城市垃圾与煤在CFBC试验台上的混烧试验

城市垃圾的焚烧处理一直是人们关注的研究领域。本文详细报告了一种城市垃圾与劣质煤在0.15兆瓦CFBC试验台上的混烧试验。试验结果表明,城市垃圾与劣质煤在循环流化床中的混烧可以很好地满足稳定和高温燃烧的要求,通过添加石灰石等含钙物料可以有效地在燃烧过程巾控制SO2、HCl和二(?)英类污染物的生成。     

An Experimental Investigation into the Acoustic Characteristics of Fluid-filled Porous Structures—A Simplified Model of the Human Skull Cancellous Structure

In nature, shape and structure evolve from the struggle for better performance. Often, biological structures combine multiple beneficial properties, making research into mimicking them very complex. Presented here is a summary of observations from a series of experiments performed on a material that closely resembles the human skull bone’s cancellous structure under acoustic loads. Transmission loss through flat and curved open-cell polyurethane foam samples is observed using air and water as the two interstitial fluids. Reduction in strength and stiffness caused by porosity can be recovered partially by filling the interstitial pores with a fluid. The test findings demonstrate the influence of the interstitial fluid on the mechanical characteristics of a porous structure in a quantitative manner. It is also demonstrated that the transmission loss does not depend only on the mass per unit area of the structure as predicted by acoustic mass law. Current tests also demonstrate that the transmission loss is more sensitive to the interstitial fluid than the shape and support conditions of the structures. Test observations thus support the concepts of “moisture-sensitivity of biological design” and the “law of hierarchy in natural design”.     

造纸污泥与废水污泥流化床焚烧时NO_x和SO_2的排放特性研究

1前言流化床焚烧污犯是近年来发达国家广泛采用的方法，它能很好地实现污泥的稳定化、无害化、减容化和资源化处理。燃煤流化床锅炉污染物排放方面已做了大量的研究工作，由于污泥与煤在结构和性质方面的差异较大，因此有必要对流化床焚烧污泥时污染物排放特性进行研究。本文详细研究了造纸、废水污泥在流化床中焚烧时污泥水份、运行床温及过量空气对NO。和SO。的排放特性及污泥N－＋NO。、S－SO。的转化率的影响，并对这两种性质差异较大的污泥焚烧时的NO。和502的生成特性进行了对比分析，取得了许多有价值的结果，为污泥流化床焚烧…     

Hydroxyapatite coating on porous silicon substrate obtained by precipitation process

Hydroxyapatite Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂ (HAP) is known as a bioactive and biocompatible material, HAP coatings were used to improve the biocompatible of substrate by many researcher, In this work, HAP thin films on porous silicon (PS) substrates have been prepared by aqueous precipitation method with rapid thermal annealing (RTA) processes. The HAP films had been prepared under the annealing temperature ranging from 300 to 1000 °C. By the measurement of X-ray diffraction (XRD), it was found that for the crystallinity optimization, the heat-treatment at 850–950 °C for 1 h would be favorable. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements reveal a dense and smooth surface of the HAP film, and tightly adherence of the coating on porous silicon substrate after sintered. Thus, by this method, porous silicon could be increased its bioactivity and so that could be used in the biomedical area.     

On the origin of 1.5 μm luminescence in porous silicon coated with sol–gel derived erbium-doped Fe2O3 films

Sol–gel derived Fe₂O₃ films containing about 10 wt% of Er₂O₃ were deposited on porous silicon by dipping or by a spin-on technique followed by thermal processing at 1073 K for 15 min. The samples were characterized by means of PL, SEM and X-ray diffraction analyses. They exhibit strong room-temperature luminescence at 1.5 μm related to erbium in the sol–gel derived host. The luminescence intensity increases by a factor of 1000 when the samples are cooled from 300 to 4.2 K. After complete removal of the erbium-doped film by etching and partial etching the porous silicon, the erbium-related luminescence disappears. Following this, luminescence at 1.5 μm originating from optically active dislocations (“D-lines”) in porous silicon was detected. The influence of the conditions of synthesis on luminescence at 1.5 μm is discussed.     

Fractal porous media III: Transversal Stokes flow through random and Sierpinski carpets

The transversal Stokes flow of a Newtonian fluid through random and Sierpinski carpets is numerically calculated and the transversal permeability derived. In random carpets derived from site percolation, the average macroscopic permeability varies as (- _c)^3/2, close to the critical porosity _c. This exponent is found to be slightly different from the conductivity exponent. Results for Sierpinski carpets are presented up to the fourth generation. The Carman equation is not verified in these two model porous media.     

气-固流化床反应器内双流体力学模型及其验证 Ⅱ.单组分两维射流床内流场特性分析

由以质量、动量和能量三大守恒定律为基础的湍流两相流理论出发,建立了描述气固流化床内两相流动的数学模型;在微型计算机上编写了相应的数值计算和图形处理程序;为了验证模型的可靠性,本文着手模拟与分析了单组分颗粒体系两维射流流化床内气、固相速度场、空隙度和压力场随时间、空间变化规律;得到了与前人实验结果相吻合的结论。     

气固射流床射流深度的研究

在３００×５１×２６００ｍｍ的二维射流床中，采用多路毕托管测试系统，对包括三种双组份混合物在内的五种物料的射流深度进行了考察。结果表明，射流管径、射流气速对射流深度都有影响，本文尤其考察了环隙气量与射流深度的关系，发现在同样的射流气速下，环隙气速增大则射流深度降低，得出了综合各种影响因素的关联式。     

多孔硅的电化学制备

单晶硅在氢氟酸溶液中阳极氧化可制得多孔硅, 多孔硅是一种以新形态存在的硅, 与单晶硅相比, 它表现出独特的物理性质和化学活性。荧光光谱峰的蓝移表明, 在p-型低掺杂衬底硅上形成的多孔硅中存在量子尺寸效应, 新近获得的Raman光谱也证实了这一点。