Preparation and characterization of periodic mesoporous organosilica terminally functionalized with fluorocarbon groups by a direct synthesis

Fluorocarbon groups were used to modify the pore channels of ethane-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilica by the co-condensation of 1,2-Bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTESE) and trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane (TFPTMS) in the presence of Poly(ethylene glycol)-B-Poly(propylene glycol)-B-Poly(ethylene glycol) (P123) surfactants under acidic conditions. The functionalized materials were investigated in detail by means of XRD, TEM, FT-IR, solid-state NMR, and N₂ adsorption. The effect of fluorocarbon groups concentration on the mesoscopic order and pore structure of the functionalized materials was also studied. The results show that bridging groups in the framework do not cleave and fluorocarbon groups are attached covalently to the pore wall of periodic mesoporous organosilica after functionalization. The samples functionalized with 20% TFPTMS remain desired mesoporous architecture, with a narrow pore size distribution centered at 4.1 nm, a large surface of 834 m²/g and a pore volume of 0.91 cm³g⁻¹, without pronounced change compared to the pure periodic mesoporous organosilica. Unfortunately the functionalized materials become structurally disordered with increasing amount of fluorocarbon groups.     

A novel microfluidic mixer utilizing electrokinetic driving forces under low switching frequency

This paper presents a novel technique in which low-frequency periodic electrokinetic driving forces are utilized to mix electrolytic fluid samples rapidly and efficiently in a double-T-form microfluidic mixer. Without using any additional equipment to induce flow perturbations, only a single high-voltage power source is required for simultaneously driving and mixing the sample fluids which results in a simple and low-cost system for the mixing purpose. The effectiveness of the mixer as a function of the applied electric field and the periodic switching frequency is characterized by the intensity distribution calculated downstream from the mixing zone. The present numerical and experimental results confirm that the proposed double-T-form micromixer has excellent mixing capabilities. The mixing efficiency can be as high as 95% within a mixing length of 1000 microm downstream from the secondary T-junction when a 100 V/cm driving electric field strength and a 2 Hz periodic switching frequency are applied. The results reveal that the optimal switching frequency depends upon the magnitude of the main applied electrical field. The rapid double-T-form microfluidic mixer using the periodic driving voltage switching model proposed in this study has considerable potential for use in lab-on-a-chip systems.     

Electron pairing and the structure of the periodic system: An even/odd separation

The separate plotting of the first ionization potential of the elements versus odd Z and even Z supports the separation of the atoms into two sets with similar periodic distribution, where each atom of the odd set is correlated to one of the even set through the number n of its electron pairs.     

应用于助航系统的赋形曲面光学系统研究

非对称式光度系统技术可以实现光能量的收集与再分配，已经广泛应用于照明领域。基于非成像光学理论的自由曲面照明光学设计具有体积小、设计自由度高、出光光形准确可控等优点。通过采用自由曲面对LED进行合理的二次配光，可以实现绿色环保的照明，给未来照明行业的发展指明了新的方向。本文通过对关于LED自由曲面的光学设计进行研究，提出了一种满足侧边发光照明方式的自由曲面透镜设计方法。将得到的自由曲面透镜实体模型作为立式滑行道边灯透镜设计的基本结构。仿真与实验结果表明，仅用一颗LED光源即可实现联邦航空局（FAA）对立式滑行道边灯的光强分布要求。     

羧酸纤维素的制备及其抗凝血性能的研究

采用高碘酸盐作氧化剂，以一步法和两步法制备羧酸纤维素，并对氧化反应的条件及氧化产物的抗凝血性能进行了研究。实验表明：加入添加剂后，氧化反应的反应条件温和，反应速度加快，反应可在数十小时内进行完全，所得到羧酸纤维素［－ＣＯＯＨ］≥５４．３％）具有优良的抗凝血性能，是一种很有应用前景的医用材料。     

Power law growth for the resistance in the Fibonacci model

Many one-dimensional quasiperiodic systems based on the Fibonacci rule, such as the tight-binding HamiltonianH(n)=(n+1)+(n–1)+v(n) (n),n,l ²(),, wherev(n)=[(n+1)]–[n],[x] denoting the integer part ofx and the golden mean , give rise to the same recursion relation for the transfer matrices. It is proved that the wave functions and the norm of transfer matrices are polynomially bounded (critical regime) if and only if the energy is in the spectrum of the Hamiltonian. This solves a conjecture of Kohmoto and Sutherland on the power-law growth of the resistance in a one-dimensional quasicrystal.     

