辅酶的结构和反应性能, 合成了模型化合物碘化1, 2-二甲基-3-对甲氧苯磺酰基咪唑啉, 研究了模型化合物与单官能团亲核体、双官能团亲核体相作用, 以甲酸、甲醛氧化态转移取代一碳单元[≡C-CH~3, =C(CH~3)CH~2NO~2]的反应, 部分反应生成了咔啉类生物碱衍生物和其它杂环类化合物。     

α-萘甲醛的仿生合成

模拟四氢叶酸辅酶一碳单元转移反应,通过其甲酸氧化态模型化合物苯并咪唑盐与一碳单元的受体G rignard试剂进行加成-水解反应合成了α-萘甲醛,为制备稠环芳醛提出了一种仿生合成新方法。     

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Administering Antioxidant Grape Seed-Derived Polyphenol Compounds: A Potential Application in Aquaculture

The supply of nutrients, such as antioxidant agents, to fish cells still represents a challenge in aquaculture. In this context, we investigated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) composed of a combination of Gelucire^® 50/13 and Precirol^® ATO5 to administer a grape seed extract (GSE) mixture containing several antioxidant compounds. The combination of the two lipids for the SLN formation resulted in colloids exhibiting mean particle sizes in the range 139–283 nm and zeta potential values in the range +25.6–43.4 mV. Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction evidenced structural differences between the free GSE and GSE-loaded SLN, leading to the conclusion that GSE alters the structure of the lipid nanocarriers. From a biological viewpoint, cell lines from gilthead seabream and European sea bass were exposed to different concentrations of GSE-SLN for 24 h. In general, at appropriate concentrations, GSE-SLN increased the viability of the fish cells. Furthermore, regarding the gene expression in those cells, the expression of antioxidant genes was upregulated, whereas the expression of hsp70 and other genes related to the cytoskeleton was downregulated. Hence, an SLN formulation containing Gelucire^® 50/13/Precirol^® ATO5 and GSE may represent a compelling platform for improving the viability and antioxidant properties of fish cells.     

Effects of Green Tea Marinade in the Bioaccessibility of Tonalide and Benzophenone 3 in Cooked European Seabass

Fish consumption is an indicator of human exposure to personal care products (PCP) such as tonalide (AHTN) and benzophenone 3 (BP3). Although most fish consumed is cooked, the impact of cooking procedures on PCP levels is difficult to evaluate. Hence, the aim of this work was to provide thorough information on the stability and bioaccessibility of AHTN and BP3 upon cooking and in vitro digestion. A green tea (Camellia sinensis) marinade, rich in polyphenol, was used as mitigating strategy to reduce these contaminants. Roasting and frying reduced AHTN and BP3 levels in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) spiked samples. Additionally, the green tea marinade promoted a reduction of up to 47% AHTN and 35% BP3. Bioaccessibility of AHTN was higher (up to 45%), and increased with the use of green tea marinades. BP3 showed a bioaccessibility below 19% in all cooked samples. Overall, a decrease in PCP levels was observed after cooking; this decrease was even more pronounced when marination was previously used. However, this decrease is cancelled out by the fact that the bioaccessible fraction of the contaminants increases in an inverse way; therefore, none of these processes can be considered a mitigating alternative.     

仿生控冰材料用于细胞及组织的冷冻保存

冷冻保存是将细胞、组织或器官等生物样品置于超低温环境中,使其代谢速率大大降低甚至停止,以达到长期存储的目的 ,并能在解冻后恢复其生理功能的科学与技术.冷冻保存是当前实现生物样品长期存储的唯一有效手段,是细胞治疗、再生医学以及器官移植等先进医疗技术充分发展的关键瓶颈之一.然而,由于细胞、组织中的含水量可高达70％～90％...