Closed and endoreversible chemical oscillation

Based on a simple nonideal chemical reaction model, the closed system with reversible nonideal reactions and illumination is shown to be able to exhibit sustained oscillation. The essential points in the occurrence of such oscillations are the nonideality of reacting media, which gives rise to multiple chemical equilibria, and the energy flow through illumination and heat conduction, which gives rise to spontaneous transitions repeatedly between the multiple equilibrium states. During the oscillation, reacting media undergo only reversible chemical transformation and all irreversibilities are restricted to the coupling of the system to external world. This oscillation provides an example of the so-called endoreversible machine and a possible way to convert radiation energy of the light directly into mechanical energy.     

Stability and Unfolding Mechanism of the N‐terminal β‐Hairpin from [2Fe‐2S] Ferredoxin I by Molecular Dynamics Simulations

The stability and unfolding mechanism of the N‐terminal β‐hairpin of the [2Fe‐2S] ferredoxin I from the blue‐green alga Aphanothece sacrum in pure methanol, 40% (v/v) methanol‐water, and pure water systems were investigated by 10 ns molecular dynamics simulations under periodic boundary conditions. The β‐hairpin was mostly in its native‐like state in pure methanol, whereas it unfolds dramatically following the ‘zip‐up’ mechanism when it was placed in pure water. Both interstrand and inside‐turn hydrogen bonds account for the stability of the β‐hairpin in its native‐like conformation, whereas hydrophobic interactions among nonpolar side chains are responsible for maintaining its stable loop‐like intermediate structures in 40% (v/v) methanol‐water. Reducing solvent polarity seems to increase the stability of the β‐hairpin in its native‐like structure. Methanol is likely to mimic the partially hydrophobic environment around the N‐terminal β‐hairpin by the subsequent α‐helix.     

激光准直系统中的杂散光分析与抑制

针对不同光学系统中存在的杂散光所造成的假信号或信号饱和影响,本文结合像面照度分析和消光环抑制的方法,对准直系统进行分析,找到产生杂散光的主要原因,设计了3种不同结构的消光环以消除杂散光。仿真实验结果确定了最优形式的消光环结构,边缘杂散光抑制最大下限值为0.38%,平均抑制值5.68×10~(-4)%;以此模型为基础,进行了杂散光抑制实验。实验结果表明,带有消光环结构的准直系统可以有效抑制杂散光,保证了后续光学系统的功能实现,对其他杂散光抑制系统具有借鉴作用。     

基于OpenCV的车牌图像定位

现有的车牌定位方法几乎都需要先对白天夜晚的场景进行分类,在图像中存在其他灰度剧烈变化区域时,这种场景分类容易影响到车牌定位的准确率;为了对获取到的车辆图像进行准确地定位,提出了一种改进的灰度跳变车牌定位算法,首先加入了光照补偿,使得不需要对白天和晚上的场景进行分类;然后进行了长竖线的噪声去除,可以在背景比较复杂的情况下准确定位车牌;并对精确定位出的车牌进行边框的去除,有利于下一步的字符分割;另外,对OpenCV计算机视觉库的库函数的利用,算法的复杂度得到了简化,从而更好地满足了车牌识别系统的实时性;通过对出入口处采集到的分辨率为704×576的300张图片进行测试,定位率高于95%,对白天和夜晚获取的图像有很好的适应性,满足设计要求。